4,303 Results Found

The confined uniaxial tests of packings with discrete particle size distribution (PSD) were modeled with the discrete element method. Ternary packings of spheres with PSD uniform or nonuniform by number of particles were examined in three-dimensional...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are bound to particulate matter can have adverse effects on human health. Particle size plays an important role in assessing health risks. The aim of this study was to compare concentrations of PAHs bound...

A new coupling method, immersed moving boundary–discrete element method–lattice Boltzmann method (IMB-DEM-LBM), is proposed to simulate particle flow for application in soil mechanics or coastal engineering. In this study, LBM fluid is simulated on t...

This paper investigated the effects of silicone oil viscosity (SOV) and carbonyl iron particle (CIP) weight fraction and size on dynamic yield stress for magnetorheological (MR) grease. The MR grease samples were prepared using orthogonal array L₉ on...

We construct a fractional Laplacian spinning particle model in an external electromagnetic field that generalizes a standard relativistic spinning particle model without anti-commuting spin variables. The one-dimensional fractional Laplacian in world...

The fractionation of airborne particles based on multiple characteristics is becoming increasingly significant in various industrial and research sectors, including mining and recycling. Recent developments aim to characterize and fractionate particl...

As one of the main areas of value investing, the stock market attracts the attention of many investors. Among investors, market index movements are a focus of attention. In this paper, combining the efficient market hypothesis and the fractal market...

This study proposes a method to improve fractional-order particle swarm optimizer to overcome the shortcomings of traditional swarm algorithms, such as low search accuracy in a high-dimensional space, falling into local minimums, and nonrobust result...

Soil erosion is a global environmental problem related to anthropogenic activities which are influenced by natural factors. The sloping cultivated lands, with serious soil erosion, constitute a significant proportion of the landscape in the remote mo...

The presence of spherical solid particles immersed in an incompressible turbulent flow was numerically investigated from the perspective of the particle mass fraction (PMF or ${\varphi }_m$), a measure of the particle-to-fluid mass ratio. Although a number of di...

In recent years, the migration and transformation of heavy metals (HMs) in soil has become a hot issue. Soil particle size has an important effect on the environmental behavior of HMs in soil. The distribution of HMs in soil is strongly affected by t...

Gold nanorods (GNRs) are of particular interest for biomedical applications due to their unique size-dependent longitudinal surface plasmon resonance band in the visible to near-infrared. Purified GNRs are essential for the advancement of technologie...

This article investigates modeling issues of fractional-order singular systems. The state estimation can be solved by using the particle filter. An improved Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) method—the Amsgrad algorithm can handle the optimizat...

Superdiffusive transport of energetic particles in the solar system and in other plasma environments is often inferred; while this can be described in terms of Lévy walks, a corresponding transport differential equation still calls for investi...

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit unique magnetic properties making them ideally suited for a variety of biomedical applications. Depending on the desired magnetic effect, MNPs must meet special magnetic requirements which are mainly determined b...

The coupled mechanisms governing carbon–nitrogen turnover across soil particle-size fractions remain unclear. This study investigated soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) dynamics across five particle-size fractions in Cambisols un...

Fractional-order calculus and derivative is extended from integral-order calculus and derivative. This paper investigates a nonlinear robust control problem using fractional order and operator theory. In order to improve the tracking performance and...

Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) separates sample components based on their sizes in the absence of a stationary phase. It is well suited for high molecular weight samples such as virus-sized particles. The AF4 experiment can potentia...

In this paper, we present the unsteady translational motion of a porous spherical particle in an incompressible viscous fluid. In this case, the modified Navier–Stokes equation with fractional order time derivative is used for conservation of momentu...

This paper presents an engineering framework for smart grid virtual power plant (VPP) day-ahead scheduling using fractional calculus-enhanced particle swarm optimization, targeting practical deployment in energy management systems. A fractional calcu...

When an electro-optical tracking system (ETS) needs higher control precision, system identification can be considered to improve the accuracy of the system, so as to improve its control effect. The fractional system model of ETS can describe the char...

The effect of anomalous diffusion of lithium on the discharge curves and impedance spectra of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is studied within the fractional differential generalization of the single-particle model. The distribution of lithium ions in e...

It remains unknown which size fractions dominate the adverse cardiopulmonary effects of particulate matter (PM). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the differential associations between size-fractioned particle number concentrations (PNCs) and ca...

Numerous applications in agriculture, climate, ecology, hydrology, and the environment are severely constrained by the lack of detailed information on soil texture. The purpose of this study was to predict soil particle-size fractions (PSF) in the Ri...

This paper proposes a new image enhancement algorithm. At first, the paper uses the combination of rough set and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to distinguish the smooth area, edge and texture area of the image. Then, according to the re...

