Increasing product complexity, shorter development cycles and cross-domain integration demands pose significant challenges for modern race car engineering teams. In Formula Student teams, heterogeneous toolchains, manual data exchange, late system in...
This paper presents a new stainless-steel exhaust manifold system designed for a Formula Student racing car. The exhaust system meets the Formula Student regulations and is designed to be mounted on a 600 cc engine. Special consideration was given to...
When it comes to racing applications, the primary engineering goal is to increase the performance envelope of the vehicle for a given set of tires. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to maximize the normal loads on the wheels while at the same tim...
This study addresses the challenge of optimizing energy management in the electric vehicle industry, specifically focusing on motorsport. It particularly targets optimizing energy management during an endurance event at the Formula Student competitio...
The use of impact attenuators (IA) is important for vehicles as they absorb the kinetic energy exerted from the car crashes to protect the drivers from any possible injuries. Under the framework of the Formula Student (FS) competition, we investigate...
Autonomous driving has been a topic of great interest in several areas, of which motor racing is no exception. The aim of this work is the autonomous control of the future Formula Student Lisboa vehicle, by implementing different strategies for contr...
This work presents a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis of a drag reduction system (DRS) used in a Formula Student competition vehicle, focusing on the interaction between the triple wing elements, as well as on the electrical actuators used...
The design and optimization of drive distribution strategies are critical for enhancing the performance of Formula Student electric racing cars, which face demanding operational conditions such as rapid acceleration, tight cornering, and variable tra...
In the high-performance environment of Formula Student Car racing, effective battery thermal management is crucial for safety, reliability, and performance. This work presents the design and validation of a lightweight, air-based Battery Cooling Syst...
Formula Student (FS) competitions aim to prepare and encourage engineering students to participate in the progression of automotive and motorsport industries. The built racing cars adhere to strict regulations set by competition guidelines to ensure...
During car races, strong vibrations appear in the chassis of the vehicle, due to the high power created by the engine which are then transmitted and, therefore, affect the driver’s condition. The study of these vibrations is a subject frequentl...
The proliferation of electric vehicle (EV) technology is an important step towards a more sustainable future. In the current work, two-layer feed-forward artificial neural-network-based machine learning is applied to design soft sensors to estimate t...
The development of modern vehicles faces an increase in complexity, as well as a need for shorter development cycles and a seamless cross-domain integration. In order to meet these challenges, a graph-based design language which formalizes and automa...
The optimal configuration of perception systems in autonomous vehicles is essential for accurate environmental sensing, precise navigation, and overall operational safety. In Formula Student Driverless (FSD) vehicles, sensor placement is particularly...
A numerical impact study is presented on a Formula Student (FS) racing car carbon composite nose cone. The effect of material model and model parameter selection on the numerical deceleration curves is discussed in light of the experimental decelerat...
The steering knuckle is a crucial component of student racing vehicles, designed by the Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (FSAE). Developing a lightweight (LW) vehicle that meets the requirements of the student formula car presents a challenge....
Passive safety systems of cars include parts on the structure that, in the event of an impact, can absorb a large amount of the kinetic energy by deforming and crushing in a design-controlled way. One such energy absorber part, located in the front s...
With the rapid development of Formula Student competitions, higher demands are being placed on the vehicle performance of race cars. To further enhance vehicle performance, this study investigates the optimization of three key indicators: maximum spe...
Accurate and efficient environmental perception is essential for autonomous vehicles. For autonomous Formula Student electric vehicles, reliable 3D traffic-cone detection is critical for track-boundary reconstruction and downstream path planning. How...
In the context of automated driving, Electric Power Steering (EPS) systems represent an enabling technology. They introduce the ergonomic function of reducing the physical effort required by the driver during the steering maneuver. Furthermore, EPS g...
In this research, we present a novel approach for cone clustering, path planning, and path visualization in autonomous Formula Student race cars, utilizing the YOLOv8 model and a ZED 2 camera, executed on a Jetson Orin computer. Our system first iden...
This paper presents a torque controller for the energy optimization of the powertrain of an electric Formula Student race car. Limited battery capacity within electric race car designs requires energy management solutions to minimize lap time while s...
Part 1 of this paper summarizes the application of the IPG CarMaker 11.0 software for lap-time simulation and optimization. The goal is to use the IPG CarMaker on a given track for the optimization of the aerodynamics package parameters and the drag...
This paper deals with the design of an upright using a topological optimization. This type of optimization is a relatively young and rapidly evolving area of computational mechanics that seeks to make multiple material savings that cannot be achieved...
Origami-shaped composite structures are currently being explored for their ability to absorb energy in a progressive and controlled manner. In vehicle passive safety applications, this prevents the occurrence of peak forces that could potentially cau...
