Chemistry Proceedings

6 pages, 668 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Temperature Cycle-Induced Deracemization of Cl-TAK Using Amberlyst A26: A Heterogeneous Catalyst Approach for Efficient and Reusable Racemization

by Jin Maeda, Pascal Cardinael, Gerard Coquerel and Adrian Flood

Chem. Proc. 2024, 15(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2024015004 - 26 Nov 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the feasibility of employing Amberlyst A26 as a racemizing agent for the temperature cycle-induced deracemization (TCID) of the model compound Cl-TAK (1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-one). We assessed Amberlyst A26 for its potential as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst, compatible with various solvents and [...] Read more.

This study investigates the feasibility of employing Amberlyst A26 as a racemizing agent for the temperature cycle-induced deracemization (TCID) of the model compound Cl-TAK (1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-one). We assessed Amberlyst A26 for its potential as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst, compatible with various solvents and easily separable from the solution. Racemization rates at 20 °C and 25 °C confirmed its suitability, with experiments showing that Cl-TAK undergoes racemization only in the presence of the catalyst. TCID experiments with Amberlyst A26 yielded successful deracemization, achieving an 88% enantiomeric excess from an initial 30%. These findings highlight Amberlyst A26’s viability for industrial-scale TCID applications, emphasizing reusability and cost efficiency. Full article

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47 pages, 475 KiB

Open AccessConference Report

Abstract of the 4th International Online Conference on Crystals

by Alessandra Toncelli

Chem. Proc. 2024, 15(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2024015001 - 26 Nov 2024

Abstract

The 4th International Online Conference on Crystals (IOCC 2024), Part of the International Electronic Conference on Crystals series, was held online from 18 to 20 September 2024. This is a new and improved initiative based on the experience from the first, second, and [...] Read more.

The 4th International Online Conference on Crystals (IOCC 2024), Part of the International Electronic Conference on Crystals series, was held online from 18 to 20 September 2024. This is a new and improved initiative based on the experience from the first, second, and third International Electronic Conference on Crystals. The fourth conference was organized around seven topics and related themes: Liquid Crystals, Crystal Engineering, Inorganic Crystalline Materials, Organic Crystalline Materials, Hybrid and Composite Crystalline Materials, Materials for Energy Applications, and Crystalline Metals and Alloys. The scope of this online conference is to bring together well-known worldwide experts who are currently working on Crystals to provide an online forum for presenting and discussing new results. The present report will start by providing an overview of the keynote speeches and the main axes around which the communication sessions revolve before moving on to more detailed abstracts, presenting each of the topics presented during the IOCC 2024 conference. Full article

9 pages, 5849 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Interfacial Action of Co-Doped MoS₂ Nanosheets on Directional Piezoelectric Catalytic Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species

by Win Thi Yein, Dong-Su Kim and Qun Wang

Chem. Proc. 2024, 15(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2024015003 - 18 Nov 2024

Abstract

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with single- and odd-numbered layers is a novel piezocatalyst, and its piezocatalytic molecular oxygen activation is considered a promising and low-cost strategy for environmental remediation. In this study, the odd-numbered layers of Co-doped MoS₂ ultrathin nanosheets were [...] Read more.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with single- and odd-numbered layers is a novel piezocatalyst, and its piezocatalytic molecular oxygen activation is considered a promising and low-cost strategy for environmental remediation. In this study, the odd-numbered layers of Co-doped MoS₂ ultrathin nanosheets were successfully fabricated, which decomposed tetracycline by 99.8% in 15 min through shaking vibration. Moreover, to verify the enhanced piezoelectric catalytic activity of MoS₂ via the doping effect, molecular oxygen activation properties were predicted through DFT calculation and monitored by generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) evolution. In addition, the primary reactive species responsible for the degradation of tetracycline pollutants were also investigated in detail. Full article

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8 pages, 1588 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Integrated Computational Approach to Rational Drug Design Targeting SIK2/3: From Theory to Practice

by Eid Youssef Eid Rashed and Alisa Gorislav

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20241 - 15 Nov 2024

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive approach to designing and optimizing small molecule inhibitors targeting Salt-Inducible Kinases 2 and 3 (SIK2 and SIK3), crucial regulators of cellular signaling pathways implicated in various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. By integrating advanced computational methods [...] Read more.

