Carbon utilization of bacterial communities is a key factor of the biomineralization process in limestone-rich curst areas. An efficient carbon catabolism of the microbial community is associated with the availability of carbon sources in such an eco...
Drug repurposing identifies new clinical indications for existing drugs. It can be used to overcome common problems associated with cancers, such as heterogeneity and resistance to established therapies, by rapidly adapting known drugs for new treatm...
Deep learning has proven advantageous in solving cancer diagnostic or classification problems. However, it cannot explain the rationale behind human decisions. Biological pathway databases provide well-studied relationships between genes and their pa...
Volvariella volvacea, the Chinese mushroom, is a high-temperature grass-rot fungus with great production potential, yet its low yield limits industrial development. Exogenous sodium acetate (NaAc) has been shown to increase yield by promoting indole-...
The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-OGD) superfamily is one of the largest protein families in plants. The main oxidation reactions they catalyze in plants are hydroxylation, desaturation, demethylation, epimerization, and halogenation. Four...
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) induce neurological diseases, including neurobehavioral defects and neurodegenerative diseases. Direct evidence indicates that CuO-NPs induce inflammation in the central nervous system and cause severe neurotoxici...
The architecture, organization, and functioning of biocatalytic reaction networks, which are coded in the cell-specific genome and which work together in the small space of biological cells, are a fascinating feature of life evolved over more than 3...
Revealing brain functional connection pathways is of great significance in understanding the cognitive mechanism of the brain. In this paper, we present a novel rough set based dynamic multi-reduction algorithm (DMRA) to analyze brain functional conn...
Comparison of metabolic pathways provides a systematic way for understanding the evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships in systems biology. Although a number of phylogenetic methods have been developed, few efforts have been made to provide a un...
Sphingolipids are a class of amphipathic lipids characterized by a sphingoid base backbone, which can be classified into glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelins. They exhibit structural complexity and functional diversity, being widely distributed in e...
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to play central roles in the physiology of many organisms. Members of this seven α-helical transmembrane protein family transduce the extracellular signals and regulate intracellular second messengers thr...
The innate immune system is the first line of host defense sensing viral infection. Manganese (Mn) has recently been found to be involved in the activation of the innate immune DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway and subsequent anti-DNA virus function. Ho...
An analogous version of Chebyshev inequality, associated with the weighted function, has been established using the pathway fractional integral operators. The result is a generalization of the Chebyshev inequality in fractional integral operators. We...
Background/Objectives: This study describes, first, healthcare pathways, including inpatient rehabilitation, and, second, functional outcomes for these low-trauma hip fracture (LTHF) types (femoral neck (FN-F), trochanteric (Tr-F), and acetabulum/per...
The drug efflux transporter permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) plays an important role in oral drug absorption and distribution. Under microgravity (MG), the changes in P-gp efflux function may alter the efficacy of oral drugs or lead to unexpected eff...
Metabolic activities within the gut microbiome are intimately linked to human health and disease, especially within the context of environmental exposure and its potential ramifications. Perturbations within this microbiome, termed “gut microbi...
Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) result in misfolding and aggregation of the protein, causing neurodegenerative amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In recent years, several new SOD1 variants that trigger ALS have been identified, making it...
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA-ATXN1) is an autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative disease, caused by CAG repeat expansion in the ataxin-1 gene (ATXN1). In isolated reports of patients with neurological signs [symptomatic patients (SP)], macular a...
In this study, we added LDN-193189 2HCL to inhibit the BMP signaling pathway in Scylla paramamosain and then explored the function of this pathway in molting through the changes in the growth performance and molt-related gene expression. The study fi...
We present in this paper a generalization of the fractional kinetic equation using the generalized incomplete Wright hypergeometric function. The pathway-type transform technique is then used to investigate the solutions to a fractional kinetic equat...
In recent years, fractional kinetic equations (FKEs) involving various special functions have been widely used to describe and solve significant problems in control theory, biology, physics, image processing, engineering, astrophysics, and many other...
Over the past decades, pathway analysis has become one of the most commonly used approaches for the functional interpretation of metabolomics data. Although the approach is widely used, it is not well standardized and the impact of different methodol...
Synaptic transmission is a dynamic process that requires precise regulation. Early in life, we must be able to forge appropriate connections (add and remove) to control our behavior. Neurons must recognize appropriate targets, and external soluble fa...
The significance of alternative respiratory pathway (AOXs) during the interaction between soft rot bacteria (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, (Pcc.)) and potato tubers is well-defined. However, the role of the AOXs in impaired mitochond...
(−)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is a potent natural antioxidant, but its strong bitterness and poor palatability limit its application in animal production. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of...
