The use of orthopaedic and dental implants is expanding as a consequence of an ageing population and also due to illness or trauma in younger age groups. The implant must be biocompatible, bioactive and interact favourably with the recipient’s...
The method of drilling and blasting with explosives is widely used in rock fragmentation applications in underground construction projects, such as tunnels and caverns. However, the use of explosives is associated with rigorous safety and environment...
The sand-blasting and acid etching (SLA) method can fabricate a rough topography for mechanical fixation and long-term stability of titanium implant, but can not achieve early bone healing. This study used two kinds of plasma treatments (Direct-Curre...
Packaging using thermoplastic molding for hollowed GaN chips were requested for a leak-proof micro-joining between plastic molds and copper-based substrates. The design and engineering of micro-textures is a key technology for putting leak-proof pack...
In many cases, the functional performance of additively manufactured components can only be ensured by finishing the functional surfaces. Various methods are available for this purpose. This paper presents a procedure for selecting suitable processes...
The osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs), critical to the osseointegration of titanium implants, is enhanced on titanium surfaces with biomimetic topography, and this is further enhanced when the surfaces are hydrophilic....
Roughness characteristics play an essential role in osseointegration. However, there is a concern about the susceptibility of those surfaces to bacterial colonization. New techniques for cleaning and surface treatment have appeared that could favor o...
The small extracellular vesicles (sEV) accumulating in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients’ plasma are mixtures of vesicles produced by leukemic and non-malignant cells. sEV originating from leukemia blasts could serve as potential non-invasi...
Blast trauma presents a unique challenge due to its complex mechanism of injury, which impacts the brain and other vital organs through overpressure waves and internal bleeding. Severe blood loss leads to an inadequate oxygen supply and insufficient...
Despite a lack of evidence, a bone marrow aspirate differential of 500 cells is commonly used in the clinical setting. We aimed to test the performance of 200-cell counts for daily hematological workup. In total, 660 consecutive samples were analyzed...
In this study, M50NiL steel was carburized (C), nitrided (N), and compound-carburized then nitrided (C + N). Vein-like grain boundaries (VLGBs) were observed in the diffusion layers of both the N and C + N states due to the limited opportunity for di...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant public health concern, particularly among military personnel and contact sport athletes who are frequently exposed to repeated blast overpressure waves and mild concussive impacts, respectively. Whil...
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) frequently results in sleep-wake disturbances. However, limited studies have investigated the molecular signaling mechanisms underlying these sleep disturbances, and potentially efficacious therapies are la...
Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating of hard tissue implants is widely employed for its biocompatible and osteoconductive properties as well as its improved mechanical properties. Plasma technology is the principal deposition process for coating HA on bioacti...
Blast-induced polytrauma (BIPT) is a common injury among military personnel exposed to explosive blasts. It is increasingly recognized as a complex, multisystem disorder that extends beyond neurological damage to include systemic metabolic and inflam...
Several preclinical and clinical reports have demonstrated that levels of circulating high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) are increased early after trauma and are associated with systemic inflammation and clinical outcomes. However, the mechani...
Rice blast is one of the main diseases in rice and can occur in different rice growth stages. Due to the complicated procedure of panicle blast identification and instability of panicle blast infection influenced by the environment, most cloned rice...
Background/Objectives: Repeat low-level blast exposure has emerged as a significant concern for military populations exposed to explosive events. Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury (bTBI) is a unique form of brain trauma with poorly understood mole...
Copper substrates were wrought to have micro-grooves for packaging by micro-stamping with use of a AISI316 stainless steel micro-punch array. The micro-texture of this arrayed punch was first tailored and compiled into CAD data. A screen film was pre...
Spatially resolved, line-of-sight measurements of aluminum monoxide emission spectra in laser ablation plasma are used with Abel inversion techniques to extract radial plasma temperatures. Contour mapping of the radially deconvolved signal intensity...
Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating threatening to global rice production. The narrow genetic background of modern rice cultivars exacerbates the shortage of durable resistance resources. In contrast, t...
Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is an effective technique to enhance the quality of the thermal barrier, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and superhydrophobic coatings. To create the suspension in the SPS technique, nano and sub-micron solid par...
The prevention of biofilm formation on orthopedic implants is essential, as biofilms are the main challenge in the effective treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). A silver multilayer (SML) coating was developed to prevent biofilm formati...
The present study examined the in vitro and in vivo bone formation and adhesion ability on the surface of a titanium dental implant made by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in electrolytes containing bioactive ions. To achieve this goal, screw-sha...
Background: A major challenge in developing effective immunological damage-control therapies for traumatic hemorrhage (TH) is the lack of animal models that accurately reproduce the immune and pathophysiological responses observed in humans. In this...