This study presents a comprehensive approach to designing and optimizing small molecule inhibitors targeting Salt-Inducible Kinases 2 and 3 (SIK2 and SIK3), crucial regulators of cellular signaling pathways implicated in various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. By integrating advanced computational methods and expert-driven chemical synthesis, we generated a diverse library of potential inhibitors and meticulously evaluated their pharmacological properties and binding affinities to SIK2. Through a rigorous analysis of generated data and molecular docking simulations, we successfully identified lead compounds with promising therapeutic potential. Subsequently, employing iterative chemical modifications guided by human expertise, we further optimized these leads, enhancing their efficacy and specificity. Additionally, employing molecular dynamics simulations provided valuable mechanistic insights into the dynamic behavior of optimized compounds within the complex biological environment, elucidating their potential as effective inhibitors of SIK2 activity. Our findings underscore the efficacy and significance of an integrated computational and experimental approach in the development of novel therapeutics targeting SIK2 and SIK3. By bridging computational predictions with experimental validation, this approach not only accelerates the drug discovery process but also increases the likelihood of identifying clinically relevant compounds. Furthermore, the insights gained from this study lay a solid foundation for future preclinical and clinical investigations, paving the way for the development of effective treatments for diseases associated with dysregulated SIK2 and SIK3 signaling pathways. Full article

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1422 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Computational and Spectroscopic Approach to Elucidate the Coordination Structures in Iron–Catechol Polymers

by Matías Capurso, Gabriel Radivoy, Fabiana Nador and Viviana Dorn

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20208 (registering DOI) - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

Coordination polymer particles (CPPs) with catechol functionalities present significant potential for various applications. To elucidate their structural features, we synthesized CPPs using bidentate bis-catechol and catechol–pyridine ligands and employed both computational and spectroscopic techniques. The results reveal distinct coordination environments: a four-center coordination [...] Read more.

Coordination polymer particles (CPPs) with catechol functionalities present significant potential for various applications. To elucidate their structural features, we synthesized CPPs using bidentate bis-catechol and catechol–pyridine ligands and employed both computational and spectroscopic techniques. The results reveal distinct coordination environments: a four-center coordination for catechol–catechol and an octahedral coordination for catechol–pyridine. Experimental UV-Vis, IR, and Raman spectroscopic analyses confirmed these findings, further supporting the accuracy of the computational model. Full article

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2990 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Case Study on Utilising Soy and Whey Protein Polymers: Advances in Enteric Coatings for Improved Delayed-Release Pharmaceuticals

by Enas Bshena, Abdalrahem Shtawa, Sarra Takita and Magdi Mussa

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20156 (registering DOI) - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

An enteric coating plays a crucial role in preventing the disintegration of pharmaceutical dosage forms in the stomach. This is particularly important for drugs unstable at an acidic pH or designed to act in the small intestine. While conventional synthetic polymers have been [...] Read more.

An enteric coating plays a crucial role in preventing the disintegration of pharmaceutical dosage forms in the stomach. This is particularly important for drugs unstable at an acidic pH or designed to act in the small intestine. While conventional synthetic polymers have been widely used for enteric coatings, there is growing interest in exploring naturally derived proteins as an alternative. This study focused on two natural polymers: soy protein and whey protein isolates, first by determining the gastro-resistance properties of films prepared from these proteins. Then, appropriate casting solutions were developed to create polymeric films, and their resistance to acidic pH was evaluated using disintegration tests. Second, crate drug pellets coated with the most effective protein-based film were previously prepared, and their performance was assessed using the USP apparatus I (basket). The results demonstrated that the coated pellets (SA and SAG) exhibited excellent gastro-resistance properties. Specifically, the percentage release of the coated pellets met the USP criteria: less than 10% release in the first 2 h under acidic conditions, followed by at least 80% release within 45 min in the buffer phase. In contrast, uncoated pellets showed immediate release, with over 69% of the dye released during the initial 2 h. Notably, the SA and SAG-coated pellets demonstrated remarkable resistance to acidic pH, releasing only 1% and approximately 2% of the dye faster than uncoated pellets. These findings highlight the potential of SA and SAG coating films for efficient delayed release or enteric coating applications. Full article

