European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

16 pages, 1196 KB

Open AccessArticle

Cyber Child-to-Parent Violence and Child-to-Parent Violence: Bidirectional Trajectories and Associated Longitudinal Risk Factors

by Sara Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Ainara Echezarraga and Joana Del Hoyo-Bilbao

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(10), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15100190 - 23 Sep 2025

Abstract

Offline forms of violence are evolving into their online counterparts. The aim of this study was to examine cyber child-to-parent violence by (1) analyzing its bidirectional relationships with offline CPV and distress, (2) identifying individual risk factors (distress and substance abuse) and family-related [...] Read more.

Offline forms of violence are evolving into their online counterparts. The aim of this study was to examine cyber child-to-parent violence by (1) analyzing its bidirectional relationships with offline CPV and distress, (2) identifying individual risk factors (distress and substance abuse) and family-related risk factors (exposure to family violence, parental ineffectiveness, parental impulsivity, and punitive discipline) regarding Cyber-CPV, (3) examining individual and family-related risk factors for CPV and (4) evaluating the moderating role of substance abuse in the relationship between distress and Cyber-CPV. The study sample consisted of 1034 adolescents (M_age = 15.05; SD = 1.53), who completed the measures at two time points, six months apart. The results show bidirectional relationships between Cyber-CPV and distress. Furthermore, CPV significantly predicted the occurrence of Cyber-CPV over time. Moreover, substance abuse predicted Cyber-CPV and moderated the association between distress and Cyber-CPV; this association was strengthened under high levels of substance abuse. Additionally, both substance abuse and punitive discipline predicted CPV. This study highlights the predominant role of individual factors in Cyber-CPV, and it provides pioneering insights into the related variables of this emerging form of intrafamilial violence mediated by digital technologies, thus laying the groundwork for future research. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

33 pages, 360 KB

Open AccessArticle

Mind the Gap: Sex-Specific Drivers of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Uptake in Serbian University Students

by Vida Jeremić Stojković, Stefan Mandić-Rajčević, Dejana Vuković, Mila Paunić, Snežana Stojanović Ristić, Marija Obradović and Smiljana Cvjetković

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 189; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090189 - 19 Sep 2025

Abstract

Despite proven effectiveness, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake remains suboptimal in many countries. The aim of this study was to explore differences in beliefs about HPV and HPV vaccination, the information environment and social influences shaping vaccination decisions between male and female undergraduate [...] Read more.

Despite proven effectiveness, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake remains suboptimal in many countries. The aim of this study was to explore differences in beliefs about HPV and HPV vaccination, the information environment and social influences shaping vaccination decisions between male and female undergraduate university students in Belgrade, and to identify sex-specific factors associated with HPV vaccine uptake. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and December 2024. An online questionnaire was completed by 1529 female and 423 male students who were either receiving their second or third dose of the nonavalent HPV vaccine, or accessing general healthcare services at the general medicine department of the Institute for Students’ Health of Belgrade. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to identify predictors of HPV vaccine uptake in male and female students. Among female students, HPV vaccine uptake was associated with stronger beliefs in vaccine efficacy (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.50–2.69) and safety (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.69–3.10), lower perceived lack of information (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.60–0.84), and social influence of family members, (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.04–2.03), colleagues (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.01–2.59) and media (OR = 1.92, CI: 1.10–3.37). Among male students, vaccine uptake was associated with stronger beliefs in vaccine efficacy (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.37–3.34), lower perceived lack of information (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52–0.98), more frequent reliance on scientific literature (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.15–1.97) and family (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.07–1.75) and less frequent use of YouTube (OR = 0.70, CI: 0.53–0.92) as sources of information, and social influence of family (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.03–3.24). This study highlights significant sex differences in factors influencing HPV vaccine uptake, indicating that tailored approach is required in designing vaccine promotion strategies. Strengthening communication on efficacy and safety, improving access to reliable information, and addressing sex-specific concerns such as safety and financial barriers in females and misinformation in males could improve uptake and equitable HPV protection. Full article

14 pages, 356 KB

Open AccessArticle

Emotional Regulation and Risk of Eating Disorders in Adolescent Athletes

by Silvia P. Espinoza-Barrón, Abril Cantú-Berrueto, María Á. Castejón and Rosendo Berengüí

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090188 - 18 Sep 2025

Abstract

Eating Disorders (EDs) are more prevalent among athletes due to performance pressure and body ideals. Emotional regulation is a key factor in ED. This study aimed to (1) examine the reliability and structural validity of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents [...] Read more.

