To date, there is no overarching proposition for the ontogenetic-neurobiological basis of self-regulation. This paper suggests that the balanced self-regulatory reaction of the fetus, newborn and infant is based on a complex mechanism starting from e...
Carbon stocks in hemiboreal forests are frequently assessed using dominant-species or growing stock metrics, which may obscure ontogenetic and demographic processes governing biomass turnover. This study applied a process-based framework integrating...
Sexual dimorphism exists widely in animals, manifesting in different forms, such as body size, color, shape, unique characteristics, behavior, and sound. Of these, body mass dimorphism is the most obvious. Studies of evolutionary and ontogenetic deve...
The determination of the endodormancy release and the beginning of ontogenetic development is a challenge, because these are non-observable stages. Changes in protein activity are important aspects of signal transduction. The conversion of threonine...
Winter dormancy is still a “black box” in phenological models, because it evades simple observation. This study presents the first step in the identification of suitable metabolites which could indicate the timing and length of dormancy p...
Amoya chusanensis and Wuhanlinigobius polylepis are endemic goby species (Gobiidae, Perciformes) in Chinese waters, with A. chusanensis occurring in the East China Sea and W. polylepis distributed in waters off Shanghai and Hainan. We applied mitocho...
Plant specialized metabolism changes throughout development, but developmental context remains inconsistently incorporated into phytochemical interpretation. This integrative narrative review synthesizes evidence on chemical ontogeny in plants, defin...
The fish body shape is a key factor that influences multiple traits such as swimming, foraging, mating, migrations, and predator avoidance. The present study describes the body morphological changes and the growth trajectories during the transformati...
This study aimed to explore the gill developmental mechanism of the high mortality rate of Paramisgurnus dabryanus larvae in the early life-history process. Based on histological observations with a optical microscope, we studied the ontogeny of the...
The objective of the present research was to study the effect of cold shock (3 °C and 6 °C) on fertilized eggs of the sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus L. Cold shock was applied for various durations (30, 60 and 90 min) and the ploidy levels, survi...
The trophic ecology of the Pelagic Thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus) was evaluated based on chemical ecology using stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in the vertebrae and muscles. Individuals were caught between A...
The Banks grass mite/New World date mite, Oligonychus pratensis (Banks) (Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae), is a globally distributed and economically significant agricultural pest. The present study comprehensively addresses the morphotaxonomic ide...
With positron emission tomography followed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we demonstrated that rapid eye movements (REMs) in sleep are saccades that scan dream imagery. The brain “sees” essentially the same way while awa...
Due to a sharp decline in resources, Schizothorax waltoni Regan and Percocypris retrodorslis have been listed as wildlife under second-class protection in China. Under culture conditions, the early development and allometric growth patterns of S. wal...
The freshwater eel Anguilla japonica is rapidly decreasing in number and has not yet been successfully mass produced. This may be at least partially attributable to the unique and long early life history of the eel. Therefore, we investigated its ont...
Only two species of the genus Stylophoronychus, S. baghensis (Prasad, 1975) and S. guangzhouensis (Ma and Yuan, 1980), have been recorded in China. Herein we describe a new species Stylophoronychus wangaePan, Jin & Yi sp. nov. based on characteri...
To investigate the effect of body size on muscle quality of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), we systematically tracked the dynamic changes in nutrient content, texture, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among small-sized (~100 g), medium-sized (...
Tree age has an important effect on the form and function of fine roots. Previous studies have focused on the variations in root morphological and chemical traits among tree ages, while less attention has been given to the physiological traits, imped...
Many biochemical processes are involved in regulating the consecutive transition of different phases of dormancy in sweet cherry buds. An evaluation based on a metabolic approach has, as yet, only been partly addressed. The aim of this work, therefor...
Based on allometric theory and scaling laws, numerous mathematical models have been proposed to study ontogenetic growth patterns of animals. Although deterministic models have provided valuable insight into growth dynamics, animal growth often devia...
The primary goal in aquaculture is to maximize the growth and survival of farmed fishes at a minimal cost, which requires an understanding of the changes in metabolism undergone by different fish breeds during development. In particular, highly inten...
Problem solving, the act of overcoming an obstacle to obtain an incentive, has been studied in a wide variety of taxa, and is often based on simple strategies such as trial-and-error learning, instead of higher-order cognitive processes, such as insi...
Hydrogen peroxide-converting enzyme activities in leaf buds of the apple cultivar Idared during the transition from dormancy release to the ontogenetic development were investigated. For this purpose, leaf buds were collected from 26 March 2021 (DOY...
Metabolism is fundamental to many biological processes that govern the flow of energy and materials within organisms. Recently, several interspecific studies have suggested that ontogenetic phase shifts in the metabolism of teleost fish coincide with...
Developmental noise is a variety that is not related to the usually distinguished sources of phenotypic diversity, i.e., differences in the genotype and in the environment. This variation arises in the process of the realization of genetic informatio...
