Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) together with the Growth and Differentiation Factors (GDFs) form the largest subgroup of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)β family and represent secreted growth factors, which play an essential role in many...
Current specification mining algorithms for temporal data rely on exhaustive search approaches, which become detrimental in real data settings where a plethora of distinct temporal behaviours are recorded over prolonged observations. This paper propo...
Rising complexity in cyber-physical systems development exposes challenges in the consistent and reusable specification of graphical domain-specific languages (DSLs). Despite the benefits of model-based systems engineering (MBSE), the absence of a st...
Muscles control body movement and locomotion, posture and body position and soft tissue support. Mesoderm derived cells gives rise to 700 unique muscles in humans as a result of well-orchestrated signaling and transcriptional networks in specific tim...
The initiation and specification of germline cells are crucial for plant reproduction and the continuity of species. In Arabidopsis thaliana, auxin plays a vital role in guiding the transition of somatic cells into germline fate, orchestrating the sp...
Nowadays, REpresentational State Transfer Application Programming Interfaces (REST APIs) are widely used in web applications, hence a plethora of test cases are developed to validate the APIs calls. We propose a solution that automates the generation...
Several works have been done in the last decades for understanding tables in documents, but most of them were not specifically designed to understand tables in engineering specification documents. Tables in engineering specifications have characteris...
Product derivation is the process of building a specific product from a software product line. Effective product derivation can improve software reuse productivity. Existing methods can only obtain abstract feature models, lacking detailed specificat...
The generation of standardized requirements specification documents plays a crucial role in software processes. However, the manual composition of software requirements specifications is a laborious and time-consuming task, often leading to errors th...
Integrated information theory (IIT) starts from the existence of consciousness and characterizes its essential properties: every experience is intrinsic, specific, unitary, definite, and structured. IIT then formulates existence and its essential pro...
During development, mesodiencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons form into different molecular subsets. Knowledge of which factors contribute to the specification of these subsets is currently insufficient. In this study, we examined the role of Tcf4...
The megaspore mother cell (MMC) is the founding cell of the plant female germline, and its specification is a critical step in sexual reproduction of flowering plants. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics, live imaging, and gene editing hav...
The correct specification of glazings for façades can reduce the energy consumption in buildings. The heat exchange occurs through transparent surfaces and radiation reaches the building as light and heat. Therefore, glazings significantly contribute...
Parametric production frontier functions are frequently used in stochastic frontier models, but there do not seem to be any empirical test statistics for the plausibility of this application. In this paper, we develop procedures to test whether or no...
The proposed method for tire specification character recognition based on the YOLOv5 network aimed to address the low efficiency and accuracy of the current character recognition methods. The approach involved making three major modifications to the...
Electric vehicle (EV) chargers are often deployed in public spaces, making them easily accessible targets for cyber attackers. Moreover, EV chargers are components of EV charging infrastructure in which IT and OT domains coexist; thus, if they are co...
Vibe coding uses repeated natural-language prompts and minimal code review in large language model (LLM)-based development. Development may end before sufficient client–LLM context co-construction occurs. We propose CO-constructed SPECification...
Histogram equalization is one of the basic image processing tasks for contrast enhancement, and its generalized version is histogram specification, which accepts arbitrary shapes of target histograms including uniform distributions for histogram equa...
Specification-based testing methods generate test data without the knowledge of the structure of the program. However, the quality of these test data are not well ensured to detect bugs when non-functional changes are introduced to the program. To ge...
In today’s society, mobile applications are becoming more popular and providing several advantages. However, users will resist using a product regardless of how well-tested or solid it is if the wrong requirements are implemented. Understanding...
The definition of a Life Cycle Assesment (LCA) for a building or an urban area is a complex task due to the inherent complexity of all the elements that must be considered. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach is required due to the different so...
The wnt signaling pathway is an intercellular communication mechanism essential in cell-fate specification, tissue patterning and regional-identity specification. A βcatenin-dependent signal specifies the AP (Anteroposterior) axis of planarians, both...
A model specification test is a statistical procedure used to assess whether a given statistical model accurately represents the underlying data-generating process. The smoothing-based nonparametric specification test is widely used due to its effici...
Defects such as the duality and the incompleteness in natural language software requirements specification have a significant impact on the success of software projects. By now, many approaches have been proposed to assist requirements analysts to id...
We develop a procedure for removing four major specification errors from the usual formulation of binary choice models. The model that results from this procedure is different from the conventional probit and logit models. This difference arises as a...
Pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. However, critical to understanding and exploiting mechanisms of cell lineage specification, epigenetic reprogramming, and the optimal environment for maintai...
The efficient acquisition and dissemination of information are crucial in building information modeling (BIM). Current BIM models face significant challenges, including inadequate modeling techniques, poorly defined information requirements, and low...
Requirements specification includes technical concerns of an information system and is used throughout its life cycle. It allows for sharing the vision of the system among stakeholders and facilitates its development and operation processes. Natural...
Hydraulic turbines increasingly operate under variable hydraulic regimes, creating a need for condition monitoring (CM) systems that support diagnostics and predictive maintenance, rather than only protection or threshold-based alarms. However, senso...
It is generally accepted that epigenetic modifications, such as DNA and histone methylations, affect transcription and that a gene’s transcription feeds back on its epigenetic profile. Depending on the epigenetic modification, positive and nega...
Detailed specifications of urban traffic from different perspectives and scales are crucial for understanding and predicting traffic situations from the view of an autonomous vehicle (AV). We suggest a data-driven specification scheme for maneuvers a...
The advancement of cellular communication technology has profoundly transformed human life. People can now watch high-definition videos anytime, anywhere, and aim for the implementation of advanced autonomous driving capabilities. However, the sustai...
This paper describes our best practices related to hybrid power system (HPS) development, with a focus on the specification development phase. The HPS specifications are based on the main development goals of our security robot, which place top prior...
The goal of edge-histogram specification is to find an image whose edge image has a histogram that matches a given edge-histogram as much as possible. Mignotte has proposed a non-convex model for the problem in 2012. In his work, edge magnitudes of a...
A requirement analysis is the basis and source of software system development, and its accuracy, consistency and completeness are the keys to determining software quality. However, at present, most software requirements specifications are prepared ma...
Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy network (RPL) topology attacks can downgrade the network performance significantly by disrupting the optimal protocol structure. To detect such threats, we propose a RPL-specification, obtained by a semi-auto...
Estimation results obtained by parametric models may be seriously misleading when the model is misspecified or poorly approximates the true model. This study proposes a test that jointly tests the specifications of multiple response probabilities in...
User satisfaction with a product plays a direct role in the purchasing decisions. With the enrichment of material life and the growth of individual requirements, this satisfaction is derived from the requirement for functionality to aesthetics. Conve...
The quality characteristics with unilateral specifications include the smaller-the-better (STB) and larger-the-better (LTB) quality characteristics. Roundness, verticality, and concentricity are categorized into the STB quality characteristics, while...
The megaspore mother cell (MMC), the initial cell of the female germline in flowering plants, differentiates from a distal subepidermal somatic cell in the ovule. Positional signals guide this process, yet the mechanisms by which multiple signals int...
Maintaining inter-actor connectivity is extremely crucial in mission-critical applications of Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs), as actors have to quickly plan optimal coordinated responses to detected events. Failure of a critical actor par...
9 September 2024
Potentially Preventable Hospitalisations (PPH) is a widely used indicator of the effectiveness of non-hospital care. Specified using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding, PPH comprises a suite of health conditions that could have...
When all of the one-sided specification indices of each quality characteristic reach the requirements of the process quality level, they can ensure that the process capability of the product meets the requirements of the process quality level. This s...
9 January 2019
Uncertainties in spatial modeling studies of schistosomiasis (SCH) are relevant for the reliable identification of at-risk populations. Ecological fallacy occurs when ecological or group-level analyses, such as spatial aggregations at a specific admi...
Building information modeling (BIM) relies on well-defined information requirements to ensure data availability, accurate data exchange, and model consistency. The information delivery specification (IDS) schema has emerged as a standard for structur...
At present, the automatic generation of tolerance types based on rule-based reasoning has an obvious characteristic: for the same assembly feature, tolerance items are recommended that satisfy all feature characteristics, with a large number of recom...
(1) Background: Cloud storage is often required for successful operation of novel smart applications, relying on data produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Big Data processing tasks and management operations for such applications require...
During embryonic development, cell-fate specification gives rise to dedicated lineages that underlie tissue formation. In olfactores, which comprise tunicates and vertebrates, the cardiopharyngeal field is formed by multipotent progenitors of both ca...
Software specifications are of great importance to improve the quality of software. To automatically mine specifications from software systems, some specification mining approaches based on finite-state automatons have been proposed. However, these a...
In requirement engineering, an important issue is how to transform and tailor the informal system requirements of users or customers into more structured specification documents, which are then used by the software developers. In addition, it is both...
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