Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation remains difficult when the source count is unknown, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low, or several sources are closely spaced. This paper proposes the Forward Sort-and-Gather Alignment Network (FSA-Net) for j...
Microphone-array direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimators must cope with changes in array layout, sensor availability, and the number of active sources. We present GCPR-DOA, a geometry-conditioned pair representation that encodes each cross-spectral pai...
Source counting is the key procedure of autonomous detection for underwater unmanned platforms. A source counting method with local-confidence-level-enhanced density clustering using a single acoustic vector sensor (AVS) is proposed in this paper. Th...
Speech processing algorithms, especially sound source localization (SSL), speech enhancement, and speaker tracking are considered to be the main fields in this application. Most speech processing algorithms require knowing the number of speakers for...
In this paper a Bayesian method is proposed to estimate dynamic origin–destination (O–D) demand. The proposed method can synthesize multiple sources of data collected by various sensors, including link counts, turning movements at intersections, flow...
15 October 2014
Exposure studies rely on detailed characterization of air quality, either from sparsely located routine ambient monitors or from central monitoring sites that may lack spatial representativeness. Alternatively, some studies use models of various comp...
This paper presents the results of an attenuation model for remote depth estimation of buried radioactive wastes using a Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detector. Previous research using an organic liquid scintillator detector system showed that the mod...
In this paper, we consider the problem of state-of-charge estimation for rechargeable batteries. Coulomb counting is a well-known method for estimating the state of charge, and it is regarded as accurate as long as the battery capacity and the beginn...
The measurement of the growth rate, or the so-called inverse period, of a nuclear reactor is crucial for safety monitoring and control purposes. Due to the inevitable statistical fluctuation of neutron flux at low power-levels, it is difficult to pre...
Sound source localization in dynamic environments with multiple moving speakers presents significant challenges due to reverberation, noise, and unknown source counts. To address these issues, this paper proposes an integrated deep-learning framework...
All established models in transportation engineering that estimate the numbers of trips between origins and destinations from vehicle counts use some form of a priori knowledge of the traffic. This paper, in contrast, presents a new origin–dest...
Globally, renewable energy-based power generation is experiencing exponential growth due to concerns over the environmental impacts of traditional power generation methods. Microgrids (MGs) are commonly employed to integrate renewable sources due to...
We performed differential number counts down to 4.25 sigma using ALMA Band 3 calibrator images, which are known for their high dynamic range and susceptibility to various types of contamination. Estimating the fraction of contaminants is an intricate...
The exploitation of insects as protein sources in the food industry has had a strong impact in recent decades for many reasons. The emphasis for this phenomenon has its primary basis on sustainability and also to the nutritional value provided. The g...
Several diseases and vulnerabilities associated with genetic or microbial factors are more frequent among populations of Oceanian, Non-European, Non-Asian descent (ONENA). ONENA are specific and have long been isolated geographically. To our knowledg...
The number of rice seedlings in the field is one of the main agronomic components for determining rice yield. This counting task, however, is still mainly performed using human vision rather than computer vision and is thus cumbersome and time-consum...
The direction of arrival (DOA) and number of sound sources is usually estimated by short-time Fourier transform and the conjugate cross-spectrum. However, the ability of a single AVS to distinguish between multiple sources will decrease as the number...
Standardized crime rates (e.g., “homicides per 100,000 people”) are commonly used in crime analysis as indicators of victimization risk but are prone to several issues that can lead to bias and error. In this study, a more robust approach (GWRisk) is...
In a typical underwater acoustic target detection mission, we have to estimate the target number (N), perform source separation when
In this study, a high sampling rate data acquisition system with the ability to provide timestamp, pulse shape information, and waveform simultaneously under a sub megahertz pulse counting rate was developed for radiation diagnostics for magnetic con...
The stream of onions entering a self-propelled onion collector varies with field conditions, feeding density, and the transient lifting behavior of the onion–soil mass, whereas the collection conveyor is conventionally operated at a fixed speed...
Early crop yield prediction is a major challenge in precision agriculture, and efficient and rapid yield prediction is highly important for sustainable fruit production. The accurate detection of major fruit characteristics, including flowering, gree...
Gamma-ray spectroscopy is essential in nuclear science, enabling the identification of radioactive materials through energy spectrum analysis. However, high count rates lead to pile-up effects, resulting in spectral distortions that hinder accurate i...
We present a study of the linear polarization properties of radio sources within the 10 deg2. Wide Chandra Deep Field South (W-CDFS) in S-band (2–4 GHz). Our W-CDFS image has an angular resolution of 15 arcsec and a 1
This study proposes a novel measurement system repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) framework for zero-inflated correlated defect count data in semiconductor wafer automated optical inspection (AOI). In advanced semiconductor manufacturing env...
