The F-box proteins function as substrate receptors to determine the specificity of Skp1-Cul1-F-box ubiquitin ligases. Genomic studies revealed large and diverse sizes of the F-box gene superfamily across plant species. Our previous studies suggested...
The current availability of complete genome sequences has allowed knowing that bacterial genomes can bear genes not present in the genome of all the strains from a specific species. So, the genes shared by all the strains comprise the core of the spe...
Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging alphavirus that has caused millions of cases worldwide, yet its molecular epidemiology in Saudi Arabia remains poorly understood. This study integrates bioinformatic analysis of the envelope gene...
We previously reported the first-in-human assessment of three doses (2, 5, and 10 µg) of purified inactivated Zika virus vaccine (PIZV or TAK-426) in the Phase 1 ZIK-101 study (NCT03343626). Here, we report dose selection based on extended safe...
Heterozygosity is a fundamental measure routinely used to compare between populations to infer the level of genetic variation and their relative effective population sizes. However, such comparison is highly influenced by the magnitude of selection p...
Lineages of the Triops longicaudatus (LeConte, 1846) complex, originally endemic to the Americas, have been able to successfully colonize extreme environments such as temporary aquatic systems through shifts in their reproductive modes. To gain insig...
Arginine is encoded by six different codons. Base pair changes in any of these codons can have a broad spectrum of effects including substitutions to twelve different amino acids, eighteen synonymous changes, and two stop codons. Four amino acids (hi...
The porcine interferon (IFN) system is highly diversified, particularly within Type I subfamilies, yet its evolutionary trajectory across domestication and breed formation remains poorly characterized. We performed a comprehensive comparative genomic...
Selection is expected to work differently in autosomal and X-linked genes because of their ploidy difference and the exposure of recessive X-linked mutations to haploid selection in males. However, it is not clear whether these expectations apply to...
Avian sex chromosomes evolved after the divergence of birds and crocodilians from their common ancestor, so they are younger than the better-studied chromosomes of mammals. It has long been recognized that there may have been several stages to the ev...
Mumps virus (MuV) genotype G is widely represented among circulating strains, but the evolutionary patterns of the hemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) gene remain incompletely understood. In this study, we analyzed publicly available full-length g...
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a single-stranded RNA virus from the family Flaviviridae, which is linked to congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in newborn piglets. Here, we retrospectively investigated the molecular evolution of APPV on an affect...
Sex determination, the developmental process that directs embryos toward male or female fates, is controlled by master sex-determining genes whose origins and evolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood outside of a few model systems. In contrast...
Senecavirus A (SVA) has rapidly emerged as a globally distributed swine pathogen, with clinical signs mimicking vesicular diseases such as Foot-and-Mouth Disease, posing challenges for timely detection and control. Here, we analyzed 329 complete SVA...
Terpenoids are a diverse class of metabolites that impact plant metabolism in response to environmental cues. They are synthesized either via a predominantly cytosolic (MVA) pathway or a plastidic pathway (MEP). In Arabidopsis, several enzymes from t...
12 October 2026
Background: Dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) is prevalent across the Americas, yet its genomic diversity in Mexico is poorly characterized. Methods: We analyzed 119 public Mexican DENV-1 genomes (polyprotein CDS, 10,179 nt) alongside 111 from 19 othe...
The Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) is one of the most threatened primates, yet its mitochondrial haplotype diversity and genealogy remain poorly understood. This study investigated mitochondrial haplotype structure, genealogical history, and selec...
Mitochondrial codon usage and selective pressures drive adaptive evolution and translation efficiency. This study provides insights into the evolutionary constraints shaping 13 core mitochondrial proteins in Corvides, based on 117 species, including...
Fagus longipetiolata Seemen is a deciduous tree of the Fagus genus in Fagaceae, which is endemic to China. In this study, we successfully sequenced the cp genome of F. longipetiolata, compared the cp genomes of the Fagus genus, and reconstructed the...
Seoul virus (SEOV), which causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans, has spread all over the world, especially in mainland China. Understanding basic mechanisms of SEOV evolution is essential to better combat and prevent viral dis...
Sugar plays an important role in regulating the flowering of plants. However, studies of genes related to flowering regulation by the sugar pathway of Brassicaceae plants are scarce. In this study, we performed a comprehensive comparative genomics an...
As critical rare earth elements (REEs), the industrial demand for neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy) increases rapidly due to their specific physical and chemical properties. Recycling these REEs from secondary resources such as spent NdFeB magnetic...
Background/Objectives: North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and bighead catfish (Clarias macrocephalus) play crucial roles in Thai aquaculture. Although significant growth disparities exist among these species, the genetic factors underlying th...
Pterocarpus is a genus of trees mainly distributed in tropical Asia, Africa, and South America. Some species of Pterocarpus are rosewood tree species, having important economic value for timber, and for some species, medicinal value as well. Up to no...
Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) domestication, likely associated with dry-rice farming in central Thailand, has led to substantial loss of ancestral immune-related genetic diversity in commercial chicken lineages. This study addresses allelic loss...
Southern tomato virus (STV) or Amalgavirus lycopersici is a persistent virus impacting tomato crops globally. This study identified new STV isolates from Oklahoma and analyzed their evolutionary relationship to global STV isolates. Phylogenetic analy...
Groupers are commercial, mainly reef-associated fishes, classified in the family Epinephelidae (Perciformes). This study first sequenced the complete mitogenomes of Cephalopholis leopardus, Cephalopholis spiloparaea, Epinephelus amblycephalus, and Ep...
Understanding the plastid genome is extremely important for the interpretation of the genetic mechanisms associated with essential physiological and metabolic functions, the identification of possible marker regions for phylogenetic or phylogeographi...
The genus Desmidorchis Ehrenb. (Apocynaceae) is a characteristic component of the succulent flora of the Arabian Peninsula, where high levels of endemism and increasing environmental pressures highlight the need for integrated genomic and conservatio...
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are thiol-dependent peroxidases that couple hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detoxification with redox signalling, but the family has not been characterized in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis of...
Evolution is change over time. Although neutral changes promoted by drift effects are most reliable for phylogenetic reconstructions, selection-relevant changes are of only limited use to reconstruct phylogenies. On the other hand, comparative analys...
Instability is an intriguing characteristic of many protist genomes, and trypanosomatids are not an exception in this respect. Some regions of trypanosomatid genomes evolve fast. For instance, the trypanosomatid mitochondrial (kinetoplast) genome con...
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are longstanding aquatic hazards worldwide, of which the mechanism is not yet fully understood, i.e., the process in which cyanobacteria establish dominance over coexisting algae in the same eutrophic w...
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are enzymes that catalyze the addition of an oxygen molecule to unsaturated fatty acids, thus forming hydroperoxides. In plants, these enzymes are encoded by a multigene family found in several organs with varying activity patter...
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a single stranded RNA virus from the family Flaviviridae. [...]
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) of vertebrates including dengue, zika, chikungunya, Rift Valley fever, and blue tongue viruses cause extensive morbidity and mortality in humans, agricultural animals, and wildlife across the globe. As obligate i...
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations accumulate in somatic stem cells during ageing and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the studies that link mtDNA mutations to stem cell ageing. We discuss the age-related behaviours of t...
A now classical argument for the marginal thermodynamic stability of proteins explains the distribution of observed protein stabilities as a consequence of an entropic pull in protein sequence space. In particular, most sequences that are sufficientl...
Neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy) are two critical rare earth elements for fabricating NdFeB permanent magnets, which have crucial applications in modern technologies. The increasing global demand for Nd and Dy emphasizes new efficient processes for...
Nucleotide substitutions are common in cancer cells, and they occur in both protein coding regions and non-coding regions (5′ and 3′ UTRs and introns). Although substitutions in non-coding regions have the potential to alter gene expressi...
Climate change is considered a major threat to society and nature. UV irradiation is the most important environmental genotoxic agent. Thus, how elevated UV irradiation may influence human health and ecosystems has generated wide concern in the scien...
MADS domain transcription factors play roles throughout the whole lifecycle of plants from seeding to flowering and fruit-bearing. However, systematic research into MADS-box genes of the economically important vegetable crop pepper (Capsicum spp.) is...
The conventionally clear distinction between exons and introns in eukaryotic genes is actually blurred. To illustrate this point, consider sequences that are retained in mature mRNAs about 50% of the time: how should they be classified? Moreover, alt...
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin central to sensory neuron biology and pain signaling. NGF and NTRK1 are gnathostome paralogs within the older neurotrophin and Trk families, respectively, whereas NGFR encodes p75NTR, a member of the tumor...
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin found in a number of marine creatures including the pufferfish, where it is synthesized by bacteria and accumulated through the food chain. It is a potent and selective blocker of some types of voltage-gated...
Our evolutionary and structural analyses revealed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike gene is a complex mosaic resulting from several recombination events. Additionally, the fixation of variants has main...
Background/Objectives: Clariid catfishes are a cornerstone of Southeast Asian aquaculture, where intensive breeding and interspecific hybridization have significantly decreased genetic diversity. To address the limited understanding of growth-governi...
Prior to this study, knowledge on the evolutionary lineage of Garra remained inadequate, as previous phylogenetic investigations were primarily based on partial gene sequences. Although several mitogenomes of Garra species have been reported, their s...
A robust and selective reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of lactoperoxidase (LPO) and lactoferrin (LF) in commercial LPO raw materials. A key...
Blueberry extracts have been widely recognized as possessing antimicrobial activity against several potential pathogens. However, the contextualization of the interaction of these extracts with beneficial bacteria (i.e., probiotics), particularly whe...
of 38