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6 pages, 222 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Phytochemical Screening and Inflammatory Activity Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra Root

by Amina Tabet Zatla and Amina Hammoudi

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20148 - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) belongs to the family Fabaceae and has a long story in traditional medicines and folk remedies to treat inflammation, arthritis, gastrointestinal problems and dyspepsia, Consequently, there is ongoing research into novel plants and herbal compounds possessing anti-inflammatory properties, aiming to [...] Read more.

Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) belongs to the family Fabaceae and has a long story in traditional medicines and folk remedies to treat inflammation, arthritis, gastrointestinal problems and dyspepsia, Consequently, there is ongoing research into novel plants and herbal compounds possessing anti-inflammatory properties, aiming to uncover more potent alternatives while mitigating the potential toxicities associated with conventional anti-inflammatory medications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root, in order to find new and more effective agents for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the protein denaturation method using the standard drug Diclofenac. The phytochemical constituents identified were flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, with flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols being the most abundant. The results showed that the Hydroalcoholic extract of G. glabra root has a very good inhibitory effect, with percentages of 81%, at a concentration of 10 g/L compared to Diclofenac (61.3%). Hydroalcoholic extract of roots exhibit attractive anti-inflammatory properties, which can be attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites of different classes of compounds and can, therefore, be considered a promising candidate for future application as alternative therapeutic agents, particularly in the development of anti-inflammatory drugs. Full article

7 pages, 4197 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Molecular Docking and Dynamics of a Series of Aza-Heterocyclic Compounds Against Penicillin-Binding Protein 2a of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

by Karen Astrid Ortiz-Vargas, Rsuini Uri Gutierrez-Aguilar, Judit Araceli Avina-Verduzco, Hugo A. Garcia-Gutierrez, Julio Cesar Ontiveros-Rodriguez, Rafael Herrera-Bucio and Pedro Navarro-Santos

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20221 - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium known to cause mild to severe and potentially fatal infections such as endocarditis, sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, and bacteremia, among others. The methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) arose because the bacterium acquired an additional penicillin-binding protein by [...] Read more.

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium known to cause mild to severe and potentially fatal infections such as endocarditis, sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, and bacteremia, among others. The methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) arose because the bacterium acquired an additional penicillin-binding protein by lateral gene transfer, known as penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a). It is responsible for cross-linking peptidoglycan chains in the formation of the bacterial cell wall, and it is a deathly pathogen because it can infect almost all sites in the body; thus, the development of novel PBP2a inhibitors and the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium is vital. In this work, a systematic study of molecular docking and molecular dynamics was carried out to determine the stability of a set of ligands, aza-heterocyclic compounds, against PBP2a, analyzing their RMSD, H-bonds interactions, and binding free energy. In addition, the pharmacokinetic properties are discussed, finding that our proposed ligand 5 is the most promising compound in terms of stability and energetic results. Full article

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6 pages, 366 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

In Silico Studies of Khellin and Related Furochromenes by Modified POM Analysis

by Renata Gašparová

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20203 - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

POM (Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration) analysis and related in silico tools are well-established methods used to evaluate the potential of molecules to become drug candidates by predicting their biological activity and calculating various physicochemical properties, ADME parameters, or toxicity. Khellin 1 is a well-known component of [...] Read more.

