Digital Product Passports (DPPs) must preserve reliable component histories across repair, removal, and reuse, even when lifecycle updates are concurrent or reported retrospectively. This paper proposes an integrated model combining permanent identif...
The metric field of general relativity is almost fully determined by its causal structure. Yet, in spin foam models of quantum gravity, the role played by the causal structure is still largely unexplored. The goal of this paper is to clarify how caus...
3 July 2019
Background: From a causal point of view, there exists a set of socioeconomic indicators concerning life expectancy. The objective of this paper is to determine the indicators which exhibit a relation of causality with life expectancy at birth. Method...
Malaria, a disease with major health and socio-economic impacts, is driven by multiple factors, including a complex interaction with various climatic variables. In this paper, five methods developed for inferring causal relations between dynamic proc...
We review an argument that bipartite “PR-box” correlations, though designed to respect relativistic causality, in fact violate relativistic causality in the classical limit. As a test of this argument, we consider Greenberger–Horne&...
We introduce a qubit-based version of the quantum switch, consisting of a variation of the Fermi problem. Two qubits start in a superposition state in which one qubit is excited and the other is in the ground state. However, it is not defined which i...
In this article, we conducted a causal analysis of a system extracted from a database of current data in the telecommunications domain, namely the Eurobarometer 73.3 database arose from a survey of 26,602 citizens EU on the potential health effects t...
This study examined the impact of university students’ perceptions of food insecurity on psychological well-being, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction and observed that the students’ gender plays a moderating role in this causal relation...
Information geometry has offered a way to formally study the efficacy of scientific models by quantifying the impact of model parameters on the predicted effects. However, there has been little formal investigation of causation in this framework, des...
We comprehensively review several general methods and analytical tools used for causality evaluation of photonic materials. Our objective is to call to mind and then formulate, on a mathematically rigorous basis, a set of theorems which can answer th...
Taking Turkey’s experience as a case study, this study provides further insights into the evaluation of time-varying Granger-causal relationships in the trade openness and economic performance nexus. We reinvestigated the Granger-causal relatio...
Mental causation is vitally important to the integrated information theory (IIT), which says consciousness exists since it is causally efficacious. While it might not be directly apparent, metaphysical commitments have consequential entailments conce...
The ability to recognize key causal models across situations is associated with expertise. The acquisition of schema-governed category knowledge of key causal models may underlie this ability. In an experimental study (n = 183), we investigated the e...
The Granger causality test is essential for detecting lead–lag relationships between time series. Traditionally, one uses a linear version of the test, essentially based on a linear time series regression, itself being based on autocorrelations...
Causality follows the thermodynamic arrow of time, where the latter is defined by the direction of entropy increase. After a brief review of an earlier version of this article, rooted in classical mechanics, we give a quantum generalization of the re...
In this study, we used a recently developed causal methodology, called Probabilistic Easy Variational Causal Effect (PEACE), to distinguish gliosarcoma (GSM) from glioblastoma (GBM). Our approach uses a causal metric which combines Probabilistic Easy...
This study examines the incorporation of causal inference methods into intelligent entities and examines the benefits of utilizing causal reasoning to improve decision-making procedures. This study entails conducting an experimental evaluation within...
Objective: To evaluate the genetic causality between alcohol intake, smoking, coffee consumption, and arthritis. Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) studies with alcohol, smoking, and coffee consumption behaviors as exposures, and osteoarthritis (O...
In certain established approaches to quantum gravity, such as causal set theory and causal dynamical triangulations, discrete spacetime structure is taken to be a primary feature, not a secondary effect of “quantizing” a pre-existing clas...
Integrated Information Theory (IIT) intends to provide a principled theoretical approach able to characterize consciousness both quantitatively and qualitatively. By starting off identifying the fundamental properties of experience itself, IIT develo...
Causality assessment in liver injury induced by drugs and herbs remains a debated issue, requiring innovation and thorough understanding based on detailed information. Artificial intelligence (AI) principles recommend the use of algorithms for solvin...
This paper proposes causal economic machine learning (CEML) as a research agenda that utilizes causal machine learning (CML), built on causal economics (CE) decision theory. Causal economics is better suited for use in machine learning optimization t...
The analysis of news in the financial context has gained a prominent interest in the last years. This is because of the possible predictive power of such content especially in terms of associated sentiment/mood. In this paper, we focus on a specific...
In a paper published in 1939, Albert Einstein argued that Black Holes (BHs) did not exist “in the real world”. However, recent astronomical observations indicate otherwise. Does this mean that we should also expect White Holes (WHs) to ex...
