It is necessary to install a specific burner system to burn out fuel-rich post combustion gas produced from a gas generator in a rocket engine when the performance of gas generator is separately evaluated in a test facility. Because of the fuel-rich...
This paper studies the generation process and emission characteristics of soot from Marine diesel engine. On the basis of Particulate size mimic (PSM) detailed soot model, the parameters related to soot generation obtained from the reaction mechanism...
Global warming caused by CO2 emissions is a major environmental problem. Thus, the development of materials with innovative architectures that approach the CO2 problem is a necessity. In this study, hierarchical porous carbon fibers (HCFs) were synth...
The mimicking of atmospheric soot with versatile chemophysical properties is a critical issue in many applications, starting from instrument calibration, through producing aerosol standards for academic research, and ending with the reduction of unce...
The soot produced by fossil fuel combustion affects climate and human health, and the ethylene laminar flame is a crucial research object of soot generation. After verifying the accuracy of the numerical calculation model by comparing experimental da...
Flame-generated soot particles from two different fuels, benzene (B) and ethylene (E), at different ageing conditions, were analysed to assess their morphological and structural features. Samples were collected at 6, 10 and 14 mm from the nozzle loca...
In this paper, the visualization experiments of spray, ignition, and combustion of diesel under variable injection pressure (from 90 to 130 MPa) were studied by using a constant volume vessel and impinging combustion plate system. With the developmen...
Carbon fibers are materials with potential applications for CO2 capture due to their porous structure and high surface areas. Nevertheless, controlling their porosity at a microscale remains challenging. The solution plasma (SP) process provides a fa...
This article reviews a method of hydrogen production based on partial non-catalytic oxidation of natural gas in an original synthesis gas generator. The working principles of the unit are similar to those of liquid-propellant rocket engines. This pap...
This study performed an experimental exploration to analyze the influence of different grain sizes of coal on the nanostructure and morphological parameters of soot generated during combustion. Initially, primary and mature soot samples were gained f...
From a technical and economic point of view, our aim is to provide viable solutions for the replacement of fossil fuels which are currently used in internal combustion diesel engines. In this research, two new biofuels composed of second-generation v...
Against the backdrop of a low-carbon economy, the control of soot emissions from combustion processes is of paramount importance. In this study, the effects of CO2 dilution on soot formation in ethylene laminar diffusion flames are investigated throu...
The optical properties (absorption and scattering) of soot particles depend on soot size and index of refraction, but also on the soot complex morphology and the internal mixing with materials that can condense on a freshly emitted (nascent) soot par...
Waste soot generated from diesel engine of merchant ships has ≥ 2 µm agglomerates consisting of 30–50 nm spherical particles, whose morphology is identical to that of carbon black (CB) used in many industrial applications. In this stud...
The formation of soot and NOx in ammonia/ethylene flames with varying ammonia ratios was investigated through experimental and numerical analysis. The spatial distribution of the soot volume fraction and NOx concentrations along the flame central lin...
In the study at hand, a systemic investigation regarding the tribochemical effects of crankcase soot is presented. Sooted oils were generated via an engine dynamometer test. Both conventional as well as advanced oil condition monitoring methods indic...
Soot-catalyst contact represents the main critical issue for an effective regeneration of catalytic (i.e., catalyst-coated) diesel particulate filters (DPFs). Most of the literature reviews on this topic have mainly been focused on studies dealing wi...
This study investigated the changes in graphitization, surface functional groups, and oxidation behavior of soot particulates along an exhaust pipe of a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy...
The combustion chamber operating pressure, air inlet temperature, and bio-fuel blending ratio are the key factors affecting the emissions of aero engines. Numerical simulations were used to investigate the emission patterns of CO, CO2, NO and carbon...
It has previously been shown that an Ag/CZA catalyst can simultaneously remove NOx and soot from an oxygen-rich exhaust gas at low temperatures, by utilising the N2O generated preferentially during incomplete NOx reduction. Here, we examine the effec...
Measuring soot concentration in a burner flame is essential for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanism and to abate its generation. This paper presents an improved emission spectroscopy (ES) method that uses an adaptive particle swarm o...
This paper provides a thorough modeling-based overview of the scattering and radiative properties of a wide variety of morphologically complex carbonaceous aerosols. Using the numerically-exact superposition T-matrix method, we examine the absorption...
The immersion freezing ability of soot particles has in previous studies been reported in the range of low/insignificant to very high. The aims of this study were to: (i) perform detailed physico-chemical characterisation of freshly produced soot par...
Anode active materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) were produced by using waste soot generated after combustion in a plant using petroleum coke as fuel. The soot collected from the boilers in the plant was graphitized through annealing, and this...
The second-order factor effect of burner optical ports and edge inter-matrices (EIM) and the first-order factor of pressure on the soot formation process and behavior of premixed sooting flames in a high-pressure burner are numerically investigated h...