Several elasmobranch species undergo shifts in body proportions during their ontogenetic growth. Such morphological changes could reflect variation in diet, locomotion, or, more broadly, in the species’ interactions with their environment. Howe...
The heart is capable of extensive adaptive growth in response to the demands of the body. When the heart is confronted with an increased workload over a prolonged period, it tends to cope with the situation by increasing its muscle mass. The adaptive...
Nutrients and xenobiotics cross the blood–placenta barrier, potentially depositing in the fetal brain. The prenatal exposure affects the neuroendocrine and microbial development. The mechanism underlying maternal risk factors reprograming the m...
Identifying alterations caused by aging could be an important tool for improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Changes in vascular tone regulation involve various mechanisms, like NO synthase activity, activity of the sympathetic nervous...
We reviewed literature on the diet of the Galeus melastomus Rafinesque, 1810, from the Mediterranean Sea. Specific keywords (“Galeus melastomus diet”, “feeding habits”, “trophic position”, “biology”, “deep environment adaptation”) in the principal da...
Ontogenetic changes in bone microstructure provide key information on growth patterns and functional differentiation in birds. This study describes microanatomical and histological variation in the appendicular and axial skeleton across an ontogeneti...
Marsh horsetail (Equisetum palustre L.) is one of the most poisonous plants of wet grasslands in the northern hemisphere, which poses a major health threat to livestock. Available data on the levels of its main alkaloids are currently contradictory d...
Background/Objectives: The identification of individuals from human remains is crucial in any scenario where their identity is unknown. The study of ontogenetic allometry, which refers to proportional changes in the shape and size of bones during gro...
A comprehensive multiregional characterization of the spectral response of cassava leaves across different ontogenetic stages was performed. For this, ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and shortwave near-infrared (UV-VIS-NIR; 200–900 nm) regions...
Slower reaction time is a measure of cognitive decline and can occur as early as 24 years of age. We are interested if developmental stability predicts cognitive performance independent of age and lifestyle (e.g., diet and exercise). Developmental st...
12 October 2022
The ontogenetic sleep hypothesis suggested that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is ontogenetically primitive. Namely, REM sleep plays an imperative role in the maturation of the central nervous system. In coincidence with a rapidly developing brain du...
Little is known about how predators or their cues affect the acquisition and allocation of energy throughout the ontogeny of prey organisms. To address this question, we have been comparing the ontogenetic body-mass scaling of various traits related...
Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs)—secretory structures that recruit predatory arthropods as indirect defenders against herbivory—have been studied almost exclusively in herbaceous systems, leaving a critical gap in our understanding of plant d...
Predation is a major factor driving prey trait diversification and promoting ecological speciation. Consequently, antipredator traits are widely studied among prey species. However, comparative studies that examine how different predators shape the o...
The mechanisms underlying the de novo regeneration of adventitious roots are still poorly understood, particularly in trees. We developed a system for studying adventitious rooting (AR) at physiological and molecular levels using leaves excised from...
Centroscymnus coelolepis is a deep-water sleeper shark and, like most sharks, it is covered in placoid scales, or dermal denticles. The morphological diversity of the dermal denticles in this species, however, has not been described in detail, and on...
The green biomass of horticultural plants contains valuable secondary metabolites (SM), which can potentially be extracted and sold. When exposed to stress, plants accumulate higher amounts of these SMs, making the extraction and commercialization ev...
The neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) plays an important ecological role in the North Pacific. An analysis of stable isotopes in eye lenses was conducted to investigate the inter- and intravariation of the trophic ecology of stocks at the ea...
The distinctive leaf and twig heteromorphism in Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica Oliv.) reflects its adaptive strategies to cope with arid environments across ontogenetic stages. In the key distribution area of P. euphratica forests in China, we...
Most of our knowledge about forest responses to global environmental changes is based on experiments with seedlings/saplings grown in artificially controlled conditions. We do not know whether this knowledge will allow us to upscale to larger and mat...
Background/Objectives: The incorporation of the human growth and development literature, an ontogenetic framework, a large virtual sample of individuals across the entire growth period, and a contemporary sample of adult individuals provides a unique...
A transcriptome-wide analysis of human liver for demonstrating differences between young and old humans has not yet been performed. However, identifying major age-related alterations in hepatic gene expression may pinpoint ontogenetic shifts with imp...
Information manifests a reduction in uncertainty or indeterminacy. As such it can emerge in two ways: by measurement, which involves the intentional choices of an observer; or more generally, by development, which involves systemically mutual (‘self-...
The use of juvenile and larval fish models has been growing in importance for several fields. Accordingly, the evaluation of behavioural tests that can be applied to larvae and juveniles is becoming increasingly important. We tested medaka at four di...
Cytokines are signaling proteins that were first characterized as components of the immune response, but have been found to have pleiotropic effects in diverse aspects of body function in health and disease. They are secreted by numerous cells and ar...
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