Under China’s “carbon peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060” targets, the low-carbon transformation of the ironmaking stage—which contributes approximately 70% of the CO2 emitted per ton of steel in the dominan...
Tungsten is the prime candidate material for plasma facing components of future fusion devices. Plasma spraying, with its ability to coat large areas, including non-planar surfaces, with a significant thickness, is a prospective fabrication technolog...
Acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) is characterized by cells with highly undifferentiated morphology. Cytochemistry with non-specific esterases is negative in up to 20% of cases. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has an essential role in diagnosing...
Magnesium slag is a type of industrial solid waste produced during the production of magnesium metal. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of magnesium slag, the composition and microstructure of magnesium slag were investigated b...
Fungal effectors play an important role in plant immunity. The Magnaporthe oryzae effector PWL2 plays a significant role in rice blast disease caused by this fungus. However, the function of PWL2 in rice immunity is not fully understood. In this stud...
Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are caused by a stem cell failure and often include a dysfunction of the immune system. However, the relationship between spatial immune cell distribution within the bone marrow (BM), in relation to genetic...
Surface modification of dental implants is a key process in the production of these medical devices, and especially titanium implants used in the dental practice are commonly subjected to surface modification processes before their clinical use. A wi...
The main aim of bone tissue engineering is to fabricate highly biocompatible, osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive biomaterials for tissue regeneration. Bone implants should support bone growth at the implantation site via promotion of osteoblast ad...
The potential of advanced polymer or hybrid polymer membranes to reduce CO2 emissions in steel production was evaluated. For this, a conceptual process design and assessment was performed for a process that is a combination of carbon recycling and el...
(1) Background. Titanium is characterized by its biocompatibility and resistance to stress and fatigue. Treatment with argon plasma may favour growth of human osteoblasts with respect to cell adhesion and proliferation. The aim of this study was to a...
This study was conducted to compare the effects of an innovative plasma surface treatment device that does not need a gas supply for titanium disks with two different surface topographies: the prototypical machined surface (MAC) and one of the most d...
The aim of the study was to qualitatively investigate the structure of the surface layer of TiO2 on dental implants made of Ti-6Al-4V subjected to different manufacturing treatments. M (machined), B (Al2O3-blasted), E (HNO3\HF-etched), B + E and A (B...
The propose of this review was to summarize the advances in multi-scale surface technology of titanium implants to accelerate the osseointegration process. The several multi-scaled methods used for improving wettability, roughness, and bioactivity of...
The paper is devoted to the experimental and CFD investigation of a plasma formation impact on the supersonic flow over a body “blunt cone-cylinder”. In the experiments, a series of schlieren pictures of bow shock wave–blast waves non-stationary inte...
Trauma-related hemorrhagic shock (HS) remains a leading cause of death among military and civilian trauma patients. We have previously shown that administration of complement and HMGB1 inhibitors attenuate morbidity and mortality 24 h after injury in...
Iron-containing by-products have high recycling value as an iron source due to the high content of Fe. However, some impurities in by-products limit their recycling. In particular, zinc in by-products are repeatedly vaporized and recrystallized insid...
Phosphorous slag is a solid waste generated in the process of yellow phosphorus production. In order to deeply understand the structural and cementitious characteristics of phosphorous slag, comprehensive characterizations, including X-ray fluorescen...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major source of death and disability worldwide as a result of motor vehicle accidents, falls, attacks and bomb explosions. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs to treat TBI patients predominantly because of a l...
The increasing environmental concerns and stringent regulations targeting emissions and energy efficiency necessitate innovative material solutions that not only comply with these standards but also enhance performance and sustainability. This study...
Molecule radiation can be used as a tool to study colder regions in switching arc plasmas like arc fringes in contact to walls and ranges around current zero (CZ). This is demonstrated in the present study for the first time for the case of ablation-...
We have investigated new and retrieved cementless hip endoprostheses that prematurely failed due to (i) aseptic loosening, (ii) infection and (iii) latent infection. The aim was to better understand the physico-chemical phenomena on the surfaces and...
This article presents research on advanced surface preparation methods for sintered carbides (WC-Co, grade B2) commonly used in the tool industry, particularly in the context of bonding these materials with C45 steel using adhesives. Sintered carbide...
Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are essential to protect ceramic matrix composites against water vapor recession in typical gas turbine environments. Both oxide and non-oxide-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) need such coatings as they sho...
An increase in skin-related autoimmune disorders has been reported as an adverse effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. We present the case of a 90-year-old Taiwanese female who was newly diagnosed with anti-transcription intermediar...
Gelsolin, an actin-remodeling protein, is involved in cell motility, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cytokinesis and is abnormally expressed in many cancers. Recently, human recombinant plasma gelsolin protein (pGSN) was reported to have important roles...
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