We developed an improved model for predicting the steric-entropic effect on the separation behaviors of rod-like particles in flow field-flow fractionation. Our new model incorporates the “pole-vault” rotation of a rod-like particle near a wall under...

This study proposes a virgin structure of Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) for Load Frequency Control (LFC) in a dual-area interconnected electrical power system. This configuration benefits from the advantages of fuzzy control and the merits of Fractional...

An adaptive-uniform-experimental-design-based fractional particle swarm optimizer (AUFPSO) with non-linear time-varying evolution (NTE) is proposed. A particle swarm optimizer (PSO) is an excellent evolutionary algorithm due to its simple structure a...

Soil organic carbon storage in agricultural soil constitutes a crucial potential for sustainable agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation. This paper aimed at assessing soil organic carbon stock and its distribution in three particle s...

In this paper, Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is utilized in the attitude control of a quadrotor aircraft to address the problem of attitude destabilization in flight control caused by parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. C...

Soil organic matter plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, yet the magnitude and direction of changes in soil carbon content following vegetation shifts in the tropics remain highly debated. Most studies have focused on short-term changes,...

For all-solid-state batteries, the particle size distribution of the solid electrolyte is a critical factor. Small particles are preferred to obtain a high active mass loading of cathode active material and a small porosity in composite cathodes. In...

Variations in the concentrations of particulate heavy metals and fluxes into the sea in the Yellow River were examined based on observational and measured data from January 2009 to December 2010. A custom-built water elutriation apparatus was used to...

To achieve the maximum power from wind in variable-speed regions of wind turbines (WTs), a suitable control signal should be applied to the pitch angle of the blades. However, the available uncertainty in the modeling of WTs complicates calculations...

Fractional-order systems capture complex dynamic behaviors more accurately than integer-order models, yet their real-time identification remains challenging, particularly in resource-constrained environments. This work proposes a hybrid framework tha...

Slope deformation poses significant risks to infrastructure, ecosystems, and human safety, making early and accurate predictions essential for mitigating slope failures and landslides. In this study, we propose a novel approach that integrates a frac...

In this paper, a new fractional-order (FO) PI^λD^µ controller is designed with the desired gain and phase margin for the automatic rudder of underactuated surface vessels (USVs). The integral order λ and the differential order μ...

A fluidized bed aerosol generator was connected to a 13-stage cascade impactor (nanoMOUDI) for the size fractionation of urban dust (<10 µm), followed by the gravimetric analysis of loaded PTFE filter samples. This method was used to characterize...

Airborne particles are composed of inorganic species and organic compounds. PM₁ particles, with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 μm, are considered to be important in the context of adverse health effects. Many compounds bound to particulate...

This article aimed to introduce a novel application of a hybrid particle swarm optimizer and gravitational search algorithm (HPSOGSA) that can be used for optimal control of offshore wind farms’ voltage source converter connected to HVDC transm...

Semi-open impeller sewage pumps are widely used in fields such as municipal wastewater treatment. However, they often face performance degradation and operational instability when conveying solid–liquid two-phase flows containing solid particle...

Coarse particle matter, PM_coarse, is associated with increased respiratory morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between short-term changes in PM_coarse and sub-clininal airway inflammation in children. Heal...

This paper present seasonal variation in the equivalent concentration (BaP_eq) of PAHs in order to assess the potential cancer risk for two different groups of residents via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation pathways. The possible ecological ri...

In this paper, an integrated numerical model is proposed to investigate the effects of particulate size and volume fraction on the deformation, damage, and failure behaviors of particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs). In the framework...

Effects of airborne particles on the expression status of markers of cellular toxic stress and on the release of eicosanoids, linked with inflammation and oxidative damage, remain poorly characterized. Therefore, we proposed a set of various methodol...

In this paper, considering the strength and geometric discrete distribution characteristics of composite reinforcement, by introducing the discrete distribution function of reinforcement, the secondary development of ABAQUS is realized by using the P...

The organic fraction of waste is increasingly used for biogas production. However, the fermentation process used for this purpose also produces waste in the form of digestate in addition to biogas. Its liquid fraction can, among other things, be a so...

Simulative and experimental studies were carried out to address multi-dimensional particle fractionation of non-biological particles according to size, shape, and density inside a high-throughput DLD array. Density sensitive separation was achieved f...

The fluid seepage in saturated zone of subgrade promotes the migration of fine particles in the filler, resulting in the change of pore structure and morphology of the filler and the deformation of solid skeleton, which affects the fluid seepage char...

We first investigate the dynamical behavior of an active Brownian particle influenced by a viscoelastic memory effect characterized by a power-law kernel, under the effects of thermal and active noises. We then analyze the dynamics of an active Brown...