Heavy-duty diesel engines in highway use account for more than 40% of total particulate and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions around the world. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a method with effective results to reduce this problem. This research...
Gypsum–urea is a kind of urea product with substantially reduced aqueous solubility and lower hygroscopicity that increases the soil retention time of urea and thus enhance its environmental sustainability. Here, gypsum–urea was prepared...
The structural changes during three-step synthesis of low-molar ratio urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin were tracked by quantitative 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analysis and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). Cond...
In paddy fields, overuse of nitrogen fertilizer to maximize yields can lead to excessive economic loss and degradation of the environment. Therefore, studying the effects of urea–chitosan nanohybrid as a slow released source of nitrogen fertili...
The urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system, a nitrogen oxide reduction device for diesel vehicles, is a catalytic system that uses urea water solution (UWS) as a reducing agent. This system has a relatively wide range of operating temperatur...
Cocrystallization is commonly used for its ability to improve the physical properties of APIs, such as solubility, bioavailability, compressibility, etc. The pharmaceutical industry is particularly interested in those cocrystals comprising a GRAS for...
Urea groups appear in many biomolecules and polymers. They have a significant impact on the properties of the materials because of their inherent strength and for their ability to participate in hydrogen bonds. Typically, in classical urea-based poly...
Urea at post-dialysis levels induces increased ROS in a number of cell types. The aim of this study was to determine whether urea-induced production of ROS remains elevated after urea is no longer present, and, if it does, to characterize its origin...
Freezing of urea is one of the major barriers to using the urea-SCR technique in vehicles. Therefore, urea melting-time predictions under various environmental conditions are very important. Transient numerical analysis was performed to predict the m...
Urea is used in a wide variety of industrial applications such as the production of fertilizers. Furthermore, urea as a metabolic product is an important indicator in biomedical diagnostics. For these applications, reliable urea sensors are essential...
Polymer-coated urea (PCU) was developed to better synchronize nitrogen (N) supply with crop needs and reduce N losses. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different N rates prepared using combinations of urea and ESN (PCU) on co...
The urea breath test is a non-invasive diagnostic method for Helicobacter pylori infections, which relies on the change in the proportion of 13CO2 in exhaled air. Nondispersive infrared sensors are commonly used for the urea breath test in laboratory...
This paper reports the study of rheological properties of the urea denatured soybean protein in concentrations of 10 % after 0 mol L-1 ～ 10 mol L-1 urea treatment using a programmable control revolving viscometer (Brookfield RVDV-II+/SSA-SCL27). A th...
A one-off application of bulk blend urea (BBU), which includes a controlled release urea formula and conventional urea, has been recommended to simplify fertilisation management for direct-seeded rice. However, the effects of different basal applicat...
Optimizing nitrogen (N) management is essential for improving grain yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in low-gluten wheat, yet the optimal fertilizer strategy remains unclear. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the...
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of urea and tolvaptan in the treatment of plasma sodium levels in patients with hypotonic hyponatremia. Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study...
Controlled-release urea fertilization is an innovative approach and effective means to reduce the loss of nitrogen and enhance fertilizer use efficiency to optimize crop yield while minimizing the environmental impact. The objective of this study was...
The electrochemical performance of NiCo2O4 with urea precursors was evaluated in order to develop a non-enzymatic urea sensor. In this study, NiCo2O4 nanostructures were synthesized hydrothermally at different concentrations of urea and characterized...
Combined nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilization is a good management strategy to reduce N loss and increase the efficiency of N fertilizers to achieve high grain yields and quality. Field trials for 2 yrs. (2018–2019) were conducted to evalu...
Ultra-low-formaldehyde medium-density fiberboard (MDF) is commonly produced using low-molar-ratio urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins; however, the reduced formaldehyde-to-urea ratio also lowers resin reactivity and can complicate curing. The aim of this r...
Thirteen benzylethoxyaryl ureas have been synthesized and biologically evaluated as multitarget inhibitors of VEGFR-2 and PD-L1 proteins to overcome resistance phenomena offered by cancer. The antiproliferative activity of these molecules on several...
Natural polysaccharides are polymers composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages. In their native form, these polymers may not be able to provide all the desired properties for a particular application. Thus, the functional...
This work tried to identify the influence of dosing vaporized urea solution in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. In the SCR method, optimising the urea evaporation and mixing properties can significantly improve the NOx conversion efficie...
Urea is the most used fertilizer around the world as the main source of nitrogen to soil and plants. However, the administration of nitrogen dosage is critical, as its excess can be harmful to the environment. Therefore, the encapsulation of urea to...
Controlled-release urea (CRU) is widely adopted to improve yields and nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) in rice. However, there are few studies on the effects of the mixed application of CRU and normal urea (at different N ratios) on rice yield, nitro...