Eating Disorders (EDs) are more prevalent among athletes due to performance pressure and body ideals. Emotional regulation is a key factor in ED. This study aimed to (1) examine the reliability and structural validity of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA) in adolescent Mexican athletes, and (2) analyze associations between emotional regulation strategies (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal) and ED risk factors (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and bulimia). An instrumental, cross-sectional design was employed with 295 Mexican athletes (Mage = 16.85, SD = 3.27). The ERQ-CA demonstrated good psychometric properties, with acceptable reliability (ω > 0.70) and excellent fit for the two-factor model (CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.018). Emotional suppression was positively associated with all ED risk indicators, whereas cognitive reappraisal was negatively associated. These findings highlight that individual differences in emotion regulation are linked to ED risk in adolescent athletes. Monitoring expressive suppression and promoting cognitive reappraisal may serve as supportive strategies for coaches, parents, and mental health professionals, enhancing emotional flexibility and potentially reducing ED risk. Full article

14 pages, 266 KB

Open AccessArticle

Psychometric Evaluation of the Impulsive-Compulsive Behaviours Checklist (ICB) in a Spanish Prison Population

by Francisca López-Torrecillas, Isabel Ramírez-Uclés, F. Pablo Holgado-Tello and Lucas Muñoz-López

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090187 - 18 Sep 2025

Abstract

Impulsivity and compulsivity are key transdiagnostic constructs implicated in addictive and criminal behaviors, often overlapping under the broader concept of behavioral dysregulation. While impulsivity has been widely assessed using experimental tasks and self-report measures, few tools specifically target compulsivity in forensic populations. This [...] Read more.

Impulsivity and compulsivity are key transdiagnostic constructs implicated in addictive and criminal behaviors, often overlapping under the broader concept of behavioral dysregulation. While impulsivity has been widely assessed using experimental tasks and self-report measures, few tools specifically target compulsivity in forensic populations. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Impulsive-Compulsive Behaviours Checklist (ICB) in a prison sample. The ICB was administered to 700 incarcerated men (mean age = 37.33 years) following a rigorous translation and back-translation procedure, along with pilot testing for clarity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a stable two-factor structure consistent with theoretical expectations. Internal consistency was satisfactory (McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79–0.80), and convergent validity was supported by significant correlations with the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44), the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). These findings support the Spanish ICB as a valid and reliable tool for assessing impulsive and compulsive traits in forensic contexts. Its use may enhance the identification of differentiated clinical profiles and inform targeted interventions for mental health and reintegration in prison populations. Full article

21 pages, 330 KB

Open AccessArticle

Psychosocial Risks and Protective Factors for Healthcare Worker Burnout During the Post-Acute Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic

by Kristīne Dūdiņa and Baiba Martinsone

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 186; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090186 - 16 Sep 2025

Abstract

Burnout is a critical problem among healthcare professionals worldwide, but nationally representative data on psychosocial factors associated with burnout are lacking for Latvia’s hospital system. This study investigated twofold aims: first, it examined the association between job-related demands, psychosocial resources, and burnout in [...] Read more.

