Emerging microfluidic technology has introduced new precision controls over reaction conditions. Owing to the small amount of reagents, microfluidics significantly lowers the cost of carrying a single reaction. Moreover, in two-phase systems, each pa...
Aeroponic cultivation has made it possible to bring food production closer to urban areas, especially in areas with limited space. One advantage is that it allows the reuse of water and nutrients, thereby reducing costs. This paper presents a closed-...
This work presents a Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC) strategy for the optimal operation of a fuel cell system to maximize its average efficiency and minimize degradation. Because of the different time scales associated with the different...
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become an important therapeutic approach in the COVID-19 pandemic. The development and research in this field strongly relies on animal models; however, efforts are being made to find alternatives. In th...
Reduction of NOX emissions and fuel consumption are the main topics in engine development, forcing the adoption of complex techniques and components, whose interactions have to be clearly understood for proper and reliable operations and management o...
Managing building water systems is complicated by the need to maintain hot water temperatures high enough to control the growth of Legionella spp. while minimizing the risk of scalding. This study assessed water quality management practices in large...
To achieve net-zero emissions by the year 2050, carbon capture, utilization, and storage technologies must be implemented to decarbonize sectors with hard-to-abate emissions. Pressurized chemical looping (PCL) with a novel reactor design called a plu...
Recirculating frequency shifting has attracted much attention for its advantages in the generation of the flexible and high-quality optical frequency comb. A new scheme of ultra-flat optical frequency comb generation system based on single-loop bidir...
Modern Diesel engines have complex exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems. Due to the high temperatures, it is a typical issue to measure EGR mass flow rates in these complex control systems. Therefore, it is expedient to estimate it. Several sensed...
A polarization-insensitive recirculating delayed self-heterodyne method (PI-RDSHM) is proposed and demonstrated for the precise measurement of sub-kilohertz laser linewidths. By a unique combination of Faraday rotator mirrors (FRMs) in an interferome...
Inappropriate fertilisation results in the pollution of groundwater with nitrates and phosphates, eutrophication in surface water, emission of greenhouse gasses, and unwanted N deposition in natural environments, thereby harming the whole ecosystem....
This study demonstrated that a laboratory-scale recirculation closed-loop reactor can be an efficient technique for the determination of the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) of PhotoCatalytic Oxidation (PCO) air purification devices. The recirculation...
The importance of implementing recirculating drainage for greenhouse strawberries is often overlooked because of the low electrical conductivity (EC) of drainage and transpiration despite the large area of cultivation in Korea. In this study, we anal...
It has been recognized for several years that power ultrasound can effectively inactivate algae cells at a laboratory scale. However, although ultrasonic inactivation shows great potential, there are few reports of its use when applied on a large sca...
We present a simulation study of bidirectionally pumped distributed Raman amplification (DRA) noise performance for two recirculating-loop span configurations—50 km and 75 km—evaluated over a 50-channel C-band grid (191,200–196,100...
Surrogate models can reproduce wastewater effluent trajectories accurately, but their use in optimization also requires a suitable representation of the response to control actions. This paper proposes an actionability-aware framework for assessing a...
The role of on-site wastewater treatment (OSWT) is increasingly important for water reuse and local sustainability, but treatment efficiency is highly dependent on hydraulic behavior and mixing. This study used validated CFD simulations and tracer ex...
Hydronic systems installed in buildings utilize water to transport thermal energy within the building for heating and cooling purposes. These systems can be closed loop, where the water is chemically treated and circulated indefinitely, or they can b...
The performances of a laboratory PhotoCatalytic Oxidation (PCO) device were determined using a recirculation closed-loop pilot reactor. The closed-loop system was modeled by associating equations related to two ideal reactors: a perfectly mixed reser...
Bacterial pre-oxidation of refractory gold concentrates generates large volumes of leachate and requires a significant supply of nutrients to support bacterial growth. Therefore, bioleachate reuse reduces both water consumption and the nutrients requ...
Anaerobic digestion process can be improved in combination with bioelectrochemical systems in order to recover energy and resources from digestates. An electromethanogenic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) coupled to an ammonia recovery system based...
Product design and development are key to moving towards a circular economy; however, the majority of products and components that are currently recirculated have not been designed for circulation of any sort. Circular economy business models and clo...
The manufacturing industry in the Nordic countries aims to include closing product and material loops to recover values in their circular economy strategies. Recirculating strategies for products and materials are required for existing products that...
As a requirement for sustainable development, air-cycle refrigeration has received wide attention as a candidate for environmentally friendly air conditioning technology. In this study, the thermodynamic performance of air refrigeration cycles is inv...
This paper explores the impact of choice of ventilation setting (“window open”, “new (external) air” and “recirculate”) on in-vehicle carbon monoxide exposures for commuters travelling by car at different times of the day (morning, midday, and evenin...
