The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in distribution systems has brought a number of network management and operational challenges; reactive power variation has been identified as one of the dominant effects. Enormous growth in...
In this paper, we propose a steepest descent algorithm based on the natural gradient to design the controller of an open-loop stochastic distribution control system (SDCS) of multi-input and single output with a stochastic noise. Since the control in...
The seabed is usually non-homogeneous in the real marine environment, and its response to the dynamic wave loading is of great concern to coastal engineers. Previous studies on the simulation of a non-homogeneous seabed response have mostly adopted a...
In order to investigate the difference in particle size distribution of soil along an urban–suburban–rural–desert (USRD) gradient in an arid zone, surface soil (0–20 cm) samples were gathered at the urban, suburban, rural, and...
We examined the distribution of termites along an elevational gradient in the western Rif Mountains of northern Morocco. Sampling followed standardized protocols at nine forest sites (125, 325, 488, 715, 850, 1150, 1316, 1544, and 1700 masl), all exc...
Porous structures can reduce the elastic modulus of implants, decrease stress shielding, and avoid bone loss in the alveolar bone and aseptic loosening of implants; however, there is a mismatch between yield strength and elastic modulus as well as bi...
Microorganisms have a profound impact on the stability and ecological health of aquatic environments. Fungi, as important components of river ecosystems, play critical roles as decomposers and symbionts. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism...
With the development of bridge engineering, U-shaped girder bridges have been applied in numerous bridge designs due to their structural characteristics. However, the U-shaped girder bridge is sensitive to solar radiation effects, leading to uneven t...
A gradient-based optimizer (GBO) is a recently inspired meta-heuristic technique centered on Newton’s gradient-based approach. In this paper, an advanced developed version of the GBO is merged with a crossover operator (GBOC) to enhance the div...
As the scale of distributed renewable energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic continues to expand and load demand gradually changes, the future evolution of the smart distribution network will be directly driven by both distributed generati...
The gas diffusion layer (GDL) is an important component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and its porosity distribution has considerable effects on the transport properties and durability of PEMFCs. A 3-D two-phase flow computation flu...
The problem of the optimal placement and sizing of renewable generation sources based on photovoltaic (PV) technology in electrical distribution grids operated in medium-voltage levels was studied in this research. This optimization problem is from t...
With many distribution networks adopting photovoltaic (PV) generation systems in their networks, there is a significant risk of over-voltages, reverse power flow, line congestion, and increased harmonics. Therefore, there is a need to estimate the am...
The blades of the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) are generally subjected to significant forces resulting from the flow field around the blade. These forces are the main contributor of the flow-induced vibrations that pose structural integrity ch...
P-type multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), as well as heterostructures fabricated by direct deposition of inorganic thermoelectric materials as antimony and bismuth chalcogenides on MWCNT networks are known as perspective materials for application...
This work presents a computational method for the simulation of wind speeds and for the calculation of the statistical distributions of wind farm (WF) power curves, where the wake effects and terrain features are taken into consideration. A three-par...
Water level fluctuations resulting from natural and anthropogenic factors have been projected to affect the functions and structures of wetland vegetation communities. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of the hydrological gradient on we...
Line loss rate plays an essential role in evaluating the economic operation of power systems. However, in a low voltage (LV) distribution network, calculating line loss rate has become more cumbersome due to poor configuration of the measuring and de...
InGaN-based photovoltaic devices have attracted great attention due to their remarkable theoretical potential for high efficiency. In this paper, the influence of different distributions of step-gradient indium content within the intrinsic region on...
The dispersion of urban pollutants is affected by the urban morphology parameters. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between PM2.5 distribution and urban morphology parameters in a cold-climate city in China. Field measur...
Running Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in distributed Internet of Things (IoT) nodes is a promising scheme to enhance the performance of IoT systems. However, due to the limited computing and communication resources of the IoT nodes, the communication e...
The economic dispatch problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) is becoming non-convex for distributed generators’ characteristics of valve-point loading effects, prohibited operating zones, and multiple fuel options. In this paper, the economic dispatc...
In this paper, a distributed randomized gradient-free algorithm (DRGF) is employed to solve the complex non-convex economic dispatch problem whose non-convex constraints include valve-point loading effects, prohibited operating zones, and multiple fu...
The high accuracy attainment, using less complex architectures of neural networks, remains one of the most important problems in machine learning. In many studies, increasing the quality of recognition and prediction is obtained by extending neural n...
The distributed policy gradient (PG) method has become a mainstream technique for finding optimal policies in multi-agent reinforcement learning. However, global convergence guarantees, which are the most basic measures of theoretical convergence per...
In distributed optimization, communication bottlenecks and computational heterogeneity are two critical challenges that undermine system scalability and efficiency. To address these issues, we propose a synchronous algorithm, CC-GT (Conjugate Compres...
