Imperfections due to the manufacturing process can significantly affect the local fatigue strength of the bulk material in cast aluminium alloys. Most components possess several sections of varying microstructure, whereat each of them may inherit a d...
Automated legacy code modernization using Large Language Models lacks rigorous evaluation frameworks and multi-objective quality assessment methodologies. Existing research suffers from three critical deficiencies: single-metric evaluation paradigms...
Manufacturing process based imperfections can reduce the theoretical fatigue strength since they can be considered as pre-existent microcracks. The statistical distribution of fatigue fracture initiating defect sizes also varies with the highly-stres...
Size effects concern the anomalous scaling of relevant mechanical properties of materials and structures over a sufficiently wide dimensional range. In the last few years, thanks to technological advances, such effects have been experimentally detect...
The study verifies the sensitivity of selected construction materials (S235JR structural steel and 1.4301 stainless steel) to the statistical size effect. The P–S–N curves were determined experimentally under high-cycle fatigue conditions...
The scaling of the strength of composite parts with part size is referred to as the size effect. In the presence of notches, stress concentration affects a portion of material that increases with the notch size. Furthermore, in woven composites, the...
This study investigated the size effect on the bending strength (modulus of rupture—MOR) of dimension lumber of Northeast China larch (Larix gmelinii); providing a basis for the further application in light wood frame construction. Experimental and s...
Statistical significance varies depending on the sample size. Therefore, when the sample size is sufficient, even differences that affect the total variation very little may be statistically significant. For this reason, it is very important to repor...
Background and Objectives: Adolescent smoking is influenced by sociodemographic and psychological factors, including emotional and conduct problems. Understanding how sample size impacts the interpretation of these associations is critical for improv...
Background/Objectives: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the term used to describe a pathology (dysfunction and pain) in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). There is an apparent upward trend in the publication of dental resea...
20 June 2017
The Evidence-Based Practice approach is based on the use of scientific research in decision-making in an effort to produce the best possible services in clinical practice. The knowledge level about effect size statistics and meta-analysis studies may...
The paper makes a case that the current discussions on replicability and the abuse of significance testing have overlooked a more general contributor to the untrustworthiness of published empirical evidence, which is the uninformed and recipe-like im...
This paper advocates the systematic use of effect size measures—such as Cohen’s d and Cliff’s
Spider silks present extraordinary mechanical properties, which have attracted the attention of material scientists in recent decades. In particular, the strength and the toughness of these protein-based materials outperform the ones of many man-made...
Robust statistical analysis is essential for advancing evidence-based nutrition research, particularly when investigating the complex relationships between dietary exposure and health outcomes. Multiple regression is a widely used analytical techniqu...
Air pollution is a substantial menace, especially in industrialized urban zones, which affects the balance of the environment, life of vital organisms and human health. Besides the main causes of air pollution such as dense urbanization, poor quality...
Evaluating the brittleness of rocks or rock masses is a fundamental problem in geotechnical engineering. This study proposed a new index that expresses brittleness as the rate of damage development in rock. The brittleness index was derived from stat...
This paper presents the results obtained for plain concrete beams under four-point bending with spatially varying material properties. Beams of increasing length but constant depth were analyzed using the stochastic finite element method. Spatial flu...
Metals in small volumes display a strong dependence on initial conditions, which translates into size effects and stochastic mechanical responses. In the context of crystal plasticity, this amounts to the role of pre-existing dislocation configuratio...
The removal of necrotic and vital pulp substrates and microorganisms and their toxins from the root canal system (RCS) has been found to be the basis for a successful endodontic treatment. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of passive...
In both theoretical and applied research, it is often of interest to assess the strength of an observed association. Existing guidelines also frequently recommend going beyond null-hypothesis significance testing and reporting effect sizes and their...
In recent decades, the agricultural sector has witnessed rapid technological interventions from field to the production stage. Thus, the importance of these technological interventions must be strictly evaluated. The traditional statistical method of...
Herein, we present a tool called Evident that can be used for deriving effect sizes for a broad spectrum of metadata variables, such as mode of birth, antibiotics, socioeconomics, etc., to provide power calculations for a new study. Evident can be us...
It is widely believed that one of the main causes of the replication crisis in scientific research is some of the most commonly used statistical methods, such as null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). This has prompted many scientists to call f...
The present paper investigates flaw strength distributions established using various flexural tests on batches of SiC bar test specimens, namely four-point bending as well as three-point bending tests with different span lengths. Flaw strength is pro...