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a prevalent mycotoxin in moldy grains and feeds, highly toxic to livestock and compromising product quality while threatening food safety. Poultry exhibit low susceptibility to FB1, but the underlying tolerance mechanisms remain...
The oxalate-carbonate pathway (OCP) is a biogeochemical process linking oxalate oxidation and carbonate precipitation. Currently, this pathway is described as a tripartite association involving oxalogenic plants, oxalogenic fungi, and oxalotrophic ba...
Backgrounds: Bevacizumab (BVZ) is used as a subsequent line of treatment for pediatric optic pathway glioma (OPG) in the case of progression. Data on the treatment effect concerning tumor progression and visual function are scarce and nationwide stud...
Background/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with limited therapeutic options. Although Fagopyrum cymosum exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, its efficacy in UC and the underlying mechanism...
Migraine, the leading cause of disability in the population aged below 50, is associated with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders (FGIDs) such as functional nausea, cyclic vomiting syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Conversely, chan...
The mesolimbic reward system originating from dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain shows a profound reduction in function during cannabinoid withdrawal. This condition may underlie aversive states that lead to compulsi...
The survival of eukaryotic organisms during environmental changes is largely dependent on the adaptive responses elicited by signal transduction cascades, including those regulated by the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways. The Cell Int...
This research aimed to probe the potential alleviative effects of ethanol extracts of Chinese sumac (Rhus chinesis Mill.) fruits against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in C57BL/6 mice induced by high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD) and streptozot...
Background: The aim of the study was to perform a functional and structural evaluation of the anterior visual pathway in patients with Graves’ Orbitopathy (GO) using electrophysiological tests and OCT, as well as to identify potential parameter...
Neuroplasticity is a complex process that is heightened during time-sensitive periods of pre- and postnatal brain development. It continues, albeit to a lesser extent, throughout adolescence and young adulthood. Congenital visual deprivation is well-...
Hijiki (Hizikia fusiformis) is a seaweed native to warm-temperate and subtropical regions that has a high edible value and economic value, with a production of about 2 × 105 tons/year. Current research has clearly shown that the pharmacological...
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a key extracellular matrix component of vertebrates, where it mediates cell adhesion, immune regulation, and tissue remodeling through its interaction with specific receptors. Although HA has been detected in a few invertebrat...
Background: During the first 2 years of life, human white matter (WM) undergoes rapid development, establishing a structural foundation for later neurodevelopment. Methods: We conducted a mixed-model analysis for repeated measures to investigate the...
Abnormal dislocation of cone opsin protein affects the sensitivity function of photoreceptors and results in depressed central vision. Nutraceutical therapy is needed to restore the residual function of photoreceptors. Crocin is a natural substance f...
Background: Microalgae and cyanobacteria represent a largely unexplored source of bioactive compounds, but systematic screening of extensive strain collections is limited by the cost and complexity of conventional chemical and pharmacological charact...
Mitochondrial dysfunction in colonic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is closely associated with impaired gut motility in functional constipation (FC), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The mitochondrial unfolded prote...
Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways execute essential functions in eukaryotic organisms by transducing extracellular stimuli into adaptive cellular responses. In the fission yeast model Schizosaccharomyces pombe the cell integr...
Introduction: Optimization of guideline-directed medical therapy in chronic heart failure remains challenging in real-world practice, particularly outside settings with routine cardiopulmonary exercise testing. In this context, cardiovascular rehabil...
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) is a leading cause of preterm birth and significant neonatal morbidity. The vaginal microbiome is implicated in its pathogenesis, but its detailed characteristics and functional consequences remain to be...
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of FAM13A on the differentiation of goat intramuscular precursor adipocytes and its mechanism of action. Here, we cloned the CDS region 2094 bp of the goat FAM13A gene, encoding a total of 697 amino a...
Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease with high heritability, but the genetic determinants of severity remain incompletely defined. This study evaluated 650 individuals genotyped with a 60-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel covering immun...
Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been recognized as an important factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). It arises due to deficient mismatch repair (MMR), mostly attributed to MLH1 and MSH2 loss of function leading to a global MMR defect affecting mon...
The tarnished plant bug (TPB, Lygus lineolaris) remains a major pest for a variety of crops. Frequent sprays on row crops, especially cotton, prompted resistance development in field populations. To maintain chemical control as an effective tool agai...
Background/Objectives: Carotenoids play essential roles in light harvesting, photoprotection, and oxidative stress defense in photosynthetic organisms. The filamentous anoxygenic phototroph Chloroflexus aurantiacus synthesizes diverse carotenoids; ho...
A decisive step in cell-biomaterial interaction is represented by the adsorption of proteins at the interface, whose fine control may be useful to trigger proper cell response. To this purpose, we can selectively control protein adsorption on biomate...
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