The corrosion mechanism of stainless steel caused by high temperature decomposition of aqueous urea solution has been investigated. The relationship between aqueous urea solution, its thermal decomposition products and the corrosion mechanism of stai...
The application of urea in agricultural soil significantly boosts nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, the reason for nitrite accumulation, the period of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) suppression, and the main NOB species for nitrite removal be...
The consistent quality control of ultrapure water (UPW) in semiconductor manufacturing depends on removing trace organonitrogen compounds such as urea. Due to its high solubility, chemical stability, and neutral polarity, urea is inadequately removed...
The urine/urea oxidation reaction through catalysts with a higher performance in direct urea microfluidic fuel cells (DUµFC) is a promising method for power generation due to the large amount of human and animal urine containing 2–2.5 wt%...
Urea transporter (UT) proteins are a group of membrane proteins specifically facilitating the transmembrane transport of urea, primarily divided into the UT-A and UT-B subfamilies. Early studies have predominantly focused on their pivotal roles in th...
Urease is an enzyme containing a dinuclear nickel active center responsible for the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. Interestingly, inorganic models of urease are unable to mimic its mechanism despite their similarities to the enzy...
Depression is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Experimental studies suggest the role of urea toxicity in depression. We assessed both the incidence of antidepressant prescriptions and depressive symptoms (measured by CESD (Center...
Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Neritidae) is an oligohaline aquatic gastropod that inhabits most of Europe and adjacent areas of Asia. Two different ecotypes can be distinguished: One in freshwater (FW) and another along the Balt...
The focus of this paper was to identify a cheaper solvent from among diesel fuel, kerosene, sulfolane or a mixture of sulfolane and cyclohexanol for the preparation of cyanuric acid heterocyclization of urea. To obtain a higher yield, the effects of...
A simplified kinetic model for the quantitative analysis of a potentiometric, pH-based urea biosensor is presented. The device was an electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor capacitor (EISCAP) with a pH-sensitive Ta2O5 gate functionalized by...
One of the assumptions of the circular economy is the introduction of nitrogen (N) fertilizers into soil in the form of by-products, such as urea fatty fraction (UFF). Another recommended sustainable agriculture treatment is to plough post-harvest st...
Xanthones are a group of polyphenolic compounds widely known to have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. To fully utilize their therapeutic potential, this study aimed to enhance the solubil...
Fluorinated surfactants are used in a wide range of applications that involve aqueous solvents incorporating various additives. The presence of organic compounds such as urea is expected to affect the self-assembly of fluorinated surfactants, however...
Urea–nitrogen is commonly lost through ammonia (NH3) volatilization, denitrification, and nitrate (NO3−) leaching. Rejected sago starch (RSS), which is a by-product of sago flour extraction, could be used to minimize NH3 volatilization fr...
Urea is largely derived from the urea cycle reactions through hepatic detoxification of free ammonia and cleared by urination, and the serum urea level is a crucial medical indicator for measuring the kidney function in patients with nephropathy; how...
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) plants form root nodules and fix atmospheric dinitrogen, while also utilizing the combined nitrogen absorbed from roots. In this study, nodulated soybean plants were supplied with 5 mM N nitrate, ammonium, or urea for...
Novel polyester–polyurethane polymeric materials were formulated by combining a natural aliphatic polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), with a synthetic aliphatic polyurethane via melt blending. The resulting fully biodegradable compositio...
Urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizers are efficient and environmentally friendly fertilizers. They have good slow-release properties and can significantly improve the utilization rate of fertilizers. However, problems remain regarding the synthe...
Homogeneous and thin porous membranes composed of oriented fibers were obtained from wheat gluten (WG) using the electrospinning technique. SEM micrographs showed an asymmetric structure and some porosity, which, in addition to a small thickness of 4...
Ureido-functionalized compounds play an indispensable role in important biochemical processes, as well as chemical synthesis and production. Isocyanates, and KOCN in particular, are the preferred reagents for the ureido functionalization of amine-bea...
Substituted urea linkages are formed during the production of polyurethane foam. To chemically recycle polyurethane toward its key monomers via depolymerization (i.e., isocyanate), it is essential to break the urea linkages to form the corresponding...
Photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, as green and low-cost pollutant treatment technologies, have been widely used to simultaneously degrade pollutants and produce clean energy to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis....
In this study, a portable urea sensor that monitors the urea concentration in flow conditions was fabricated. We propose an electrochemical sensor that continually measures the urea concentration of samples flowing through it at a constant flow rate...
Through a combination of comparative modeling, site-directed and classical random mutagenesis approaches, we previously identified critical residues for binding, recognition, and translocation of urea, and its inhibition by 2-thiourea and acetamide i...
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