POM (Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration) analysis and related in silico tools are well-established methods used to evaluate the potential of molecules to become drug candidates by predicting their biological activity and calculating various physicochemical properties, ADME parameters, or toxicity. Khellin 1 is a well-known component of the Ammi visnaga (khella) plant used for centuries in folk medicine for the treatment of urinary tract pain associated with kidney stones. Modern medicine has found the importance of khellin in the treatment of psoriasis, angina pectoris, or vitiligo. However, the oral use of khellin is limited by its potential adverse effects, such as dizziness, constipation, headache, itching, or lack of appetite. Many natural or synthetic furopyrrole derivatives have been extensively studied and reported to possess numerous biological effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, or antimicrobial. The present in silico study is aimed at revealing the most promising drug candidates based on favorable pharmacokinetic parameters and toxicological characteristics. A modified POM analysis of sixteen furochromenes was performed using Molinspiration, Osiris, and SwissADME software. Studied structures were selected due to the modifications of the khellin skeleton. Substitution of the furan or pyran ring, modification of one or both methoxy groups, or hydrogenation of one or both heterocyclic rings were included. The results of this preliminary in silico investigation suggest all furopyrroles have good oral bioavailability and a high level of gastrointestinal absorption. The bioactivity score prediction shows their ability to act predominantly as ion channel modulators or enzyme inhibitors. All compounds exhibit a low risk of being irritants; nine of them exhibit a low risk of being mutagenic, tumorigenic, or having reproductive effects. Full article

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6 pages, 1051 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Fast Phthalate Detection in Textile Samples: A LC-MS/MS Screening Method Using Precursor Ion Scans

by Natalia Aldegunde-Louzao, Manuel Lolo-Aira and Carlos Herrero-Latorre

Chem. Proc. 2024, 16(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20150 - 14 Nov 2024

Abstract

Phthalate esters (PAEs), commonly known as phthalates, are widely used as plasticizers in the textile industry to improve the flexibility, transparency, and durability of various materials. However, the potential adverse health effects associated with them (such as endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and possible [...] Read more.

Phthalate esters (PAEs), commonly known as phthalates, are widely used as plasticizers in the textile industry to improve the flexibility, transparency, and durability of various materials. However, the potential adverse health effects associated with them (such as endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and possible carcinogenicity) require strict control measures. In this work, a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine phthalates in textile samples. By using precursor ion scans (specifically the precursor ion 149, characteristic of phthalates), the procedure improved the specificity of the analysis. The developed method was successfully applied to different textile samples, and the results obtained were comparable to those from the official gas chromatography method (GC-MS/MS). The proposed method enables the rapid and effective detection of phthalates in quality control laboratories within the textile industry. Full article

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1 pages, 157 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Statement of Peer Review

by Mihaela Doni, Florin Oancea and Radu Claudiu Fierăscu

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013033 - 12 Nov 2024

Abstract

In submitting conference proceedings to Chemistry Proceedings, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

141 KiB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Kumar et al. Numerical and Experimental Modeling of Paper-Based Actuators. Chem. Proc. 2021, 5, 15

by Ashutosh Kumar, Hojat Heidari-Bafroui, Amer Charbaji, Nasim Rahmani, Constantine Anagnostopoulos and Mohammad Faghri

Chem. Proc. 2021, 5(1), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2021005092 - 19 Mar 2024

Abstract

Text Correction [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Chemical Sensors and Analytical Chemistry)

8 pages, 1670 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

The Preparation and Characterization of Different Types of Eggshells Acidified with Acetic Acid

by Eliza-Gabriela Brettfeld, Daria-Gabriela Popa, Raluca Somoghi, Cristian Andi Nicolae, Adrian Birtas, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei and Florin Oancea

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013032 - 21 Dec 2023

Abstract

This paper investigates the acidification of eggshells of different origins with acetic acid. The acidification process was investigated for conventional and organic eggshells generated from the production of liquid eggs in the food industry and hatched eggshells from egg incubators. The acidified eggshell [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the acidification of eggshells of different origins with acetic acid. The acidification process was investigated for conventional and organic eggshells generated from the production of liquid eggs in the food industry and hatched eggshells from egg incubators. The acidified eggshell materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results demonstrate that each type of investigated eggshell generates different nanostructures due to slight variations in their composition and this indicates potential applications: as a source of calcium supplements or to produce a snow-melting agent or CO₂ adsorbent. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

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7 pages, 1320 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Preparation of Ceramic Granules Enriched with Silicon Extracted from Reeds

by Mălina Deșliu-Avram, Luiza Capră, Ioana Tudor, Carmen Lupu, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei, Orsolya Csilla Raduly, Mariana Pătrașcu and Florin Oancea

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013031 - 20 Dec 2023

Abstract

This article presents the microwave-assisted extraction of biosilica from common reed (Phragmites australis) biomass and the utilization of the resulting aqueous extract to enrich porous ceramic granules based on diatomaceous earth and bentonite from white wine cleaning. The enriched porous ceramic [...] Read more.

This article presents the microwave-assisted extraction of biosilica from common reed (Phragmites australis) biomass and the utilization of the resulting aqueous extract to enrich porous ceramic granules based on diatomaceous earth and bentonite from white wine cleaning. The enriched porous ceramic granule generated a solution of soluble silicon that was +23.4 ± 2.2 more concentrated than the porous ceramic granules not enriched with reed extract. The water reactivity of Si-O-Si groups is higher in the polysilicic acid formed via the polycondensation of silicic acid extracted from reed, compared to the Si-O-Si group from diatomaceous earth or bentonite. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

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9 pages, 2892 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Optimization of an Experimental Model for Microalgae Cultivation with CO₂ Fixation

by Eliza-Gabriela Brettfeld, Daria-Gabriela Popa, Corina-Ioana Moga, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei and Florin Oancea

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013030 - 20 Dec 2023

Abstract

Microalgae cultivation is a promising approach for sustainable CO₂ fixation. This work describes the optimization of a laboratory-scale experimental model for microalgae cultivation under CO₂ supplementation. The experimental model was developed using a stirred clear glass reactor, white LED strips, connection [...] Read more.

Microalgae cultivation is a promising approach for sustainable CO₂ fixation. This work describes the optimization of a laboratory-scale experimental model for microalgae cultivation under CO₂ supplementation. The experimental model was developed using a stirred clear glass reactor, white LED strips, connection system caps with three ports, tubes, valves, regulators, and N₂-CO₂ compressed gas cylinder. Three microalgae strains were used: Raphidocelis subcapitata ATCC22662, Desmodesmus communis NIVA-CHL 7, and Chlorella sorokiniana NIVA-CHL 176. The appropriate medium for cultivation of each of these strains was selected. The optimized experimental model demonstrated the positive influence of CO₂ supplementation on microalgae growth, particularly for Chlorella sorokiniana. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

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7 pages, 2057 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Bioaugmentation Performance of a Bacterial Consortium for Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Treating Municipal Wastewater

by Eliza-Gabriela Brettfeld, Oana-Andreea Cheoafa, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei and Florin Oancea

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013029 - 20 Dec 2023

Abstract

A compatible microbial consortium with a high organic pollutant degradation ability, which includes a gram-positive Brevibacillus parabrevis B50 NCAIM B 001413 bacterial strain and a gram-negative Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana P32 NCAIM (P) B 001414 bacterial strain, was selected using high-throughput screening techniques. The compatible [...] Read more.

A compatible microbial consortium with a high organic pollutant degradation ability, which includes a gram-positive Brevibacillus parabrevis B50 NCAIM B 001413 bacterial strain and a gram-negative Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana P32 NCAIM (P) B 001414 bacterial strain, was selected using high-throughput screening techniques. The compatible microbial consortium, encapsulated in alginate beds, was used to inoculate moving bed biofilm reactors from a small municipal wastewater treatment plant. The bioaugmentation performance of the inoculated consortium was evaluated by determining the water quality parameters before inoculation and one month after bioaugmentation treatment. The removal of organic matter was enhanced after treatment with the selected microbial consortium. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

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6 pages, 781 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Preparation of a Veterinary Supplement That Reduces Aflatoxin B₁ Availability

by Mălina Deșliu-Avram, Carmen Lupu, Simona Rotaru, Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei, Radian Nicolae Negrilă and Florin Oancea

Chem. Proc. 2023, 13(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemproc2023013028 - 20 Dec 2023

Abstract

This work describes the preparation of a veterinary supplement based on diatomaceous earth, chemically hydrolyzed proteins, and essential oils, which are applicable for protecting monogastric animals against the mycotoxin contamination of cereal-based feeds. The veterinary supplement comprises 54.5–55% diatomaceous earth, 40.5–41% hydrolyzed proteins [...] Read more.

