Despite the invaluable role of anesthetics as a tool for ensuring animal welfare in stressful situations, there is currently a lack of anesthetic drugs that meet the requirements of intensive aquaculture. In response to the growing interest in anesth...
Only some subpopulations of natural killer (NK) cells have cytotoxic functionality, and the effects of anesthetics on these subpopulations are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of various anesthetics, both alone and in combin...
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) in enhancing the solubility and skin permeation of a lidocaine base, a lipophilic form, in hydrogel systems. The aim was to develop an environmentally s...
During production, fish are exposed to multiple environmental, physiological, and physical stressors, which compromise development, productivity, and welfare and urge the implementation of effective and safe stress-mitigating strategies, particularly...
GABA(A) receptors are ligand-gated ion channels consisting of five subunits from eight subfamilies, each assembled in four hydrophobic transmembrane domains. This pentameric structure not only allows different receptor binding sites, but also various...
Amphipods are frequently used as bioindicators of water quality in experimental or behavior trials. Thus, it is a group considered suitable for use as a model organism in tests with essential oils (EOs). This study evaluated the time required for ane...
The majority of currently used anesthetic agents are derived from or associated with natural products, especially plants, as evidenced by cocaine that was isolated from coca (Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylaceae) and became a prototype of modern local...
Oregano essential oil (OEO) was tested as a natural botanical anesthetic for spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) through a comprehensive evaluation of anesthetic efficacy, physiological homeostasis, tissue integrity, flesh texture and carvacrol...
The modeling of the activity of anesthetics is a real challenge because of their unique electronic and structural characteristics. Microscopic approaches relevant to the typical features of these systems have been developed based on the advancements...
For over 160 years, general anesthetics have been given for the relief of pain and suffering. While many theories of anesthetic action have been purported, it has become increasingly apparent that a significant molecular focus of anesthetic action li...
The extracranial–intracranial (EC–IC) bypass is a complex neurosurgical procedure performed for cerebral flow augmentation or flow replacement. Anesthetic management of these patients poses significant challenges due to the delicate balan...
Anesthetic agents are widely used in aquaculture to facilitate handling, transport, surgery, vaccination, tagging, and other husbandry procedures. However, most previous reviews have primarily focused on induction time, recovery duration, and welfare...
Anesthesia is a powerful tool in neuroscientific research, especially in sleep research where it has the experimental advantage of allowing surgical interventions that are ethically problematic in natural sleep. Yet, while it is well documented that...
General anesthetics mainly act by modulating synaptic inhibition on the one hand (the potentiation of GABA transmission) or synaptic excitation on the other (the inhibition of NMDA receptors), but they can also have effects on numerous other proteins...
Unsuccessful anesthesia often occurs under an inflammatory tissue environment, making dentistry treatment extremely painful and challenging. Articaine (ATC) is a local anesthetic used at high (4%) concentrations. Since nanopharmaceutical formulations...
Background: With renewed interest in long-duration space missions, there is growing exploration into synthetic torpor as a countermeasure to mitigate physiological stressors. Sedative agents, particularly those used in clinical anesthesia, have been...
Background: Lidocaine and prilocaine cream is a compounded topical anesthetic formulation comprising lidocaine and prilocaine. Upon application, the active ingredients are locally released and permeate into the subcutaneous tissue, exerting anestheti...
Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although surgical treatment is a primary approach, residual cancer cells and surgery-induced pathophysiological changes may promote cancer recurrence and metastasis. Anestheti...
4 September 2023
The anesthetic dosing procedure is a key element of safe surgical practice, where it is paramount to ensure sufficient dosing of the anesthetic agent to the patient in order to reach the desired depth of sedation for the necessary procedure. One mean...
Cancer recurrence and metastasis remain critical challenges following surgical resection, influenced by complex perioperative mechanisms. This review explores how surgical stress triggers systemic changes, such as neuroendocrine responses, immune sup...
Understanding the relationship between brain function and natural behavior remains a significant challenge in neuroscience because there are very few convincing imaging/recording tools available for the evaluation of awake and freely moving animals....
The giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, serves as a flagship species for biodiversity conservation, embodying the intersection of ecological, evolutionary, and anthropogenic forces shaping the natural world. Hematological parameters serve as crucial...
The objective of this research was to investigate the anesthetic properties of essential oil from Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (OTO) and Ocimum basilicum L. (OBO), which belong to the Lamiaceae family. They are used as flavoring agents, food preservatives,...
To perform zebrafish larvae-related experiments within a microfluidic environment, the larvae need to be anesthetized and subsequently transported into respective test sections through mechanical or manual means. However, anesthetization tends to aff...
This work was aimed at enhancing butamben (BTB) anesthetic efficacy by the “drug-in cyclodextrin (CD)-in deformable liposomes” strategy. In the study, phase-solubility studies with natural (α-, β-, γ-) and derivative (hydroxypropyl-α-and β-, sulfobut...