For studying the finite-size behavior of the Ising model under different boundary conditions, we propose an alternative to the standard transfer matrix technique approach based on Abelès theorem and Chebyshev polynomials. Using it, one can eas...
31 December 2009
Epidemiological studies often produce false positive results due to use of statistical approaches that either ignore or distort time. The three time-related issues of focus in this discussion are: (1) cross-sectional vs. cohort studies, (2) statistic...
Optimally sizing grid cells is a relevant research issue in landslide susceptibility evaluation. In fact, the size of the adopted mapping units influences several aspects spanning from statistical (the number of positive/negative cases and prevalence...
Background: Sample size estimation is an essential step in the design of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating a treatment effect. Sample size is a critical variable in determining statistical significance and, thus, it significantly influen...
Electrochemical electrodes comprise multiple phenomena at different scales. Several works have tried to model such phenomena using statistical techniques. This paper proposes a novel process to work with reduced size images to reconstruct microstruct...
We present a thorough numerical analysis of the relaxational dynamics of the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick spherical model with an additive non-disordered perturbation for large but finite sizes N. In the thermodynamic limit and at low temperatures,...
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in both the manufacturing and service sectors have been viewed as an important driving force behind the rapid economic growth in China. There are multiple factors that drive the success of SMEs. In this paper...
The aim of this study was to identify future research trends in fascia-related investigations, as well as to develop new effect size thresholds for between-group differences, along with sample size calculations and statistical power estimations speci...
Purpose: The main aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (MA) was to assess the effectiveness of online behavior modification techniques (e-BMT) in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: We conducted a search of Medline (Pu...
The ability of cells to adhere to substrates is an important factor for the effectiveness of biotechnologies and bioimplants. This research demonstrates that the statistical distribution of the sizes of the cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) attached t...
In traditional research, repeated measurements lead to a sample of results, and inferential statistics can be used to not only estimate parameters, but also to test statistical hypotheses concerning these parameters. In many cases, the standard error...
In the present study, the effects of operating parameters, namely, rotor speed, feed rate, and inlet air velocity, on the cut diameter of a cage-type separator were studied. The design of experiments (DOE) method was used to investigate the relations...
Pragmatic trials aim to assess intervention efficacy in usual patient care settings, contrasting with explanatory trials conducted under controlled conditions. In aging research, pragmatic trials are important designs for obtaining real-world evidenc...
The problem tackled is the determination of sample size for a given level and power in the context of a simple linear regression model. The standard approach deals with planned experiments in which the predictor X is observed for a number n of times...
Sample size estimation is a key issue for validating land cover products derived from satellite images. Based on the fact that present sample size estimation methods account for the characteristics of the Earth’s subsurface, this study develope...
Both electronic and phononic statistical and thermal properties, modulated by the quantum size effect, are suggested in a thin metal film. In order to show the quantum size effect of specific heat, the densities of the electron and phonon states of a...
The p-value has long been the standard for statistical significance in scientific research, but this binary approach often fails to consider the nuances of statistical power and the potential for large sample sizes to show statistical significance de...
Over the years, several studies have been carried out to investigate how the statistics of annual discharge maxima vary with the size of basins, with diverse findings regarding the observed type of scaling (i.e., simple scaling vs. multiscaling), esp...
Gwet’s first-order agreement coefficient (AC
A variety of ways to detect problems in small sample social science surveys has been discussed by a variety of authors. Here, several new approaches for detecting anomalies in large samples are presented and their use illustrated through comparisons...
Tensile strength of concrete is the basic property when estimating the cracking resistance of the structure and when analysing fracture processes in concrete. The most common way of testing tensile strength is the Brazilian method. It has been notice...
Testing for mediation, or indirect effects, is empirically very important in many disciplines. It has two obvious symmetries that the testing procedure should be invariant to. The ordered absolute t-statistics from two ordinary regressions are maxima...
Crossover trials are specifically designed to evaluate treatment effects within individual participants through within-subject comparisons. In a standard AB/BA crossover trial, participants are randomly allocated to one of two treatment sequences: ei...
Sandy areas occupy a huge amount of land worldwide, but due to their characteristics, they are mostly low in fertility and low in organic matter. Sandy soils have coarse texture, high saturated hydraulic conductivity, low soil organic carbon, and poo...
Traditionally, dosage for pediatric patients has been optimized using simple weight-scaled methods, but these methods do not always meet the requirements of children. To overcome this discrepancy, population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling of size and...
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