This work describes the preparation of a veterinary supplement based on diatomaceous earth, chemically hydrolyzed proteins, and essential oils, which are applicable for protecting monogastric animals against the mycotoxin contamination of cereal-based feeds. The veterinary supplement comprises 54.5–55% diatomaceous earth, 40.5–41% hydrolyzed proteins (whey protein concentrate and soybean protein isolate), 2.4–2.5% oregano essential oils, 0.6–0.7% NaCl, and 1.6% CaCl₂. The preparation process includes alkaline thermal hydrolysis of proteins, followed by emulsification of the essential oil with protein hydrolysate and granulation with diatomaceous earth. The veterinary supplement prepared in this work reduces the availability of aflatoxin B₁ in a simulated gastric fluid by 82.7 ± 4.43%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Exploratory Workshop "Innovative Cross-Sectoral Technologies", Vth Edition, Secvent Project Meeting)

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7 pages, 3851 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

^99mTc-Selenium-NPs as SPECT Tracers: Radio Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

by Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Mohd. Faheem, Amit Jaiswal, Malleswari Ponnala, Sanjay Gambhir and Manish Dixit

Chem. Proc. 2023, 14(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-27-16172 - 14 Dec 2023

Abstract

As the usage of nano-sized complexes in biomedical applications has grown significantly over the past ten years, nanoparticles are now playing a significant role in the enhancement and revolution of medical applications. It may be due primarily to the novel and exceptional electrical, [...] Read more.

As the usage of nano-sized complexes in biomedical applications has grown significantly over the past ten years, nanoparticles are now playing a significant role in the enhancement and revolution of medical applications. It may be due primarily to the novel and exceptional electrical, optical, photo-responsive, and catalytic capabilities displayed by particles with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm. The radiolabelled nanoparticles refer to the process of incorporating radioactive isotopes into nanoparticles. This technique enables the nanoparticles to be tracked, imaged and monitored using various imaging techniques, such as Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) or Positron Emission Tomography (PET). They play a crucial role in understanding the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and targeted delivery of nanoparticles to biological systems. In this study, selenium-based nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were explored for imaging potential as these are usable due to their size, surface, and kinetics, as well as their ability to be functionalised. The ^99mTechnicium (^99mTc) radionuclide was used to radiolabel the bio-inspired highly dispersed over grown endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum selenium NP using conventional radiochemistry protocol. The radiolabelling yield was found to be 94.5 ± 3% and analysed by various analytical tools. The synthesized ^99mTc-Se-NPs were assessed through In-vitro stability, and their In-vivo biodistribution was performed. The accumulation of post six-hour data was primarily seen in the liver (around 3.4% ID/g) and lungs (about 2.2% ID/g). These Se-NPs can be used as an imaging agent for lung and liver disorders because these NPs quickly pass through the kidneys are expelled via urine and show a long retention time in the body. These properties of ^99mTc-Se-NPs can be used for non-invasive imaging via SPECT. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 27th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry)

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3 pages, 533 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

The Reaction of 1,6-Diamino-4-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine- 3,5-Dicarbonitriles with Certain Electrophilic Agents

by Alexei A. Dolganov, Alexandra R. Chikava and Victor V. Dotsenko

Chem. Proc. 2023, 14(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-27-16081 - 6 Dec 2023

Abstract

The reaction of 1,6-diamino-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles, which are easily available through the reaction of cyanoacetohydrazide with arylmethylene malononitriles, with ninhydrin leads to the formation of novel dihydroindeno[1,2-e]pyrido[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazines. Another active carbonyl compound, glyoxal, reacts with 1,6-diamino-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles under mild conditions to give functionalized 6-oxo-6H-pyrido[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazine-7,9-dicarbonitriles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 27th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry)

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Chemistry Proceedings

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ECSOC 2023

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Priochem 2023

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IOCC 2022

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