With the growing demand for smart-city electromagnetic monitoring, radiation source localization based on received signal strength indication (RSSI) remains challenging in complex urban environments because RSSI measurements are affected by non-line-...
This paper presents a high-precision angle demodulation method for magnetic encoders by integrating orthogonal-signal correction with space–time modulation (STM). The proposed approach specifically addresses a critical vulnerability of STM-base...
Non-contact underwater fish counting supports stocking-density estimation and management in intelligent aquaculture. This study evaluated a 900-image annotated TV5/IOC in-domain dataset derived from the right-view stream of one source video. For each...
Direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation degrades under low signal-to-noise ratio, coherent multipath, and array imperfections. Coherent replicas are especially damaging because they collapse the rank of the signal covariance. We propose ReconUNet, a U-...
Deep regression models are widely employed to solve computer vision tasks, such as human age or pose estimation, crowd counting, object detection, etc. Another possible area of application, which to our knowledge has not been systematically explored...
Blue agave is an important commercial crop in Mexico, and it is the main source of the traditional mexican beverage known as tequila. The variety of blue agave crop known as Tequilana Weber is a crucial element for tequila agribusiness and the agricu...
Stepping-based targets such as the number of steps per day provide an intuitive and commonly used method of prescribing and self-monitoring physical activity goals. Physical activity surveillance is increasingly being obtained from wrist-worn acceler...
Background/Objectives: Serial laboratory measurements may capture within-episode changes not represented by a single baseline value, while routine markers from different biological domains may not evolve concordantly. Methods: We retrospectively anal...
Areal interpolation is routinely used when spatial data are unavailable at desired geographical units. While many methods are available, few of them were developed specifically for and tested in highly developed urban cores. Even fewer studied subpop...
The Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm is widely used for maximum likelihood estimation in incomplete data problems such as mixture modelling, but it often converges slowly, particularly when mixture components overlap substantially. This study...
This study proposes a reproducible methodological framework for deriving potential sustainable urban mobility indicators from open-source traffic microsimulation in data-scarce cities. The approach integrates OpenStreetMap data, targeted manual traff...
Number preference, i.e., the human tendency to gravitate toward or away from specific numbers, is a potential source of measurement error in forest inventory. Identifying its presence is an important step to ensure unbiased results. This study evalua...
The paper presents an algorithm for estimating a pedestrian location in an urban environment. The algorithm is based on the particle filter and uses different data sources: a GPS receiver, inertial sensors, probability maps and a stereo camera. Inert...
Automatic crowd detection in aerial images is certainly a useful source of information to prevent crowd disasters in large complex scenarios of mass events. A number of publications employ regression-based methods for crowd counting and crowd density...
As part of the digitalization of the forest planning process, 3D remote sensing data is an important data source. However, the demand for more detailed information with high temporal resolution and yet still being cost efficient is a challenging comb...
Background: Diet is an important source of microbial exposure, potentially protecting against allergic disease. However, changes in dietary habits may have altered the intake of live food microbes. Aim: We quantitatively assessed the intake of live f...
Operational and environmental variability complicate long-term monitoring of publicly accessible heritage timber buildings, while local visitor activity and member-level hygrothermal conditions are difficult to observe continuously. Using field data...
Countries in South East Asia are undergoing a nutrition transition, which typically involves a dietary shift from plant to animal proteins. To explore the main drivers of protein consumption, the SCRiPT (Socio Cultural Research in Protein Transition)...
In ultra-high-speed networks, identifying hosts with high source or destination cardinality, or large cardinality changes, provides compact measurements for network monitoring and security analysis. Currently, schemes for super-host identification ha...
This study optimizes the placement of μ-PMUs using the BPSO and BGWO algorithms for the IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus systems, with a focus on minimizing deployment costs while ensuring robust system observability. Three case studies are analysed: Case 1...
In disease modeling, a key statistical problem is the estimation of lower and upper tail probabilities of health events from given data sets of small size and limited range. Assuming such constraints, we describe a computational framework for the sys...
Detecting nuclear materials in mixtures is challenging due to low concentration, environmental factors, sensor noise, source-detector distance variations, and others. This paper presents new results on nuclear material identification and relative cou...
28 August 2015
Count data are subject to considerable sources of what is often referred to as non-sampling error. Errors such as misclassification, measurement error and unmeasured confounding can lead to substantially biased estimators. It is strongly recommended...
The understanding of platelet biology under physiological and pathological conditions like malaria infection is critical importance in the context of the disease outcome or model systems used. The importance of severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count...
Chlorophyll-a monitoring characterizes algal biomass but does not directly measure cyanotoxins or human exposure. We examined ecological spatial associations between chlorophyll-a and population-weighted estimates of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) an...
of 5