As the world’s hydrocarbon supplies are gradually being depleted, the search for alternative energy sources with acceptably low emissions of environmentally harmful pollutants is a growing concern. Hydrogen has been proposed by numerous researc...
The increasing global demand for oil and gas, together with the depletion of shallow reservoirs, has driven exploration toward deep and ultra-deep formations characterized by high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) conditions. In such environments,...
The authors develop slim and light-weight vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) by producing vacuum layers with spacers and plastic plates. The developed VIPs have the advantages of a low cost and easy installation, thus facilitating retrofitting insulatio...
In this study, the influence of residual gas pressure within a vacuum insulation cavity on the insulation performance of a multi-layer insulation (MLI) system was investigated through thermal analysis. Based on an electrical analogy, a thermal resist...
Hydrogen serves as a key clean-energy carrier, with the main hurdles lying in safe, efficient transport and storage (gas or liquid) and in end-use energy conversion. Liquid hydrogen (LH), as a high-density method of storage and transportation, presen...
With the increasing severity of climate change, Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology has become essential for reducing atmospheric CO2. Marine carbon sequestration, which stores CO2 in seabed geological structures, offers advant...
Buildings located in extreme cold climates encounter challenges (e.g., heat loss, condensation, and frozen utilities), especially within their wall envelopes. These challenges also play a pivotal role in occupant health, comfort, and the structural i...
In this study, a super-insulated pipe incorporating Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) and vacuum is numerically analyzed to overcome the challenges faced during the transportation of cryogenic fluids like nitrogen. A super-insulated pipe incorporating an...
Insulation performance in older buildings is usually poor, so retrofitting the insulation in these buildings would reduce the energy required for heating, resulting in cost and energy savings. Windows account for a significant amount of the heat loss...
The main purpose of this paper is to present the use of super thermal insulation materials for a historical building through a calculation-based case study. The development of the insulation materials is based on the objective of making buildings as...
This study investigated the heat transfer characteristics of composite multilayer insulation (MLI) materials used for the storage and transport of liquid hydrogen at cryogenic temperatures. This research focused on analyzing the effects of thermal bo...
The thermal insulation performance of liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks is critical for long-distance transportation. The active cooled shield (ACS) technologies, such as the liquid nitrogen cooled shield (LNCS) and the vapor hydrogen cooled shield...
The neutron shielding glass is widely used in nuclear/fusion plants. To improve its temperature resistance and heat insulation, a Gadolinium (Gd)-containing laminate vacuum multiple glass is proposed by using the vacuum insulation method. A 3D finite...
One of the most important goals in developing centrifugal pumps for liquid hydrogen transport is to minimize the temperature rise of the working fluid caused by internal and external heat sources during operation. In this paper, as part of our evalua...
The solar simulator is an important device for simulating solar irradiation in cold black and vacuum environments and has a wide range of application prospects. In this work, a method of thermal conductivity measurement by a double specimen protectio...
This study is devoted to the possibility of using advanced insulation materials, such as Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP), in the insulation and reconstruction of buildings, in connection with the green elements that are installed on the facade in the...
Windows are essential in buildings; however, they have poor thermal performance, so extensive research has been conducted on improving their performance. In this study, we developed vacuum-glazed windows with excellent insulation via the in-vacuum me...
The storage of hydrogen is important for the development of hydrogen energy, especially for the storage of liquid hydrogen, which has been receiving more and more attention recently. In order to study the thermal insulation performance of variable-de...
This study explores the feasibility of using Cu/AZO thin films as low-emissivity materials with antibacterial properties, fabricated using the linear sputtering method. The linear sputtering technique deposits thin films onto continuous substrates, o...
The traditional choice of insulation material for liquefied natural gas (LNG) transportation with cryogenic tankers is the back-filled perlite-based system. However, aiming to further cut down the insulation cost, spare additional arrangement space,...
The symmetrical insulated mug is composed of two layers. The two ends of the two layers form the mouth and bottom seams of the insulated mug. The weld quality of the two seams is very important to keep the vacuum degree of the air between the two lay...
Thermal jacket design using eco-friendly cellulose fibers from recycled paper waste is developed in this report. Neoprene as an outmost layer, cellulose aerogels in the middle and Nylon as an innermost layer can form the best sandwiched laminate usin...
Building insulation based on nanomaterials is considered one of the most effective means of reducing energy consumption in the hot desert climate. The application of an energy-efficient insulation system can significantly decrease the energy consumed...
Window performance in buildings is very important for energy saving. Many efforts have been made towards saving energy in buildings, and research has focused attention on enhancing the thermal performance of windows. Vacuum glazing has attracted much...
As environmental pollution has become a global concern, regulations on carbon emissions from maritime activities are being implemented, and interest in using renewable energy as fuel for ships is growing. Hydrogen, which does not release carbon dioxi...