Burnout is a critical problem among healthcare professionals worldwide, but nationally representative data on psychosocial factors associated with burnout are lacking for Latvia’s hospital system. This study investigated twofold aims: first, it examined the association between job-related demands, psychosocial resources, and burnout in a representative sample of Latvian hospital staff; and second, it tested whether specific resources buffer or amplify the impact of excessive workload. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4756 healthcare workers across 30 inpatient institutions in Latvia. Participants completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III and the Burnout Assessment Tool; regression and moderation analyses were used. Burnout was positively associated with longer working hours, multiple job-holding, and psychosocial demands such as emotional strain, time pressure, and work–life conflict. Several resources, including support from colleagues, supervisor support, recognition, sense of belonging, supervisor evaluation, and especially resources for quality work, were associated with lower burnout and weakened the relationship between workload and burnout. In contrast, high autonomy, meaning at work, organizational justice, and role conflict amplified this association. These findings suggest that in resource-constrained healthcare systems, some job resources may be associated with increased risk of burnout. Effective interventions should address both structural and relational factors to mitigate burnout among healthcare workers. Full article

12 pages, 589 KB

Open AccessArticle

Manipulation and Instability: Exploring Machiavellianism and Borderline Personality Similarities and Differences

by Bruno Bonfá-Araujo, Christian Blötner, András Láng and Julie Aitken Schermer

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090185 - 12 Sep 2025

Abstract

Machiavellianism and borderline personality are known for influencing interpersonal dynamics through manipulative behaviors. Machiavellianism is characterized by calculated, egotistic, and callous manipulation, while borderline personality involves emotionally driven impulsive manipulation due to instability and fear of abandonment. In this study, we explored the [...] Read more.

Machiavellianism and borderline personality are known for influencing interpersonal dynamics through manipulative behaviors. Machiavellianism is characterized by calculated, egotistic, and callous manipulation, while borderline personality involves emotionally driven impulsive manipulation due to instability and fear of abandonment. In this study, we explored the relationships of the two constructs with respect to broader personality constructs. Adult participants (N = 1011; Mage = 49.08 years, SD = 17.15) completed two measures each for Machiavellianism and borderline personality and a single inventory measuring the Big Five personality traits. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to investigate subgroups within the data. Machiavellianism was more strongly negatively associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness, while borderline personality traits were more strongly linked to neuroticism (more positively), agreeableness, and conscientiousness (both more negatively). Two distinct latent profiles emerged. Based on these findings, we suggest that Machiavellianism can align with either adaptive or maladaptive functioning, whereas a combination of Machiavellianism and borderline personality traits underscores a tendency towards manipulative behaviors with emotional instability. We suggest that future research build upon our findings by investigating concrete manipulative acts predicted by borderline personality and Machiavellianism. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 921 KB

Open AccessArticle

Media Exposure and Vicarious Trauma: Italian Adaptation and Validation of the Media Vicarious Traumatization Scale and Its Impact on Young Adults’ Mental Health in Relation to Contemporary Armed Conflicts

by Giorgio Maria Regnoli, Gioia Tiano and Barbara De Rosa

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090184 - 12 Sep 2025

Abstract

In recent years, psychological research has increasingly focused on the impact of media exposure on mental health, identifying young adults as particularly vulnerable due to their high levels of media engagement. To explore these effects, the construct of Media Vicarious Traumatization (MVT) has [...] Read more.

In recent years, psychological research has increasingly focused on the impact of media exposure on mental health, identifying young adults as particularly vulnerable due to their high levels of media engagement. To explore these effects, the construct of Media Vicarious Traumatization (MVT) has been introduced as an extension of vicarious traumatization, aimed at capturing the psychological impact of emotionally intense media content. MVT offers a relevant framework for understanding the mental health risks of media exposure, especially in relation to socially significant issues like war, now central in contemporary media discourse. This study aims to culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the Media Vicarious Traumatization Scale (MVTS) within the Italian context, and to investigate the relationship between the war-related MVT construct, generalized anxiety, and future anxiety among young adults. Study I, conducted on a sample of 250 participants (M = 22.40, SD = 2.63), explored the latent structure of the MVTS using Parallel Analysis and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), yielding promising psychometric properties in terms of reliability and factorial stability. An independent sample of 553 participants (M = 22.43, SD = 2.37) was recruited for Study II to confirm the MVTS’s latent structure via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), which indicated good model fit. This study also evaluated measurement invariance across gender, internal consistency, and convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity, alongside psychometric properties assessed through Item Response Theory (IRT). The results of both studies confirm the stable and robust psychometric properties of the scale. Furthermore, Study II provides novel insights into the predictive role played not only by the war-related MVT but also by the recently introduced construct of Worry about War in exacerbating both generalized anxiety and future anxiety among Italian young adults. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

