The stable operating region of a photovoltaic (PV) cascaded H-bridge (CHB) grid-tied module level inverter is extended by adopting the hybrid modulation strategy. However, the traditional single hybrid modulation method is unable to regulate the DC-s...
Since the quality of the direct and quadrature axis current (dq-axis) is an important performance indicator of a motor, the technique of flux ripple analysis is necessary to determine the appropriate working conditions for various voltage sequences a...
The duty cycle space vector (DCSV) modulation strategy is of universal significance, and the method can be utilized for different modulation approaches. In this paper, the vectors of input voltages and currents are equivalently represented by a compl...
Compared to the voltage source inverter, the current source inverter (CSI) can boost voltage and improve filtering performance. However, the DC side of CSI is not a real current source, and the DC input current comprises a DC power supply and an indu...
The three unit nine-level inverter can output more voltage levels with fewer h-bridge units, while having better output waveform quality. However, in the conventional hybrid frequency modulation strategy, only one low-voltage unit adopts pulse width...
As a form of energy storage with high power and efficiency, a flywheel energy storage system performs well in the primary frequency modulation of a power grid. In this study, a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor was used as the drive moto...
This paper presents an analysis of the operational characteristics of three-phase AC–DC matrix converters, which operate as rectifiers but possess a range of additional capabilities. These include the ability to reverse the power flow, control...
In order to efficiently use energy storage resources while meeting the power grid primary frequency modulation requirements, an adaptive droop coefficient and SOC balance-based primary frequency modulation control strategy for energy storage is propo...
The battery is the only power source of full electric vehicles, and the converter plays a key role in power and signal conversion; therefore, the stability and reliability of the converter determine the performance of the whole vehicle system. In ord...
The integration of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems requires advanced converter architectures capable of ensuring both high efficiency and fast dynamic response. Leveraging the inherent modularity and low harmonic distortion of Modular Multileve...
For fuel cell vehicles, the fuel cell stack has a soft output characteristic whereby the output voltage drops quickly with the increasing output current. In order to interface the dynamic low voltage of the fuel cell stack with the required constant...
In the process of product design, design changes are unavoidable due to the diversification of customer requirements and the advancement of key technologies. Although modules are supposed to be functionally independent and “low-coupling”...
Sub-module (SM) faults in modular multilevel converters (MMCs) without redundancies result in unbalanced converter output voltages and improper control of modulation due to an unequal number of SMs inserted between the different phase-legs. The deriv...
Modular multilevel converters are playing a key role in the present and future development of topologies for medium–to–high–power applications. Among this category of power converters, there is a direct AC–AC modular multileve...
On-state voltage is an important thermal parameter for insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. It is employed widely to predict failure in IGBT module bond wires. However, due to restrictions in work environments and measurement methods, it...
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the existing research on the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter, focusing on modeling methods, modulation strategies, optimization algorithms, and control methods. A comparative analysis of selected...
Understanding the modulation of specific immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) offers new hope in cancer treatments, especially in cancer immunotherapies. In recent years, immune modulation and resistance to immunotherapy have become c...
Converters play a critical role in wind power generation systems, with their reliability directly impacting system stability and operational efficiency. To address the challenges posed by increased thermal load fluctuations due to solder layer aging...
Cellular senescence regulates aging, tissue maintenance, and disease progression through the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), a secretory profile of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and matrix-remodeling enzymes. While transien...
This paper aims to design the modulation strategy of SiC motor controller for vehicles with low EMI, low device loss and low voltage/current ripple. The equivalent evaluation model of input voltage, output current and switching loss of the inverter u...
Food-derived angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide LYPVK exhibits promising potential for application as an important ingredient with a potential antihypertensive effect in functional foods. However, the structure–activity rela...
This paper aims to present a smart, particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based, real time configuration strategy for a photovoltaic (PV) module array in the event of shadow cast on a PV module(s) and/or module failure as an effective approach to power g...
The demand for reliable, compact, and highly dependable energy conversion systems has grown significantly due to their application in renewable energy systems and electric vehicles for transportation. One of the main converters used in this type of c...
The installation of photovoltaic (PV) system for electrical power generation has gained a substantial interest in the power system for clean and green energy. However, having the intermittent characteristics of photovoltaic, its integration with the...
To resolve the issue of the difficultly in effectively balancing the output performance improvement, cost reduction, and efficiency improvement of a medium-voltage modular multilevel converter (MMC), a novel MMC (NMMC) topology based on high- and low...
