To address the challenges associated with achieving high-fidelity printing of complex 3D bionic models, this paper proposes a method for spatially resolved defect characterization and fidelity assessment. This approach is based on 3D printer-associat...
In this work, enhanced thermal data processing is developed with experimental procedures, improving visualization algorithm for sub-surface defect detection on industrial composites. These materials are prone to successful infrared nondestructive inv...
Aiming at the problems of complex texture, variable interference factors and large sample acquisition in surface defect detection, a generic method of automated surface defect detection based on a bilinear model was proposed. To realize the automatic...
Metal pipelines may have various defects due to long-term service, corrosion, external strikes, etc. Traditional closed-circuit television (CCTV) inspection techniques are capable of detecting these defects. However, substantial human resources are r...
Continuous unidirectional (UD) thermoplastic composite tapes are increasingly used in aerospace, automotive, and energy applications because of their high specific strength, low weight, recyclability, and compatibility with automated manufacturing. S...
One of the main challenges encountered in the Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) Additive Manufacturing (AM) process is the fabrication of defect-free parts. The presence of defects severely degrades the mechanical performance of AM parts and espe...
In the context of the use of AM, particularly in the L-PBF technique, the printability characterization of material occurs through the identification of its printability map as a function of printing process parameters. The printability map identifie...
In recent years, steel surface defect detection has emerged as a significant area of focus within intelligent manufacturing research. Existing approaches often exhibit insufficient accuracy and limited generalization capability, constraining their pr...
In this work, a known Eddy Current (EC) model is adapted to characterize subsurface defects in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates intended for the civil aerospace industry. The considered defects include delaminations, microcracks, porosit...
Wafer map defect pattern recognition is a key task for ensuring yield in integrated circuit manufacturing. However, in real production lines it commonly suffers from scarce labeled data, long-tailed class distributions, and limited feature representa...
Defects detection within a composite component, with the aim of understanding and predicting its mechanical behavior, is of great importance in the aeronautical field because the irregularities of the composite material could compromise functionality...
This paper presents a new processing method for denoising interferograms obtained by digital holographic speckle pattern interferometry (DHSPI) to serve in the structural diagnosis of artworks. DHSPI is a non-destructive and non-contact imaging metho...
Structural timber is an important building material, but surface defects such as cracks and knots seriously affect its load-bearing capacity, dimensional stability, and long-term durability, posing a significant risk to structural safety. Conventiona...
In order to obtain a widespread application of Additive Manufactured (AM) technology in the aircraft industry for fatigue critical parts, a detailed characterization of the Fatigue and Damage Tolerance (F&DT) behavior of structural components is...
Belt conveyors are essential to continuous material transport systems, and reliable surface defect detection is therefore critical for safe and stable operation. In real industrial environments, defects such as tears, punctures, and localized damage...
Generic object detection algorithms for natural images have been proven to have excellent performance. In this paper, fabric defect detection on optical image datasets is systematically studied. In contrast to generic datasets, defect images are mult...
Delamanintions and reinforcement corrosion are two common problems in concrete bridge decks. No single nondestructive testing method (NDT) is able to provide comprehensive characterization of these defects. In this work, two NDT methods, acoustic sca...
In order to solve the problem of defect detection and to contour accurate segmentation of periodic texture fabric images, a fabric defect detection method based on saliency region and similarity location is proposed. Firstly, the image to be detected...
Diamonds from Juina, Brazil, are well-known examples of superdeep diamond crystals formed under sublithospheric conditions and evidence would indicate their origins lie as deep as the Earth’s mantle transition zone and the Lower Mantle. Detailed char...
Porcelain bushings are critical insulation components of high-voltage equipment, and their in-service failure, often an explosive rupture initiated at pre-existing micro-defects, remains a safety concern. Existing studies treat defect initiation and...
RASopathies are a group of developmental disorders caused by dominant mutations in genes that encode components of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cell signaling pathway. The goal of this study was to characterize the pathological phe...
With the rapid development of semiconductor manufacturing technology, methods to effectively control the production process, reduce variation in the manufacturing process, and improve the yield rate represent important competitive factors for wafer f...
Ti alloys are widely used in aerospace and biomedical fields due to their high mechanical properties under severe loading. Interest in additively manufactured Ti6Al4V has increased, but further research is needed to fully characterize their propertie...
Uncovering hidden subsurface features in mural paintings represents a fundamental challenge in cultural heritage conservation. Given the complex stratigraphy of these artworks, deterioration phenomena occur at various depths, making the non-destructi...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a powerful non-destructive tool in the study of plant tissues. For potato tubers, it greatly assists the study of tissue defects and tissue evolution during storage. This paper describes the MRI analysis of potato tubers...
Accurate detection and characterization of surface defects in concrete dams is vital for ensuring safe operation. To address the limitations of existing research focused solely on cracks and the challenges traditional convolutional networks face in a...
Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of aromatic aldehydes represents a core research direction in the efficient utilization of lignin. In this study, a cost-effective catalyst was constructed by incorporating rich lattice defects into Ni nanoparticles...
Steel strip surface defect detection remains challenging because defects are often elongated, weakly bounded, low-contrast, and sensitive to imaging degradation. To address these issues, this paper proposes Orthogonal Direction-Adaptive YOLOv8n (OAD-...
In the field of printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing, surface defect detection serves as a critical process in the production line, directly impacting the quality and safety of subsequent electronic products. However, accurately detecting tiny s...
In response to the challenges of complex lithium battery surface defect morphology, difficulties in detecting small targets, and the trade-off between accuracy and speed in existing detection methods, this paper proposes an improved object detection...
Vibration monitoring of glass substrate transfer systems is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of Flat Panel Display (FPD) manufacturing equipment. Fabrication defects in the functional nanofiber membrane of flexible vibration sensors can sign...
To address the problems of weak geometric features, low signal response amplitude, and insufficient spatial resolvability of near-surface defects in metal substrates, a high-resolution spatiotemporal-coded eddy-current array probe is proposed. The pr...
The aim of this work was a deep spectroscopical characterization of a thick 4H SiC epitaxial layer and a comparison of results between samples before and after a thermal oxidation process carried out at 1400 °C for 48 h. Through Raman and photolu...
Crown roots are essential for plants to obtain water and nutrients, perceive environmental changes, and synthesize plant hormones. In this study, we identified and characterized short crown root 8 (scr8), which exhibited a defective phenotype of crow...
In the context of defect detection in high-speed railway train wheels, particularly in ultrasonic-testing B-scan images characterized by their small size and complexity, the need for a robust solution is paramount. The proposed algorithm, UT-YOLO, wa...
Additively manufactured lightweight lattice structures typically consist of thin walls with thicknesses ranging from hundreds of micrometers to millimeters. Within this range, such thin walls exhibit a pronounced size effect. Despite extensive resear...
In textile manufacturing, ensuring high-quality yarn is crucial, as it directly influences the overall quality of the end product. However, imperfections like protruding and loop fibers, known as ‘hairiness’, can significantly impact yarn...
Steel surface defect detection is essential for maintaining industrial production quality and operational safety. However, existing deep learning-based methods often encounter high computational costs, hindering their deployment on mobile devices. To...
The kernel serves as a storage organ for various nutrients and determines the yield and quality of maize. Understanding the mechanisms regulating kernel development is important for maize production. In this study, a small-kernel mutant smk7a of maiz...
In this work, the physical and the electrical properties of vertical GaN Schottky diodes were investigated. Cathodo-luminescence (CL), micro-Raman spectroscopy, SIMS, and current-voltage (I-V) measurements were performed to better understand the effe...
The MAP3K1 is responsible for transmitting signals to activate specific MAP2K-MAPK cascades. Following the initial biochemical characterization, genetic mouse models have taken center stage to elucidate how MAP3K1 regulates biological functions. To t...
Traditional YOLO models face a dilemma when it comes to dim detection targets: the detection accuracy increases while the speed inevitably reduces, or vice versa. To resolve this issue, we propose a novel DME-YOLO model, which is characterized by the...
Drainage pipeline environments are typically characterized by darkness, high humidity, water accumulation, sediment deposition, reflective surfaces, and severe occlusions. These challenging conditions make conventional single-sensor inspection method...
Performance of the (CdZn)Te pixelated detectors heavily relies on the quality of the underlying material. Modern laser-induced transient current technique addresses this problem as a convenient tool for characterizing the associated charge distributi...
The detection of defects in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) is a critical yet challenging task in industrial quality control, characterized by the prevalence of small targets and complex backgrounds. While deep learning models like YOLOv5 have shown pr...
Object detection is pivotal for automated industrial surface defect detection. However, industrial imaging of metal surfaces is often hampered by adverse factors such as uneven illumination, strong specular reflection, low contrast, and blurring of t...
Natural-based composites have received increasing attention as engineering materials because they can incorporate renewable feedstocks, valorize agro-industrial residues, and support more circular resource use. Their engineering interpretation, howev...
Ultraviolet (UV) imaging technology has been used in corona discharge detection by characterizing the discharge degree through the detected number of photons in the UV imager or facular area of the UV image. This paper is to expand the UV imaging met...
Particleboard is an important forest product that can be reprocessed using wood processing by-products. This approach has the potential to achieve significant conservation of forest resources and contribute to the protection of forest ecology. Most c...
Urban underground sewage pipelines often suffer from defects such as cracks, irregular joint misalignment, and stratified sedimentation blockages, which may lead to pipeline bursts, sewage overflow, and water pollution. Timely detection of abnormal d...
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