43 pages, 829 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Burden of the Past: A Systematic Review of Childhood Trauma and Mental Health in Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Individuals

by Giulia Di Fini, Cristina Civilotti, Annalisa Bolognino, Gabriele Einaudi, Mariateresa Molo, Fabio Veglia, Gabriella Gandino and Sarah Finzi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 183; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090183 - 12 Sep 2025

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are critical determinants of long-term psychological and physiological health outcomes. Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals are at increased risk for ACEs, including family rejection, peer victimization, and systemic discrimination. Despite the growing body of research on this topic, [...] Read more.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are critical determinants of long-term psychological and physiological health outcomes. Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals are at increased risk for ACEs, including family rejection, peer victimization, and systemic discrimination. Despite the growing body of research on this topic, an updated synthesis of recent literature is needed to understand the evolving landscape of ACE-related risks and protective factors in TGNC populations. This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, examined studies published between 2020 and 2024 that were related to the association between ACEs and mental health outcomes in TGNC individuals. A comprehensive database search yielded 6124 articles, 42 of which met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction focused on the type of ACEs reported, associated mental health outcomes, resilience factors, and clinical implications. The results showed that TGNC individuals are significantly more likely to experience childhood maltreatment, including emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as transphobia-specific ACEs such as forced gender conformity and identity denial. These experiences are associated with an increased risk of depression, PTSD, suicidality, and substance use disorders. Family rejection was found to be a critical risk factor, while social support, gender-specific care, and self-efficacy showed protective effects. The reviewed studies emphasize the urgent need for trauma-informed and gender-affirming mental health interventions to mitigate the effects of ACEs on TGNC individuals. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 382 KB

Open AccessArticle

Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI-FR) in Teachers

by Ester Grau-Alberola and Hugo Figueiredo-Ferraz

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 182; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090182 - 10 Sep 2025

Abstract

The Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing burnout in Latin America, and several European countries. Based on a theoretical model, the SBI comprises 20 items distributed across four dimensions: Enthusiasm Toward the Job, Psychological Exhaustion, [...] Read more.

The Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing burnout in Latin America, and several European countries. Based on a theoretical model, the SBI comprises 20 items distributed across four dimensions: Enthusiasm Toward the Job, Psychological Exhaustion, Indolence, and Guilt. Unlike traditional frameworks, the SBI incorporates guilt as a central factor, providing a more comprehensive understanding of burnout. The present study aimed to validate the French version of the instrument (SBI-FR) in a sample of 373 French teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the adequacy of the four-factor structure with satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.057, 90% CI, GFI = 0.911, NFI = 0.909, CFI = 0.948, AIC = 451.824). All items showed acceptable psychometric properties, and reliability coefficients were adequate across the four dimensions. These results support the SBI-FR as a valid and reliable tool for assessing burnout among teachers in France. Furthermore, the inclusion of guilt contributes to theoretical advances in the conceptualization of burnout, enabling the distinction between guilt-prone and non-guilt-prone profiles. Overall, this study offers empirical evidence for the cross-cultural applicability of the SBI and highlights its relevance as an alternative instrument for diagnosing burnout, particularly in educational settings. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 349 KB

Open AccessArticle

Cardiovascular Health, Assessed by Life’s Essential 8, Is Associated with Lower Risk of Disability Among Older, Community-Dwelling Men and Women

by Xin Li, Yichen Jin, Stefania Bandinelli, Luigi Ferrucci, Toshiko Tanaka and Sameera A. Talegawkar

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090181 - 8 Sep 2025

Abstract

Our study examined the associations between overall cardiovascular health (CVH) and the risk of disability in older adults over 16 years of follow-up. Data from the InCHIANTI study were used and included 928 participants aged 65 years and older. Overall CVH was measured [...] Read more.