Cooking-related emissions represent a major contributor to indoor air pollution in residential kitchens, producing complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), odor-causing gases, oil vapors, particulate matter (PM2.5), and combustion-relat...
To reduce the smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions; a detailed study concerned with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and diesel injection strategy was conducted on a two-stage series turbocharging diesel engine under transient operating condition....
Positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) was used to investigate the grinding media dynamics in a laboratory-scale attritor mill in the absence of powder. The grinding media motion was analysed as a function of the equipment’s typical operati...
The increasing share of renewable energy sources in power grids demands greater load flexibility from thermal power plants. Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) combustion systems, while offering fuel flexibility and high thermal inertia, face challenges...
During the power operation of the primary loop of a water cooled–water moderated energy reactor (WWER), the water chemistry evolves from a high-boron high-potassium composition to significantly lower concentrations of both constituents at the e...
Nutrient management in coupled aquaponic systems presents significant challenges due to competing requirements between fish and plant production within a single-loop framework. These challenges often result in suboptimal nutrient concentrations, comp...
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a broadband photonic approach to linear frequency-modulated (LFM) microwave signal generation based on segmented parabolic phase modulation and synchronous recirculating phase accumulation. The expanded quadr...
The database of the HWind project sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for hurricanes between 1994 and 2013 is analysed. This is the first objective of the current research. Among these hurricanes, Hurricane Sandy w...
Natural circulation loops are thermohydraulic circuits used to transport heat from a source to a sink in the absence of a pump, using the forces induced by the thermal expansion of a working fluid to circulate it. Natural circulation loops have a wid...
Ultrapure water (UPW) distribution loops must deliver stable hydraulics while limiting contamination from polymer piping. This study integrates computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with systematic pipe autopsy to examine contaminant behavior in a pilot...
Vapor injection (VPI) can significantly enhance the heating performance of electric vehicle (EV) heat pump systems under low ambient temperatures, making the integrated design and control of the VPI loop essential. This study uses R290 as the working...
Traditional greenhouse cooling often relies on single-pass evaporative systems that exhaust valuable moisture and CO2 into the atmosphere. This research introduces a sustainable alternative by developing a laboratory-scale greenhouse that utilizes a...
Aeroponic cultivation can enhance resource-use efficiency, yet field-scale evidence for closed-loop water recycling remains limited. This study assessed a multi-tier aeroponic system for Pak choi, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, integrated with a rec...
Minimizing fuel consumption of passenger car vehicles can be achieved thanks to hybridization of the powertrain associated with innovative engine technologies. To feed the new high compression ratio combustion systems, air system cutting-edge technol...
Pseudo-liquid membranes are extraction devices in which a liquid membrane phase is retained in an apparatus consisting of two interconnected chambers while feed and stripping phases pass through the stationary liquid membrane phase as mobile phases....
In the present paper, the effect of the evolution of primary water chemistry during power operation on the corrosion rate and conduction mechanism of oxide films on stainless steel is studied by in situ impedance spectroscopy at 300 °C/9 MPa duri...
Drainage solution reuse in soilless strawberry production can reduce nutrient-rich discharge, but adoption requires microbial control, hydraulic reliability, and manageable energy demand. This field study evaluated a photovoltaic (PV) assisted ultrav...
An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve is used to quickly and dynamically adjust the amount of recirculated exhaust gas, which is critical for improving engine fuel economy and reducing emissions. To address problems relating to the precise positio...
The long-term biological fate of nanoplastics (NPs; <100 nm) in human tissues remains uncertain. Beyond acute toxicity, we propose a conceptual biological framework based on three interlinked pillars of host response: (1) biomolecular corona adapt...
An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve position control system requires fast response without overshoot, but the low control frequency limits control bandwidth and results in poor position response. A novel EGR valve position control scheme is prop...
A recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) represents a forward-looking form of aquaculture. A RAS consists of fish tanks and water treatment processes in a closed loop to sustain the environmental conditions for fish production. However, the rapid ind...
Global environmental, social and economic challenges drive the need for new and improved solutions for food production and consumption. Food production within a sustainability corridor requires innovations exceeding traditional paradigms, acknowledgi...
Immortal products are updated and upgraded to go from application to application and, in so doing, to extend their life as long as possible. Designing such products is the key to a sustainable society from the circular economy perspective. It is a ne...
This study investigated the long-term effect of horizontal Ground-Source Heat Exchangers (GSHEs) on mitigating permafrost thaw settlement. In the conceptual system, a fan coil was used to chill the recirculating fluid in the linear High-Density Polye...
The effects of an electric supercharger (eS) and a dual-loop exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system on a passenger car’s diesel engine’s emissions and fuel efficiency under various worldwide harmonized light-duty vehicles test procedure (WLTP) refere...
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