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Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during...
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Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development

A special issue of Journal of Developmental Biology (ISSN 2221-3759).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2018) | Viewed by 38804

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Samuel J. Pleasure

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
Interests: cortical development; dentate gyrus; axon guidance; migration; neural progenitor; Sonic Hedgehog; Wnt; BMPs; chemokines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Much work has been published over recent decades demonstrating important functions for each of the FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt signaling pathways in the development of virtually all tissues in animals. Given the maturity of our understanding of the molecular events in each of these pathways, the next steps are to further understand how these pathways interact at the signalling level. This Special Issue will focus on this question of crosstalk in any model organism and any tissue during development.

Prof. Samuel J. Pleasure
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 28135 KiB  
Article
Forced Expression of Foxg1 in the Cortical Hem Leads to the Transformation of Cajal-Retzius Cells into Dentate Granule Neurons
by Bin Liu, Hongmei Xiao and Chunjie Zhao
J. Dev. Biol. 2018, 6(3), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb6030016 - 26 Jun 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5202
Abstract
The Wnt- and BMP-rich cortical hem has been demonstrated to be critical for the pattern formation of the telencephalon, and it is particularly important for the induction of the hippocampus. Meanwhile, the cortical hem is one of the sources of Cajal-Retzius cells. Many [...] Read more.
The Wnt- and BMP-rich cortical hem has been demonstrated to be critical for the pattern formation of the telencephalon, and it is particularly important for the induction of the hippocampus. Meanwhile, the cortical hem is one of the sources of Cajal-Retzius cells. Many Cajal-Retzius cells are produced in the hem and populated to the media-caudal surface of the telencephalon. However, the mechanism of the maintenance of the hem remain unclear. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line CAG-loxp-stop-loxp-Foxg1-IRES-EGFP. By crossing Fzd10CreERTM with this line, combined with tamoxifen induction, Foxg1 was ectopically expressed in the hem from embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) onwards. We have found the hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells were transformed into dentate granule neurons accompanied with ectopic expression of Lhx2. However, the morphology of the hem displayed no obvious changes. The hem specific markers, Wnt3a and Wnt2b, were slightly downregulated. Our results indicate that Foxg1 is sufficient to induce the expression of Lhx2 in the dorsal part of the hem. The ectopic Lhx2 and decreased Wnt signals may both contribute to the cell fate switch. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism underlying the maintenance of the hem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development)
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Review