Our study examined the associations between overall cardiovascular health (CVH) and the risk of disability in older adults over 16 years of follow-up. Data from the InCHIANTI study were used and included 928 participants aged 65 years and older. Overall CVH was measured using the “Life’s Essential 8” (LE8) metric. Disability status was assessed by the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Higher overall LE8 score at baseline was associated with lower risks of having the first ADL among males (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.66, p = 0.001) and IADL disability event (HR = 0.89, p = 0.016) using the Cox proportional hazards model. Higher LE8 scores were also associated with ADL (odds ratio [OR] (females) = 0.80, p = 0.034; OR (males) = 0.55, p < 0.001) and IADL worsening (OR = 0.72, p < 0.001) using Generalized Estimating Equation models. Among older adults, better CVH assessed by the LE8 metric was associated with lower risk of ADL and IADL disabilities and their worsening over time. These findings underscore the importance of promoting CVH as a key strategy to support healthy aging and reduce disability burden. Public health interventions that target CVH components may be effective in preserving functional independence among older populations. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 3183 KB

Open AccessArticle

Self-Regulation Mediates the Relationship Between Stress and Quality of Life in Shift-Working Healthcare Professionals: Behavioral Clustering Insights

by Mohammed F. Salahuddin, Jessica Walker, Ernesto Hernandez Zambrana, Vibhuti Gupta, Kwanghee Jung, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal and Md Dilshad Manzar

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090180 - 6 Sep 2025

Abstract

The psychological mechanisms through which occupational stress impacts quality of life remain underexplored in shift-working healthcare professionals, a population exposed to unique stressors such as circadian disruption, high cognitive demands, and irregular work schedules. This study examined whether executive self-regulation mediates the relationship [...] Read more.

The psychological mechanisms through which occupational stress impacts quality of life remain underexplored in shift-working healthcare professionals, a population exposed to unique stressors such as circadian disruption, high cognitive demands, and irregular work schedules. This study examined whether executive self-regulation mediates the relationship between perceived stress and quality of life in a sample of 82 shift-working healthcare professionals. Participants completed validated self-report measures, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), Executive Skills Questionnaire–Revised (ESQ-R), and Quality of Life Scale (QOLS). Mediation analysis using 5126 bias-corrected bootstrapped samples revealed that perceived stress significantly predicted self-regulation difficulties, which in turn were associated with diminished quality of life. Self-regulation demonstrated an indirect-only mediation effect in both directions, though the forward path (stress → self-regulation → QOL) showed a stronger effect (indirect effect = −0.79; 95% CI: −1.63, −0.17), compared to the reverse path (QOL → self-regulation → stress; indirect effect = −0.04; 95% CI: −0.08, −0.01). Unsupervised K-means clustering identified three distinct behavioral clusters: resilient, low-strain, and high-strain, providing further support for personalized targeted interventions. These findings highlight self-regulation as a central mechanism through which stress affects quality of life and underscore the need for interventions that strengthen executive functioning in shift-based healthcare settings. Full article

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

35 pages, 646 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Psychology of EdTech Nudging: Persuasion, Cognitive Load, and Intrinsic Motivation

by Stefanos Balaskas, Ioanna Yfantidou, Theofanis Nikolopoulos and Kyriakos Komis

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090179 - 6 Sep 2025

Abstract

With increasing digitalization of learning environments, concerns regarding the psychological effect of seductive interface design on the motivational level and cognitive health of learners have been raised. This research investigates the effects of certain persuasive and adaptive design elements, i.e., Perceived Persuasiveness of [...] Read more.

With increasing digitalization of learning environments, concerns regarding the psychological effect of seductive interface design on the motivational level and cognitive health of learners have been raised. This research investigates the effects of certain persuasive and adaptive design elements, i.e., Perceived Persuasiveness of Platform Design (PPS), Frequency of Nudge Exposure (NE), and Perceived Personalization (PP), on intrinsic motivation in virtual learning environments (INTR). We draw on Self-Determination Theory, Cognitive Load Theory, and Persuasive Systems Design to develop and test a conceptual model featuring cognitive overload (COG) and perceived autonomy (PAUTO) as mediating variables. We used a cross-sectional survey of university students (N = 740) and used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. The findings show that all three predictors have significant impacts on intrinsic motivation, with PP as the strongest direct predictor. Mediation analyses produced complementary effects for NE and PP in that these traits not only boosted motivation directly, but also autonomy, and they decreased cognitive overload. Alternatively, PPS showed competitive mediation, boosting motivation directly but lowering it indirectly by increasing overload and decreasing autonomy. Multi-Group Analysis also revealed that such effects differ by gender, age, education, digital literacy, exposure to persuasive features, and use frequency of the platform. The results underscore the imperative for educational technology design to reduce cognitive load and support user control, especially for subgroups at risk. Interface designers, teachers, and policymakers who are interested in supporting healthy and ethical digital learning environments are provided with implications. This work is part of the new generation of research in the field of the ethical design of impactful education technologies, focusing on the balance between motivational-enabling functions and the psychological needs of users. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 897 KB