In this paper, a modulation strategy of a 3 × 5 modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is proposed. The circuit of 3 × 5 M3C is firstly introduced. Then, operation rules of 3 × 5 M3C are illustrated, and a connection pattern of branches is determi...
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) showed enormous growth in the last few years. In comparison with the other RES, solar power has become the most feasible source because of its unique properties such as clean, noiseless, eco-friendly nature, etc. During...
A systematic literature review of the PubMed database, filtering for publication dates up to and including October 2025, was conducted to identify relevant studies on glucose metabolism and radiotherapy. Radioresistance poses a major therapeutic chal...
The aim of this paper is to present our research into the reduction of vibrations in induction motors. The use of power inverters results in the generation of electrical harmonics, which increase the level of the mechanical vibrations of electrical m...
The operation performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) driven by direct torque control (DTC) are affected by torque error compensation and flux error compensation in each control period. The error compensational effects provided by...
Photovoltaic power generation and energy storage technology are current hotspots in the clean energy industry. As a core piece of equipment, an inverter is subjected to higher demands for its voltage regulation range and output performance. A differe...
Flying-capacitor multiplexed modulation technology is suitable for bipolar DC microgrids with higher voltage levels and higher current levels. The module combination and corresponding modulation method can be flexibly selected according to the voltag...
This article proposes a new technique called optimized discontinuous carrier pulse width modulation (ODCPWM), whose main objective is to solve the issue of significant output voltage harmonics of conventional synchronous carrier modulation at low car...
This paper presents a novel hybrid modulation technique for Asymmetrical Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters (ACHBMLIs), specifically designed to enhance both efficiency and harmonic performance. Unlike conventional strategies, the proposed method...
Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder with high global prevalence. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of gut microbiota in obesity’s onset and progression. This review explores the relationship between gut microbiota composition...
Acute and chronic lower airway disease still represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale. With the steady rise of multidrug-resistant respiratory pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, we are rap...
Respiratory pathogens such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe lung infections leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The pathophysiology of ARDS includes an excessive host immune response, lung epithelial and endothelial cel...
In this paper, a so-called OPTimized Pulse Width Modulation (OPT-PWM) strategy with a minimal number of commutations for a multilevel converter (MC) is proposed. The principle is based on the reduction of the number of switch commutations by removing...
A three-phase isolated rectifier features bidirectional power conversion and galvanic isolation, and is attractive as a high-efficiency energy conversion system. However, when a conventional modulation is applied to this rectifier, the excessive DC-l...
Autophagy, the process that enables the recycling and degradation of cellular components, is essential for homeostasis, which occurs in response to various types of stress. Autophagy plays an important role in the genesis and evolution of osteosarcom...
The switching frequency of high-power inverters, such as those used in rail transit traction systems, is low, due to switching loss and heat dissipation limitations. This can result in considerable output voltage harmonics. This paper proposes an opt...
In this paper, different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies for operating with a low-switching frequency, a topology that combines Conventional Matrix Converters (CMCs), and Coupled Reactors (CRs) are presented and discussed. The principles of t...
HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is one of the major concerns since it persists in 40% of this population. Nowadays, HAND neuropathogenesis is considered to be caused by the infected cells that cross the brain–blood barrier and pro...
In response to the unbalanced DC-port fault of three-level neutral point clamped cascaded converter (3LNPC-CC), a sequence pulse modulation (SPM) voltage-balancing strategy is proposed in this paper to balance DC-link voltage, not only within the mod...
Abstract: Multilevel modulation strategy is an important factor affecting the output performance of multilevel converters. In this paper, the relationship between phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) and phase disposition PWM is analyzed, and t...
With the proportion of air conditioners increasing gradually, they can provide a certain amount of frequency-controlled reserves for a micro-grid. Optimizing utilization of air conditioners and considering load response characteristics and customer c...
The double-frequency (2ω) power flows through the DC side of the single-phase quasi-Z-source inverter (QZSI) leads to the 2ω voltage ripple of capacitors and 2ω current ripple of inductors. This paper proposes a ripple vector cancel...
This paper proposes a novel, dual-output, hybrid-clamped, quasi-five-level inverter (DO-HC-FLI) topology, capable of providing two independent AC voltage outputs with adjustable frequency and amplitude. Derived from a dual-output, active, neutral-poi...
An improved modulation strategy based on minimum energy storage for DC-link capacitance reduction in a six-switch AC-AC converter is proposed. The proposed modulation strategy enables the energy on the capacitor to accumulate and release twice each i...
To address the issues of excessive current stress and the power dead zone associated with conventional phase-shift modulation in dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters, a hybrid optimized modulation strategy based on dual-side asymmetric duty modulation...
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