This work addresses the challenge of performing distributed online convex optimization in resource-constrained systems, including IoT networks and wireless sensor networks, where communication resources are limited. We develop an edge-based event-tri...
The computational modelling and analysis of internal and external temperature distributions and their gradients, associated with the first stage of mammary tumors, was performed to relate thermal parameters to relevant tumor characteristics. A realis...
Understanding the distribution patterns and underlying maintenance mechanisms of insect species is a core issue in the field of insect ecology. However, research gaps remain regarding the environmental factors that determine the distribution of insec...
Despite the extensive and rapidly growing literature on microplastics in oceans and coastal seas, little information exists on microplastic distribution through the salinity gradient. This study is the first one to evaluate microplastic distribution...
This paper introduces a new nonrigid registration approach for medical images applying an information theoretic measure based on Arimoto entropy with gradient distributions. A normalized dissimilarity measure based on Arimoto entropy is presented, wh...
Core–shell nanostructures are powerful platforms for the development of novel nanoscale drug delivery systems with sustained drug release profiles. Coaxial electrospinning is facile and convenient for creating medicated core–shell nanostructures with...
Precision matrices can efficiently exhibit the correlation between variables and they have received much attention in recent years. When one encounters large datasets stored in different locations and when data sharing is not allowed, the implementat...
10 November 2020
The distribution of mosquitos and their corresponding hosts is critical in public health to determine the risk of transmission for vector-borne diseases. In this pilot study conducted in the small Mediterranean island of Ventotene, a known stopover s...
Owing to a long-term, extensive development model and inadequate industrial development planning, cases of atmospheric environment pollution frequently occur in Hebei province. By using such approaches as the Spatial Gini Coefficient, the Herfindahl&...
An airfoil inverse design method is proposed by using the pressure gradient distribution as the design target. The adjoint method is used to compute the derivatives of the design target. A combination of the weighted drag coefficient and the target d...
The rapid development of the modern power system puts forward high requirements for economic dispatch, and the defects of the traditional centralized economic dispatch method with low security and poor optimization effect have been difficult to adapt...
The airborne distributed position and orientation system (ADPOS), which integrates multi-inertia measurement units (IMUs), a data-processing computer, and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), serves as a key sensor in new higher-resolution ai...
The plant root is a dynamic system, which is able to respond promptly to external environmental stimuli by constantly adjusting its growth and development. A key component regulating this growth and development is the finely tuned cross-talk between...
Subspecies is a debated taxonomic rank that, in some cases, could indicate that a speciation process is taking place. Studying the degree of co-occurrence among subspecies along environmental gradients may help to determine its taxonomic status. In t...
The two subfamilies Hemerodromiinae and Clinocerinae, also known as aquatic dance flies, are a group of small predatory insects occurring mainly in mountainous areas and the northern temperate. However, very little is known about distribution pattern...
Anomalous ionospheric gradient is a critical risk to be monitored by ground-based augmentation systems (GBASs) utilized for safety-of-life navigation applications. A dual-frequency carrier phase-based ionospheric gradient monitoring method is propose...
The degree to which Grinnellian and Eltonian niche characteristics influence species distribution may depend on latitude. Tropical regions are environmentally stable and resource-rich, whereas temperate regions are comparatively less environmentally...
Plant species often separate strongly along steep environmental gradients. Our objective was to study how coupling between plant physiology and environmental conditions shapes vegetation characteristics along a distinct hydrological gradient. We ther...
We present results demonstrating several beneficial effects on distributed fiber optic vibration sensing (DVS) functionality and performance resulting from utilizing standard single mode optical fiber (SMF) with femtosecond laser-inscribed equally-sp...
Highlighting patterns of distribution and assembly of plants involves the use of community phylogenetic analyses and complementary traditional taxonomic metrics. However, these patterns are often unknown or in dispute, particularly along elevational...
Backward erosion by piping is one of the processes that threaten the stability of river embankments in the Netherlands. During high river stages, groundwater flow velocities underneath the embankment increase as a result of the steepened hydraulic gr...
Auxetic materials have a negative Poisson’s ratio, meaning they contract laterally during axial compression. Auxetics can also absorb more energy during impacts than conventional materials. Auxetic foam was fabricated by volumetrically compress...
The distribution of As, Cd, Cu and Se among biomolecules of different molecular weight (MW) in the heat-treated cytosolic fraction of livers and gonads of white suckers (WS; Catostomus commersonii) collected in a reference lake and in a lake subject...
Fully leveraging the four-wheel independent drive characteristics of distributed-drive electric vehicles has become essential for enhancing their driving range. However, conventional regenerative braking strategies applied to such vehicles often fail...
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