Ammonia (NH3) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propens...
Owing to increasingly stringent emission limits, particulate filters have become mandatory for gasoline-engine vehicles. Monitoring their soot loading is necessary for error-free operation. The state-of-the-art differential pressure sensors suffer fr...
ZrO2 and Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 mixed oxides were prepared and tested in the oxidation of carbon soot at different oxygen partial pressures and degrees of catalyst/soot contact to investigate their activity under typical gasoline direct injection (GDI) operati...
In this second part of the paper series, parameter investigations of the tribological system chain pin/bush contact, carried out on a specifically developed pin on bush plate model test technique, are presented. Both the pin material and the lubrican...
Soot formation in combustion represents a complex phenomenon that strongly depends on several factors such as pressure, temperature, fuel chemical composition, and the extent of premixing. The effect of partial premixing on soot formation is of relev...
Iron (Fe) powder is a promising zero-carbon energy carrier, and its co-combustion with hydrocarbon fuels offers a transitional route toward decarbonized power generation. Fe has nevertheless been experimentally found to aggravate early soot nucleatio...
The effect is studied of water-suspended soot microparticles on the actin cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and proliferation in the gill epithelium of pearl gourami. To this end, the fish are kept in aquariums with 0.005 g/L of soot for 5 and 14 days. Laser...
This article reports on field tests devoted to the emissions of particles from gas turbines (GT) and more particularly to the formation of soot and its suppression by fuel additives. These field tests involved four heavy-duty gas turbines used as pow...
Soot particle deposition is a common form of surface contamination in enclosed architectural environments and can significantly alter the optical appearance of painted surfaces. In the Zhaomiao temple halls of Inner Mongolia, long-term exposure to so...
The ash deposition is a general problem that needs to be solved effectively for the rotary air preheater of the coal-fired boiler. Taking the rotary air preheater of a 600 MW power station as the object, the mesh model of the flue gas side of the air...
Oil has an enormous influence on the condition of the engine. Determining its degradation allows companies to maximize the availability of a specific vehicle and fleet of vehicles in general. In the evolution of engine oil degradation, one of the var...
This work presents a numerical study that investigates the optimum post-injection strategy and internal exhaust gas recirculation (iEGR) application with intake valve re-opening (2IVO) aiming to optimize the brake specific nitric oxide (bsNO) and bra...
The global effort to mitigate hazardous particulate matter (PM) emissions from diesel engines relies significantly on advances in separations technologies. The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is a critical component designed to trap soot and ash from...
Accurate measurement of the 2D soot spatial distribution is vital for optimizing combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. While 1D laser extinction (LE) is robust and cost-effective, it provides only line-of-sight integrated informatio...
Modeling the chemical reactions and soot processes in kerosene flames is important to support the design of future generations of low-emission aircraft engines. To develop and validate these models, detailed experimental data from model flames with w...
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and high-pressure fuel injection are key technologies for reducing diesel engine emissions in the face of reinforced regulations. With the increasing need for advanced EGR technologies to achieve low-temperature combus...
Soot molecules are hazardous compounds threatening human health. Computational chemistry provides efficient tools for studying them. However, accurate quantum chemistry calculation is costly for the simulation of large-size soot molecules and high-th...
In this article, the application of the FRAME (Frequency Recognition Algorithm for Multiple Exposures) technique is presented for multi-species measurements in symmetric and asymmetric ethylene/air diffusion flames. Laminar Bunsen-type and swirled di...
Gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) are an appropriate means to meet today’s emission standards. As for diesel applications, GPFs can be monitored via differential pressure sensors or using a radio-frequency approach (RF sensor). Due to largely...
Laser-induced incandescence (LII) is a powerful diagnostic technique allowing quantifying soot emissions in flames and at the exhaust of combustion systems. It can be advantageously coupled with modeling approaches to infer information on the physica...
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We have utilized a range of manufactured or commercial nanoparticulate materials, including surrogate carbon nano-PM along with combustion-generated carbonaceous (soot) nano-PM characteristic of environmental nano-PM (both indoor and outdoor) to inve...
The transportation sector mainly relied on fossil fuel and is one of the major causes of climate change and environmental pollution. Advances in smart sensing technology are paving the way for the development of clean and intelligent vehicles that le...
This study evaluated the self-cleaning ability and durability of Si-based consolidants (an ethyl silicate consolidant and a consolidant based on nanosized silica) spiked with nanocrystalline TiO2 activated by either UV-A radiation (spectral region be...
Soot combustion experiments with 5%O2/He were conducted using model soot, and four distinct compositions of CexPr1-xO2-δ oxides of varying nominal cerium compositions (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, and 1) were prepared. The catalyst samples were comprehensi...
Aromatics, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are important combustion pollutants known to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and are also precursors of soot and, consequently, combustion-generated particulate matters that can significant...
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