Open AccessArticle

Underachievement Risks and Profiles of Psychological Variables Among High-Ability Adolescents from Hong Kong, The Netherlands, Taiwan, and The United Kingdom

by Edmund T. T. Lo, Marjolijn van Weerdenburg, Joanne M. Williams, Enyi Jen, Lianne Hoogeveen, Stella W. Y. Chan, Kuen Fung Sin and Ho Nam Cheung

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 178; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090178 - 4 Sep 2025

Abstract

Background: High-ability students, despite their potential, may underachieve academically. The existing literature suggests the presence of subtypes, such as perfectionistic or creative high-ability students, who underachieve for different reasons. However, empirical work identifying these profiles and linking them to underachievement remains limited. Methods: [...] Read more.

Background: High-ability students, despite their potential, may underachieve academically. The existing literature suggests the presence of subtypes, such as perfectionistic or creative high-ability students, who underachieve for different reasons. However, empirical work identifying these profiles and linking them to underachievement remains limited. Methods: We analyzed self-reported data by 930 high-ability adolescents across Hong Kong, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom. We conducted a pre-registered confirmatory latent profile analysis on five dispositions theoretically relevant to underachievement: creativity, academic self-efficacy, self-regulation, perfectionistic standards, and self-criticism. We examined how these profiles related to underachievement risk, measured by academic performance and self-perceived underachievement. Results: Four profiles emerged. Two aligned with underachievement-related theories, namely the “self-satisfied” profile (low self-criticism, high self-regulation and creativity; prevalent in Asia) and the “maladaptively perfectionistic” profile (high self-criticism but low creativity, academic self-efficacy, and self-regulation; prevalent in Western Europe). Academic performance did not differ across profiles. However, adolescents in the “self-satisfied” profile were less likely to self-perceive as underachievers, while those in the “maladaptively perfectionistic” group were more likely. Interestingly, self-perception as underachievers in both profiles was positively linked with academic performance. Conclusions: These findings provide empirical evidence on subtypes among high-ability students that may differentially present underachieving risks. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 991 KB

Open AccessArticle

Post-Traumatic Stress in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Time Perspective Between Trauma Exposure, PTSD Symptoms, and Cannabis Use

by Alexander Pütz, Gerhard Hapfelmeier, Alexandra Martin, Stephan Bender and Marco Walg

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090177 - 1 Sep 2025

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) are associated with an imbalanced time perspective (TP) as well as with unhealthy substance use. Although neurodevelopmental processes during adolescence may impact PTSS, most etiological models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are derived from studies with adults and neglect [...] Read more.

Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) are associated with an imbalanced time perspective (TP) as well as with unhealthy substance use. Although neurodevelopmental processes during adolescence may impact PTSS, most etiological models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are derived from studies with adults and neglect possible distinctive characteristics in adolescent PTSD. This study examined possible direct and mediated relations between exposure to potentially traumatic experiences (EPTEs) and PTSS with TP as a potential mediator. In addition, the study investigated the direct and indirect effects of EPTE, TP, and PTSS on cannabis use. The aim of this study was to investigate whether findings from adult studies can be transferred to adolescent PTSD. One hundred and five patients between 14 and 20 years of age were recruited from child and adolescent psychiatric units. They answered questionnaires to assess EPTE, PTSS, TP, and cannabis use. Participants with clinically relevant PTSS showed imbalanced TP with a high orientation to negative past and a low orientation to positive past and future. Higher EPTE was associated with higher level of PTSS, but TP mediated the level of PTSS in this relation. PTSS predicted the frequency of cannabis use. It may therefore be beneficial to consider TP in PTSD therapy with the aim of reducing deviation from balanced TP and PTSS and preventing comorbid substance use. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 462 KB