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34 pages, 1196 KiB  
Review
Crosstalk of Intercellular Signaling Pathways in the Generation of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons In Vivo and from Stem Cells
by Claude Brodski, Sandra Blaess, Juha Partanen and Nilima Prakash
J. Dev. Biol. 2019, 7(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb7010003 - 15 Jan 2019
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 9442
Abstract
Dopamine-synthesizing neurons located in the mammalian ventral midbrain are at the center stage of biomedical research due to their involvement in severe human neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, most prominently Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The induction of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons depends on two important [...] Read more.
Dopamine-synthesizing neurons located in the mammalian ventral midbrain are at the center stage of biomedical research due to their involvement in severe human neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, most prominently Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The induction of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons depends on two important signaling centers of the mammalian embryo: the ventral midline or floor plate (FP) of the neural tube, and the isthmic organizer (IsO) at the mid-/hindbrain boundary (MHB). Cells located within and close to the FP secrete sonic hedgehog (SHH), and members of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT1/5A), as well as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family. The IsO cells secrete WNT1 and the fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8). Accordingly, the FGF8, SHH, WNT, and BMP signaling pathways play crucial roles during the development of the mDA neurons in the mammalian embryo. Moreover, these morphogens are essential for the generation of stem cell-derived mDA neurons, which are critical for the modeling, drug screening, and cell replacement therapy of PD. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the functions and crosstalk of these signaling pathways in mammalian mDA neuron development in vivo and their applications in stem cell-based paradigms for the efficient derivation of these neurons in vitro. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development)
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23 pages, 3077 KiB  
Review
Development of Normal and Cleft Palate: A Central Role for Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)/CCN2
by Joseph T. Tarr, Alex G. Lambi, James P. Bradley, Mary F. Barbe and Steven N. Popoff
J. Dev. Biol. 2018, 6(3), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb6030018 - 19 Jul 2018
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 9554
Abstract
Development of the palate is the result of an organized series of events that require exquisite spatial and temporal regulation at the cellular level. There are a myriad of growth factors, receptors and signaling pathways that have been shown to play an important [...] Read more.
Development of the palate is the result of an organized series of events that require exquisite spatial and temporal regulation at the cellular level. There are a myriad of growth factors, receptors and signaling pathways that have been shown to play an important role in growth, elevation and/or fusion of the palatal shelves. Altered expression or activation of a number of these factors, receptors and signaling pathways have been shown to cause cleft palate in humans or mice with varying degrees of penetrance. This review will focus on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or CCN2, which was recently shown to play an essential role in formation of the secondary palate. Specifically, the absence of CCN2 in KO mice results in defective cellular processes that contribute to failure of palatal shelf growth, elevation and/or fusion. CCN2 is unique in that it has been shown to interact with a number of other factors important for palate development, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), epidermal growth factor (EGF), Wnt proteins and transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs), thereby influencing their ability to bind to their receptors and mediate intracellular signaling. The role that these factors play in palate development and their specific interactions with CCN2 will also be reviewed. Future studies to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action for CCN2 and its interactions with other regulatory proteins during palatogenesis are expected to provide novel information with the potential for development of new pharmacologic or genetic treatment strategies for clinical intervention of cleft palate during development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development)
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9 pages, 210 KiB  
Review
Unanswered Questions Regarding Sex and BMP/TGF-β Signaling
by Tapan A. Shah and Melissa B. Rogers
J. Dev. Biol. 2018, 6(2), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb6020014 - 16 Jun 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6128
Abstract
Crosstalk between the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways regulates many complex developmental processes from the earliest stages of embryogenesis throughout adult life. In many situations, the two signaling pathways act reciprocally. For example, TGF-β signaling is generally pro-fibrotic, whereas BMP signaling is anti-fibrotic [...] Read more.
Crosstalk between the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways regulates many complex developmental processes from the earliest stages of embryogenesis throughout adult life. In many situations, the two signaling pathways act reciprocally. For example, TGF-β signaling is generally pro-fibrotic, whereas BMP signaling is anti-fibrotic and pro-calcific. Sex-specific differences occur in many diseases including cardiovascular pathologies. Differing ratios of fibrosis and calcification in stenotic valves suggests that BMP/TGF-β signaling may vary in men and women. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the interplay between sex and BMP/TGF-β signaling and pose several unanswered questions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development)
25 pages, 1171 KiB  
Review
Location, Location, Location: Signals in Muscle Specification
by Chih-Ning Chang and Chrissa Kioussi
J. Dev. Biol. 2018, 6(2), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb6020011 - 18 May 2018
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7096
Abstract
Muscles control body movement and locomotion, posture and body position and soft tissue support. Mesoderm derived cells gives rise to 700 unique muscles in humans as a result of well-orchestrated signaling and transcriptional networks in specific time and space. Although the anatomical structure [...] Read more.
Muscles control body movement and locomotion, posture and body position and soft tissue support. Mesoderm derived cells gives rise to 700 unique muscles in humans as a result of well-orchestrated signaling and transcriptional networks in specific time and space. Although the anatomical structure of skeletal muscles is similar, their functions and locations are specialized. This is the result of specific signaling as the embryo grows and cells migrate to form different structures and organs. As cells progress to their next state, they suppress current sequence specific transcription factors (SSTF) and construct new networks to establish new myogenic features. In this review, we provide an overview of signaling pathways and gene regulatory networks during formation of the craniofacial, cardiac, vascular, trunk, and limb skeletal muscles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crosstalk between FGF, TGF-β, BMP, and Wnt Signaling Pathways during Development)
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