Designing low-voltage (LV) power distribution systems for mass-sensitive electric vehicles involves several unresolved technical challenges, including parasitic
This article summarises the development and experience of the Formula Student race car engine from 2018. According to the technical rules of Formula Student after the change in 2017, this engine adopts a new design concept, employs a 690-mL single-cy...
Background: Breastfeeding is the ideal source of nutrition for babies. Despite its benefits, breastfeeding practices and attitudes vary across cultures, influenced by societal norms, education, and personal experiences. This article shows the attitud...
This study presents the development and implementation of an electronically actuated steering system in a Formula Student Driverless race car, aiming to support autonomous driving capability. A DC motor with a belt-drive mechanism was integrated into...
This article presents the aerodynamic investigation and further development of a Formula Student race car wing system. The major aims were to design and analyze aerodynamic performance (downforce, lift coefficient, with the numerical model additional...
In this paper, we present the adaptation of the terminal component learning-based model predictive control (TC-LMPC) architecture for autonomous racing to the Formula Student Driverless (FSD) context. We test the TC-LMPC architecture, a reference-fre...
A novel, multi-disciplinary approach is presented where experiments, system simulation and Computational Fluid Dynamics are combined for the electrical and thermal characterization of an air-cooled battery pack. As a case study, a Formula Student rac...
It is increasingly common for simulation and AI tools to aid in the vehicle design process. The IPG CarMaker uses a multibody vehicle model and a learning algorithm for the virtual driver. The goal is to discover the behavior of the learning algorith...
This article explores the accessibility of symbolic computations, such as using the Wolfram Mathematica environment, in promoting the shift from informal experimentation to formal mathematical justifications. We investigate the accuracy of computatio...
In this contribution, we first present a new recursion relation fulfilled by the linearization coefficients of Bessel polynomials (LCBPs), which is different than the one presented by Berg and Vignat in 2008. We will explain why this new recursion fo...
This paper discusses the generalized Black-Scholes-Merton model, where the volatility coefficient, the drift coefficient of stocks, and the interest rate are time-dependent deterministic functions. Together with it, we make the assumption that the vo...
Background and Aims: The gold standard method for measuring resting energy expenditure (REE) is indirect calorimetry (IC) using an expensive device that requires specialized training. To overcome the limitations of IC, REE prediction formulas are use...
19 November 2021
The teaching of algebra at the secondary school level has faced a great revolution during the last 50 years. While previously, it was focused on technicisms and pure syntactic rules, the most modern trends recommend using a functional approach to alg...
Background: School ergonomics is a subject of growing interest for the scientific community due to the health problems that it is associated with in students, mainly asymmetries in the spine due to the use of chairs and desks that are inadequate for...
In this paper, we surveyed the influence of learn effectiveness in a computer course under the factors of learning attitude and learning problems for students in senior-high school. We followed the formula for a regression line as R = A + BX +&epsilo...
Previous studies of integral calculus have mainly explored students’ conceptual and procedural knowledge; only a few have focused on students’ metacognition in relation to integral calculus. The study reported here explored students&rsquo...
Classical methods for manually solving internal forces in statically indeterminate structures mainly include force and displacement methods. While the force method involves substantial work when solving the internal forces of structures with higher d...
The aim of this paper is to analyze third-year secondary school students’ knowledge of breastfeeding and intention to breastfeed their children, based on the results of a questionnaire. The respondents were 154 students (101 female/43 male) of two se...
Budget and cost are two of the problems that cannot be ignored when conducting a measure study. Based on the application of generalizability theory, combined with Lagrange multiplier, this paper explores how many students and items are optimal for te...
In this paper, the torsional stiffness simulation and validation process for a fully electric Formula Student car are reported. The optimization of the performance and efficiency of the cars affects various aspects of both the powertrain and the car...
Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) (FSAE) is a student design competition organized by SAE International (previously known as the Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE). Commonly, the student team performs a lap simulation as a point mass,...
Readability formulas are mathematical functions that assess the ‘difficulty’ level of a given text. They play a crucial role in aligning educational texts with student reading abilities; however, existing models are often not tailored to...
The perception that teachers have of cultural diversity is essential when it comes to the educational attention given to immigrant students. The objective is to determine how teachers perceive students’ cultural diversity and families’ co...
From 1 to 3 October 2008 the Formula Electric and Hybrid Italy took place in the Safety Testing Center of Fiat Group Automobiles in Orbassano (TO), Italy. This fourth edition of Formula EHI, an international competitive demonstration of research outc...
In mathematics, and in learning mathematics, representations (texts, formulae, and figures) play a vital role. Eye-tracking is a promising approach for studying how representations are attended to in the context of mathematics learning. The focus of...
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