Open AccessArticle

Fostering Teachers’ Work Engagement: The Role of Emotional Self-Efficacy Toward One’s Own Emotions, Professional Self-Efficacy, and Job Resources

by Alessio Tesi, Andrea Baroncelli, Carolina Facci, Antonio Aiello and Enrica Ciucci

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 176; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090176 - 29 Aug 2025

Abstract

The present cross-sectional study explored the synergic role of self-report measures of emotional self-efficacy toward one’s own emotions (i.e., the extent to which individuals perceive themselves as confident and effective in managing their emotions), professional self-efficacy, and job resources on work engagement among [...] Read more.

The present cross-sectional study explored the synergic role of self-report measures of emotional self-efficacy toward one’s own emotions (i.e., the extent to which individuals perceive themselves as confident and effective in managing their emotions), professional self-efficacy, and job resources on work engagement among 589 in-service teachers coming from public kindergartens, elementary schools, and middle schools. A hierarchical linear regression approach including a three-way interaction analysis revealed that (a) the two forms of teachers’ self-efficacy were uniquely and positively associated with work engagement, and (b) emotional self-efficacy toward one’s own emotions was positively associated with work engagement, especially at low (vs. high) levels of both professional self-efficacy and job resources. The results were discussed framing the job demands–resources model and stressing the importance of taking care of both personal and professional teachers’ self-efficacy, especially when the school environment lacks job resources. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 290 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study on Italian and American University Students’ Psychological Symptoms and the Predicting Role of Personality Traits

by Sara Guidotti, Gabriella Coscioni and Carlo Pruneti

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090175 - 29 Aug 2025

Abstract

(1) Background: This study aimed to compare psychological symptoms between Italian university students and American college students, considering both external (e.g., nationality) and internal variables (e.g., gender, age, and personality traits) potentially associated with mental health status. (2) Methods: A total of 201 [...] Read more.

(1) Background: This study aimed to compare psychological symptoms between Italian university students and American college students, considering both external (e.g., nationality) and internal variables (e.g., gender, age, and personality traits) potentially associated with mental health status. (2) Methods: A total of 201 Italian students from the University of Parma and 214 American students from Boston College were recruited. Participants completed the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) and the 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF). Group comparisons were conducted on socio-demographic and psychological variables using chi-square and independent samples t-tests. Subsequently, hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed separately for each sample to identify personality traits that predict psychological symptoms, while controlling for gender and age. (3) Results: Both samples scored above the clinical cut-off on all SQ symptom scales. American students reported significantly higher levels of depression and hostility. Across both groups, psychological distress was primarily predicted by high tension and low emotional stability, with personality traits explaining a greater proportion of variance than nationality. Traits related to social interaction and emotional regulation also emerged as significant predictors. (4) Conclusions: Identifying personality profiles that are more vulnerable to psychological symptoms may support the development of early identification strategies and targeted prevention programs in university settings. Full article

16 pages, 733 KB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Measure the Meaning of Life (MLS)

by Esvin Aldair Guevara-Tantalean, Anthony Brayham Tantaleán-Arteaga, Bruno Francesco Arévalo-García and Denis Frank Cunza-Aranzábal

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090174 - 29 Aug 2025

Abstract

The concept of meaning of life is of considerable significance to the Peruvian population, functioning as a protective factor that mitigates the occurrence of self-destructive behaviors. It constitutes a vital element of mental health, fostering personal development, adaptability to change, psychological well-being, life [...] Read more.