Buildings account for a significant portion of a nation’s total energy consumption. To meet the global demand for greater energy efficiency, many countries are drastically strengthening insulation regulations for buildings. Thus, dramatically thicker...
Revealing the interlayer pressure distribution in multilayer insulation (MLI) for cryogen (e.g., liquid hydrogen) containers is very important to improve the insulation-performance-predicting quality. This paper proposed an inversion method to recons...
Hydrogen has been attracting attention as a fuel in the transportation sector to achieve carbon neutrality. Hydrogen storage in liquid form is preferred in locomotives, ships, drones, and aircraft, because these require high power but have limited sp...
In this paper, a prediction method of the heat transfer coefficient of composite vacuum glazing (CVG) is proposed. By analyzing the heat transfer process of CVG, the theoretical calculation formula for the heat transfer coefficient of CVG is establis...
To explore the lightweight structures with excellent vibration and acoustic properties, corrugated composite panels with different fiber reinforcements, i.e., carbon and glass fibers, were designed and fabricated using a modified vacuum-assisted resi...
Efficient insulation technology is one of the key technologies for the development of large LH2 storage tanks. This paper aimed at a 4000 m3 LH2 spherical tank, many insulation schemes were designed, including multilayer insulation systems integrated...
This study investigated the manufacturing processes for structural supercapacitors (SSCs) using smear molding (RS), resin transfer molding (RTM), and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Woven carbon fibers were used as the electrode, wove...
The insulator-to-metal transition upon the thermal reduction of perovskites is a well-known yet not completely understood phenomenon. By combining different surface-sensitive analysis techniques, we analyze the electronic transport properties, electr...
The utilization of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in innovative optical sensor networks has displayed remarkable potential in providing precise and dependable thermal measurements in hostile environments on Earth. Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) blan...
Low power density and low heating rate are the key constraints for the development of conductive polymer materials in the field of electric heating. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs)–graphene (GR)–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite film was...
This paper proposes a novel wafer-level vacuum packaged electric field microsensor (EFM) featuring a high quality factor, low driving voltage, low noise, and low power consumption. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI) conductive handle layer was innovative...
This study investigates window renovation strategies for a detached building in Belper, UK, analyzing double- and triple-glazed, vacuum, and low-E vacuum windows with varying gas fillings, pillar radii, and spacing. The results reveal that increasing...
Air switchgear is an important power equipment in the transmission, transformation, and distribution process of the power system. Insulation defects can lead to partial discharge, which is one of the primary causes of air switchgear failure. Current...
Vanadium oxide (VO2) is considered a Peierls–Mott insulator with a metal–insulator transition (MIT) at Tc = 68° C. The tuning of MIT parameters is a crucial point to use VO2 within thermoelectric, electrochromic, or thermochromic appl...
Almost every major city’s skyline is known for high-rise iconic buildings with some level of curtain wall system (CWS) installed. Although complex, a CWS can be designed for energy efficiency by integrating insulated spandrel components in spac...
Fully printable carbon-based multiporous layered electrode perovskite solar cells (MPLE−PSCs) are close to being commercialized due to their excellent stability, their ability to easily be scaled up, and their amenability to mass production via...
This paper presents a resonant pressure microsensor with a wide range of pressure measurements. The developed microsensor is mainly composed of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer to form pressure-sensing elements, and a silicon-on-glass (SOG) cap to...
Omniphobic membranes have gained extensive attention for mitigating membrane wetting in robust membrane separation owing to the super-repulsion toward water and oil. In this study, a Teflon/PAI composite membrane with omniphobic characteristics was p...
The long-term reliability of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) is constrained by the barrier film degradation caused by micro-cracks during the flanging process. However, the correlation mechanism between process parameters and microleakage remains unc...
A MEMS thin-film getter–heater unit has been previously proposed for the vacuum packaging of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device, where the floating structure (FS) design is found to be obviously more power-efficient than the solid...
In order to achieve and maintain a high quality factor (high-Q) for the micro resonant pressure sensor, this paper presents a new wafer level package by adopting cross-layer anodic bonding technique of the glass/silicon/silica (GSS) stackable structu...
The X-ray absorption spectroscopy technique has been applied to study different stages of the lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cell life cycle. We have investigated how speciation of S in Li/S cathodes changes upon the introduction of CTAB (cetyltrimethylammoni...
Nonstoichiometric GeSixOy glass films and many-layer structures based on them were obtained by high-vacuum electron beam vapor deposition (EBVD). Using EBVD, the GeO2, SiO, SiO2, or Ge powders were co-evaporated and deposited onto a cold (100 °C)...
Effective thermal insulation of cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks remains a critical engineering challenge, as conventional vacuum-based or monolithic systems are constrained by manufacturing complexity, mechanical vulnerability, and poor...
The development of metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) capacitors requires device miniaturization and excellent electrical properties. Traditional SiO2 gate dielectrics have reached their physical limits. In this context, high-k materials...
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