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Fishes
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Use of Essential Oils in Aquaculture
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Use of Essential Oils in Aquaculture

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Welfare, Health and Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 599

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ronald Kennedy Luz

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Interests: recirculating aquaculture system; aquaponic systems; larviculture and reproduction of freshwater fish; fish physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Bernardo Baldisserotto

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Guest Editor
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
Interests: physiology; osmoregulation; anesthesia; antibacterials; culture of tropical freshwater fish
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing activities in the world. Its production aims to meet the market demand for both protein consumers and live and ornamental fish. Due to this growth, intensive production systems are increasingly being used, and there is a need for management procedures, such as biometrics and transportation, that can compromise the performance and welfare of aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to search for products that can be used in aquaculture to improve welfare and reduce stress. The use of natural essential oils is a trend, since they can act to promote health, growth, and improve metabolism by acting as immunostimulants, in addition to having antimicrobial and antifungal activity. They can also be used as anesthetics during handling or as a sedative in the transportation of live animals, improving water quality and reducing stress. The use of essential oils can also be a great alternative to the use of commercial and conventional products, such as medicines, that can cause environmental contamination. Therefore, the search for natural essential oils that can be used in aquaculture is necessary and fundamental for a safer and more sustainable activity.

Dr. Ronald Kennedy Luz
Prof. Dr. Bernardo Baldisserotto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • welfare
  • safe management
  • transportation
  • growth
  • anesthetic
  • stress

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 655 KiB  
Article
Short-Term Anesthesia with Clove Oil and Propofol: Physiological Responses in Persian Sturgeon (Acipenser persicus)
by Milad Adel, Seyed Pezhman Hosseini Shekarabi, Piotr Gomułka, Alireza Babaalian Amiri, Cristiana Roberta Multisanti and Caterina Faggio
Fishes 2025, 10(6), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10060286 - 11 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Anesthesia is commonly used in sturgeon aquaculture to reduce stress and pain during handling and procedures. This study compared the effects of clove oil (rich in eugenol) and propofol—an anesthetic widely used in human and veterinary medicine—on Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) [...] Read more.
Anesthesia is commonly used in sturgeon aquaculture to reduce stress and pain during handling and procedures. This study compared the effects of clove oil (rich in eugenol) and propofol—an anesthetic widely used in human and veterinary medicine—on Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fingerlings. A total of 405 fish (6.88 ± 0.90 g) were exposed to varying concentrations of clove oil (25, 50, 75, 100 mg L−1), propofol (10.0, 12.5, 25.0, 50 mg L−1), or no anesthetic (control) in triplicate. Hematocrit and monocyte levels remained unchanged across treatments, but the highest doses of both anesthetics significantly reduced leukocyte percentages (p = 0.049 and p = 0.043, respectively). While serum enzymes were stable, cortisol levels increased significantly at the highest concentrations of both clove oil (38.92 ± 5.1 ng mL−1; p = 0.001) and propofol (36.48 ± 3.4 ng mL−1; p = 0.035), indicating secondary stress responses. Propofol at 25 mg L−1 showed fast induction and recovery times and induced milder stress compared to clove oil. Overall, short-term anesthesia with both agents triggered physiological stress, but propofol at 25 mg L−1 appeared more suitable for minimizing adverse effects in Persian sturgeon fingerlings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Use of Essential Oils in Aquaculture)
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