Essential oils (EOs) are increasingly studied as natural anesthetics for fish, offering potential alternatives to synthetic agents. This systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of EOs on Oreochromis niloticus, focusing on their efficacy in i...
1 May 1996
Podiatric surgical procedures frequently involve administration of preoperative local anesthesia, and because of the nature of these blocks, it is believed that needle-free injection could greatly enhance this aspect of clinical practice. The object...
Equine anesthesia is related to high morbidity and mortality rates and recent studies suggested that the period of recovery remains the phase associated with the greatest risk of mortality in horses. Intraoperative hypotension, hypoxemia, and hyperca...
The rabbit is a popular animal model for human biomechanical research involving surgery on the hind limb. Mortality is higher in rabbits when undergoing general anesthesia compared to dogs and cats. Moreover, due to their nature as prey animals, rabb...
Lidocaine, an amide-type regional anesthetic, has been an important medication in the field of anesthesia since its clinical approval. Recently, lidocaine has emerged as a powerful immunomodulatory agent beyond its classical anesthetic properties. Th...
Euthanasia in rodents is an ongoing topic of debate due to concerns regarding the aversive nature of gases with anesthetic properties such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and isoflurane. The aim of this study was to expand upon previously published work eval...
Propofol is a broadly used intravenous anesthetic agent that can cause cardiovascular effects, including bradycardia and asystole. A possible mechanism for these effects is slowing cardiac pacemaker activity due to inhibition of the hyperpolarization...
Recently, complementary and alternative medicine have been actively employed for patients experiencing symptoms unresponsive to Western medical treatments like drug therapy. Natural compounds, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and omega fatty acids...
Dysfunction of the neuroglia can have profound consequences on the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Studies have shown that the disruption of astrocytic–endothelial interaction can compromise the permeability of BBB and its effectiveness in sel...
Background/Objectives: Electroencephalography (EEG) is increasingly used in pediatric anesthesia to detect abnormal brain activity such as burst suppression (BS), a marker of profound cortical inactivation. The objective of this study was to assess a...
Purpose: Propofol is a relatively short-acting potent anesthetic lipophilic drug used during short surgical procedures. Despite the success of propofol intravenous emulsions, drawbacks to such formulations include inherent emulsion instability, the l...
The aim of this work was to study whether epigenetic events at conception influence the formation of behavioral features found in adult rats. First generational inheritance of activity level, anxiety like behavior, and learning ability was studied. T...
Studying how spatially discrete neuroanatomical regions across the brain interact is critical to advancing our understanding of the brain. Traditional neuroimaging techniques have led to many important discoveries about the nature of these interactio...
Motivated by the culinary and ethnopharmacological use of Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen, this study aimed to unveil new chemical compounds from its essential oil (EO). Acmella oleracea, known for its anesthetic and spicy properties, has been used...
For freshwater or marine fish farming to be successful, live fish must be transported. This can be performed with eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults. Nonetheless, because of the handling, confinement, and duration of transport, it is considered a di...
Background/Objectives: Chemogenetic excitation of a distinct subset of “effector-neurons” in the brainstem mesopontine tegmental anesthesia area (MPTA) is pro-anesthetic. GABAergic general anesthetics are believed to engage these neurons...
Recently, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been actively employed for patients experiencing symptoms unresponsive to Western medical treatments like drug therapy. The natural compounds carotenoids and astaxanthin (AST) have demonstrat...
While the use of Propofol has been increasing in usage for general surgical procedures since its release to market, there has been little work done on its potential link to neurotoxicity in humans. Only recently, following the release of a warning la...
The aim of this review is to present the potential application of camphor—a bicyclic monoterpene ketone—in the prevention of skin infections. Skin diseases represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by prolonged symptoms t...
There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field,...
Trigeminal neuralgia and orofacial pain often require effective local anesthesia with minimal side effects. Puerarin (PUE), a major bioactive flavonoid derived from Pueraria lobata, has shown potential analgesic properties. This study aimed to invest...
Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) is an autosomal dominant demyelinating neuropathy characterized by an increased susceptibility to peripheral nerve injury from trauma, compression, or shear forces. Patients with this co...
The present article reviewed the pharmacologic therapies of traumatic brain injury (TBI), including current and potential treatments. Pharmacologic therapies are an essential part of TBI care, and several agents have well-established effects in TBI c...
C-arm flat-panel detector computed tomographic (CT) imaging in the angiography suite increasingly plays an important part during interventional neuroradiological procedures. In addition to conventional angiographic imaging of blood vessels, flat dete...
Eugenol (4-Allyl-2-methoxy phenol) (EUG) is a plant-derived allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, widely known for its antimicrobial and anesthetic properties, as well as the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species. It is typically used as a mixture...
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