The concept of meaning of life is of considerable significance to the Peruvian population, functioning as a protective factor that mitigates the occurrence of self-destructive behaviors. It constitutes a vital element of mental health, fostering personal development, adaptability to change, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and optimism. The aim of this research was to develop and validate the Meaning of Life Scale (MLS) designed for the Peruvian population. This study involved 646 individuals aged between 18 and 69 years. One dimension was used, called the Presence of Life Meaning, and both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out, along with a reliability analysis. The results supported a unifactorial model with adequate indices (χ²(2) = 2.391, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.998, TLI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.025, SRMR = 0.016) and high internal consistency (α = 0.878, ω = 0.878). The findings of this study offer preliminary evidence of the validity and reliability of the MLS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Positive Resources to Promote Well Being in Educational and Work Contexts and in Career Trajectories)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 731 KB

Open AccessReview

Latent Variable Statistical Methods for Longitudinal Studies of Multi-Dimensional Health and Education Data: A Scoping Review

by Meiyang Hong, Jane E. Harding and Gavin T. L. Brown

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090173 - 28 Aug 2025

Abstract

(1) Background: Most studies including health data have relied on reducing all variables to manifest scores, ignoring the latent nature of variables. Moreover, relying only on manifest variables is a limitation of longitudinal studies where identical measures cannot be collected at each time [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Most studies including health data have relied on reducing all variables to manifest scores, ignoring the latent nature of variables. Moreover, relying only on manifest variables is a limitation of longitudinal studies where identical measures cannot be collected at each time point. (2) Objective: This scoping review aims to identify latent variable statistical methods for longitudinal studies of multi-dimensional health and educational data investigating early health predictors of long-term educational outcomes and developmental trajectories that lead to better or worse than expected outcomes. (3) Eligibility criteria: We included peer-reviewed health and education journal articles, doctoral theses, and book chapters of longitudinal studies of children under 12 years of age that adopted latent variable, multivariate analysis of three or more waves of data. We only included full-text-available, English-written articles, without restriction on date of publication. (4) Sources of evidence: We searched five databases, Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science, and identified 4836 publications for screening. (5) Results: After title, abstract, and full-text screening, nine studies were included in the review, reporting seven statistical methods. These methods were categorised into two groups—variable-oriented modelling and person-oriented modelling. (6) Conclusions: Variable-oriented modelling methods are useful for determining predictors of long-term educational outcomes. Person-oriented modelling methods are effective in detecting trajectories to better or worse than expected outcomes. (7) Registration: Open Science Framework. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 654 KB

Open AccessArticle

Control-Oriented and Escape-Oriented Coping: Links to Social Support and Mental Health in Early Adolescents

by Megan Cherewick, Madison R. Davenport, Rinzi Lama, Priscilla Giri, Dikcha Mukhia, Roshan P. Rai, Christina M. Cruz and Michael Matergia

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2025, 15(9), 172; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe15090172 - 27 Aug 2025

Abstract

This study examined the factor structure of the Kidcope and its associations with social support, psychological symptoms, and mental wellbeing among early adolescents (ages 10–14) in Darjeeling, India. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor structure: control-oriented and escape-oriented coping. Multivariable regression and structural [...] Read more.

This study examined the factor structure of the Kidcope and its associations with social support, psychological symptoms, and mental wellbeing among early adolescents (ages 10–14) in Darjeeling, India. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor structure: control-oriented and escape-oriented coping. Multivariable regression and structural equation models indicated escape-oriented coping was associated with higher emotional symptoms (b = 3.19; p ≤ 0.001) and peer problems (b = 1.43; p ≤ 0.003), whereas control-oriented coping was linked with lower conduct problems (b = −1.11; p = 0.006), and hyperactivity (b = −1.28; p = 0.001). Control-oriented coping also correlated with higher mental wellbeing (b = 11.59; p = 0.004), prosocial behavior (b = 0.50; p ≤ 0.001), and resilience (b = 4.49; p ≤ 0.001). Results suggest control-oriented coping mediates 23% of the total effect of social support on psychological difficulties and 15% on resilience. Findings highlight early adolescence as a sensitive window for strengthening coping skills to protect mental health and enhance wellbeing in high-adversity settings. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Description

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

Latest Articles

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Highly Accessed Articles

Latest Books

E-Mail Alert

News

Topics

Conferences

Special Issues

Topical Collections

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI