Natural-language documents contain many causal claims, but those claims are unstable under paraphrase, granularity shifts, and contextual drift. A collection may express one mechanism in many surface forms, while neighboring studies may agree locally...
Research on causal relations in multisemiotic texts constituted by words and graphs has been scarce with only a few exceptions. In the current study, eye movement behavior was studied in seventy-six Chilean high school students, who read a set of twe...
The purpose of this article is to present grassroots concepts and ideas about “the algorithm” in the religious context. The power and causality of algorithms are based on lines of computer code, making a society influenced by “black...
This article applies Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) to four Italian Alpine contexts to examine how narratives and metaphors can shape territorial development. We combined long-term ethnography (approximately 128 days of participant observation) with a...
Marine litter is a transboundary environmental issue that affects all the world’s oceans. Marine litter research is a young discipline but one that has exploded during the last five years. However, the increased knowledge of sources and underly...
Recent studies on detecting hallucinations in summaries follow a method of decomposing summaries into atomic content units (ACUs) and then determining whether each unit logically matches the document text based on natural language inference. However,...
This research aim is to extract causal pathways, particularly disease causal pathways, through cause-effect relation (CErel) extraction from web-board documents. The causal pathways benefit people with a comprehensible representation approach to dise...
Tajikistan holds the eighth position globally in terms of hydropower potential, estimated at 527 terawatt-hours (TWh), with a technically exploitable capacity of 317 TWh. Only 4–6 percent of this immense potential is currently utilized. In this...
Algorithmic management increasingly shapes how gig work is organised, evaluated, and experienced, yet its implications for workers’ affective responses remain fragmented across the literature. This study integrates a systematic review with computatio...
This study empirically investigates how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) discourses among major Korean Business-to-Business (B2B) corporations (POSCO, LG Chem, and HD Hyundai) were reconfigured in the context of former President Trump&rsqu...
Coastal and island destinations increasingly rely on data-driven governance to manage seasonality, resource scarcity, overtourism, and climate risk. This article analyzes 30 official documents issued between 2017 and 2025 by nine Spanish and Portugue...
Causal relations allow a very detailed insight into the narrative skills of children from various backgrounds; however, their contribution has not been sufficiently studied in bilingual populations. The present study examines the expression of causal...
In the Pāli discourses of the Buddha, ‘conditioned co-origination’ (paṭicca-samuppāda) is the key insight that underpins the Buddha’s own awakening and his teaching. This paper aims to shed light on three connected a...
Wicked problems defy simple solutions. From climate change to mass shootings, their causes are not singular but systemic, interconnected, and often politicized. Yet in both public discourse and policy design, one-cause and root-cause thinking continu...
Speakers produce both referential gestures, which depict properties of a referent, and non-referential gestures, which lack semantic content. While a large number of studies have demonstrated the cognitive and linguistic benefits of referential gestu...
Established in 1917, the Spiritual Society (Lingxuehui 灵学会) centered its activities on spirit-writing (fuji 扶乩), constructing a sacred discourse through the Spiritual Chronicles (Lingxue Congzhi 灵学...
The era of big textual corpora and machine learning technologies have paved the way for researchers in numerous data mining fields. Among them, causality mining (CM) from textual data has become a significant area of concern and has more attention fr...
Republic of Korea’s total fertility rate (TFR) fell to 0.72 in 2023—the lowest globally—despite cumulative government spending exceeding USD 270 billion across four successive national plans since 2006. This study reframes this pers...
Achieving environmental sustainability remains a critical challenge for governments worldwide, particularly within the G20 bloc, due to rapid urbanization, resource-intensive industrial activities, and the environmental pressures associated with glob...
Explaining how and why housing policies change is an ongoing theoretical challenge for housing scholars. A key approach is the ‘housing regimes’ framework (Kemeny 2006), drawing from Esping-Andersen’s work on the role of labour/capi...
Why do certain frames gain prominence while others become marginalized in public discourse about emerging technologies? Existing research shows that policy adoption serves as a powerful discursive signal that shapes how issues are interpreted. Yet pr...
Climatic change and environmental degradation have become a worldwide discourse. Green innovation is commonly viewed as a means of lowering environmental pollution in the era of climate change. Considering this, the primary purpose of this study is t...
This study undertakes a comprehensive multi-country analysis to investigate the intricate relationships among climate change, cultural dynamics, and sustainable development. Leveraging a robust, unbalanced panel dataset that encompasses one hundred a...
The utopian notion that there is a time and place where perfect happiness exists is deeply rooted in Western thought and alienates people from life in the here and now. Happiness is perceived as the purpose of life. Moreover, happiness and suffering...
In the wake of numerous terror attacks around the globe, academic and popular discourse on radicalization has witnessed exponential growth in publications that, sadly, have not resulted in a coherent or consensus definition of the concept, nor have t...
This research delves into the effects of carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption on economic growth in Korea from 1980 to 2022, employing a sophisticated nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model. The study unveils pivotal findings, most...
Urban industrial heritage is increasingly embedded in urban regeneration, public space provision, and community governance, yet existing studies have insufficiently examined how heterogeneous publics perceive its value through everyday digital discou...
Floods are among Pakistan’s most common and devastating natural disasters, and they are becoming increasingly frequent and intense as a result of climate change, glacial melt, accelerated urbanisation, and weak governance. While coverage of cli...
The remarkable success of autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) is predicated on the causal attention mechanism, which enforces a static and rigid form of informational asymmetry by permitting each token to attend only to its predecessors. Whil...
The question of how to properly understand and proactively respond to life and death is a fundamental human concern and a core topic in both philosophical and religious studies. Seventeenth-century Chinese philosopher Fang Yizhi (1611–1671) hel...
The cultural discourse metaphors ‘doh beat up’ and ‘doh take it on’ in Trinidad and Tobago capture the local sentiments of releasing self-condemnation after experiencing failure, wrongdoing, or circumstances beyond one’s...
Background: Hospice refers to specialised end-of-life care that supports patients and families, making it an important area for studying how language shapes experiences and expectations of care. This study compares hospice discourse on websites in Ho...
This study introduces a four-pillar student-activity framework (Studying and Learning, Research and Projects, Personal and Career Development, and Campus and Community Life) to analyze AI’s ethical challenges in higher education. Drawing on pee...
The Shuo Wugoucheng jing shu 說無垢稱經疏 [Commentary on the Vimalakīrtinirdeśasūtra] by Ji 基 (632–682) is a systematic exposition of the concept of the Buddha-land. It not only comprehe...
Calls for evidence-based practice in wellbeing in education have expanded rapidly across research, policy and professional discourse. Yet the concept of evidence in this field often remains under-theorised and inconsistently applied. Wellbeing in edu...
Poor access to municipal water in Ahmedabad’s Muslim areas has been tied to the difficulties of implementing a planning mechanism called the town planning scheme, which, in turn, have been premised on widespread illegal constructions that have...
In Buddhist discourse, the path of healing often begins with awareness. Its crucial element, however, lies not in awareness alone, but in the direction toward which awareness is oriented and in the transformative process that follows from it. Ultimat...
As global discourse increasingly centers on environmental, social, and governance considerations, ESG investment has become a major trend in financial markets. Artificial intelligence (AI), through its rapid evolution, has exerted a transformative in...
Background: Research on social media use, fear of missing out (FoMO), sleep disturbance, and health complaints has been dominated by survey-based studies, particularly among adolescents and university students. Less is known about how users spontaneo...
The transition from the industrial economy to the knowledge-based economy has changed the status quo, and consequently, intangibles have gained traction in the scientific discourse of recent decades. The paper aims to scrutinise, econometrically, the...
In the context of growing environmental concerns and the increasing impact of the manufacturing sector on sustainability, this paper introduces the concept of “Product 4.0” (P4.0) as a novel approach to harnessing the potential of Artific...
This study examines how Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is framed in Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean English-language mainstream media during four high-salience geopolitical events (2023–2025). Methodologically, it employs a...
Wang Chong established the most extensive and complex theoretical system of fate in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, drawing upon Confucian and popular theories. The cores of Confucian and popular theories of fate lay respectively in moral cultivation...
1 July 2025
The adoption of cryptocurrency as a payment instrument by firms has sparked ongoing debates about how such strategic moves are perceived by key stakeholders. This study investigates how investors react when an e-commerce firm adds or withdraws from p...
Early Daoist cultivation is often presented through technical repertoires such as alchemy, ritual, and specialised bodily disciplines, while ethical discourse is treated as preparatory or auxiliary. This article examines how ethical practice could in...
Women have been historically underrepresented in every step of scientific enquiry and, therefore, the knowledge of female bodies is lacking. Now the tide is turning to bring focus on the role of sex and gender in human health and disease. The increas...
The proliferation of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) presents a systemic paradox within complex socio-technical systems: while enhancing efficiency, AGI may subvert human autonomy through comfort-based alignment rather than overt coercion. Alth...
22 June 2022
One of the big challenges in treating individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) is nonadherence to medication. This is the principal factor associated with a worse prognosis or outcome of the disease. This study aimed to explore and analyze the individu...
The teaching of climate change in geography is frequently reduced to a curricular content, whereas it is a systemic, multi-scalar and axiologically contested phenomenon whose understanding calls for expert geographical reasoning. This article is a co...
Psychedelic decriminalization has moved from the margins of drug-policy discourse to a mainstream public health and equity conversation. This community survey reveals that people with psychedelic experience who live in areas that have decriminalized...
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