Using directed transfer function (DTF) and partial directed coherence (PDC) in the information version, this paper extends the theoretical framework to incorporate the instantaneous Granger causality (iGC) frequency domain description into a single u...
We propose a causal heat conduction model based on a heat kernel violating the fading memory paradigm. The resulting transport equation produces an equation for the temperature. The model is applied to the discussion of two important issues such as t...
Dynamical black-hole scenarios have been developed in loop quantum gravity in various ways, combining results from mini and midisuperspace models. In the past, the underlying geometry of space-time has often been expressed in terms of line elements w...
This paper investigates the long-term and causal relationship between energy intensity, real GDP per capita, urbanization and industrialization in Saudi Arabia over the period 1971–2012 using the breakpoint unit root tests developed by Perron (1989)...
Drugs are prescribed worldwide to treat diseases but with the risk of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (iDILI). The most important difficulty is how best to establish causality. Based on strong evidence and principles of artificial intelligenc...
Abstract: Real-time anomaly detection has received wide attention in remote sensing image processing because many moving targets must be detected on a timely basis. A widely-used anomaly detection algorithm is the Reed-Xiaoli (RX) algorithm that was...
Causal discovery in time series data presents a significant computational challenge. Standard algorithms are often prohibitively expensive for datasets with many variables or samples. This study introduces and validates a heuristic approximation of t...
The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger version of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is widely regarded as a conclusive logical argument that rules out the possibility of reproducing the predictions of Quantum Mechanics within the framework of any ph...
Background/Objectives: Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) inform the epidemiologic statistical modeling confounders to determine close to true causal relationships in a study context. They inform the inclusion of the predictive model variables that affec...
Uncovering dynamic information flow between stock market indices has been the topic of several studies which exploited the notion of transfer entropy or Granger causality, its linear version. The output of the transfer entropy approach is a directed...
In this paper we investigate the degradation of the statistic properties of chaotic maps as consequence of their implementation in a digital media such as Digital Signal Processors (DSP), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) or Application-Specific...
This study examines the link between energy (using electricity generation as a proxy) and sustainable economic growth alongside the mediating role of salient socio-political factors, such as education, life expectancy, government effectiveness, and g...
In this paper, we employ reanalysis data to systematically investigate the development of the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), thereby distinguishing the SST–wind causal relationship during IOD development. The results indicate that the variations in...
Measurements of systems taken along a continuous functional dimension, such as time or space, are ubiquitous in many fields, from the physical and biological sciences to economics and engineering. Such measurements can be viewed as realisations of an...
Background/Objectives: As a lifelong chronic condition, diabetes requires self-management, which plays an essential role in slowing disease progression and improving treatment outcomes. This research aimed to investigate whether the quality of chroni...
Musical exposure in dairy cattle has been associated with potential effects on milk production, behavior, and physiological regulation; however, available evidence remains heterogeneous and potentially affected by biological and environmental confoun...
Public organizations in Peru have committed substantial resources to artificial intelligence over recent years, yet evidence on whether these investments produce measurable returns has remained scarce. This study evaluated the causal impact of AI ado...
31 March 2010
The aim of this study was to verify the relation between body mass index (BMI) and sitting time in a sample of 4,091 Azorean men. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Total physical activity (PA) time and total sitting time were a...
Statistical complexity is a measure of complexity of discrete-time stationary stochastic processes, which has many applications. We investigate its more abstract properties as a non-linear function of the space of processes and show its close relatio...
Photovoltaic power forecasting is important because solar generation varies with weather conditions. Accurate forecasts help improve grid operation, reduce costs, enhance system stability, and support battery management. This paper presents a hybrid...
The present research study examines the influence of perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) on consumer brand loyalty in the banking industry. The present research also examines the indirect relationship between CSR and brand loyalty via bra...
The primary objective of this study is to examine the role of push and pull factors in determining consumer trip satisfaction and loyalty to agricultural fairs. We use a modified version of Yoon and Uysal’s causal model, initially proposed to evaluat...
Anomaly detection has received considerable interest for hyperspectral data exploitation due to its high spectral resolution. A well-known algorithm for hyperspectral anomaly detection is the RX detector. A number of variations have been studied sinc...
This paper explores enduring influences on life satisfaction using empirical analysis of World Values Survey (WVS) data (four versions of the most comprehensive dataset, namely 1.6, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0). Five significant values emerged—financial s...
Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis (DIAIH) is a rare and complex disorder caused by drugs that are commonly metabolized by hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) pathways. Whereas DIAIH presents generally with a single clinical flare, in rare cases...
This article utilises Max-Neef’s Human Scale Development (HSD) framework (1991) to answer two research questions: what impact does government and community-based social protection (SP) have on UK asylum-seeker wellbeing; how are interactions wi...
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