In this paper, we review and connect the three essential conditions needed by the collapse model to achieve a complete and exact formulation, namely the theoretical, the experimental, and the ontological ones. These features correspond to the three p...
With the advancement of in vivo studies and clinical trials, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been better understood. However, gaps still need to be better elucidated, which justifies the publication of reviews that explore the mech...
Over the last four decades, the Fontan operation has been the treatment of choice for children born with complex congenital heart diseases and a single-ventricle physiology. However, therapeutic options remain limited and despite ongoing improvements...
Diabetes prevalence is constantly increasing and, nowadays, it affects more than 350 million people worldwide. Therefore, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has also increased, becoming the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the...
Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is one of the severe ocular disorders occurring from stenosis or occlusion of the carotid arteries. As the ophthalmic artery is derived from the branch of the carotid artery, stenosis or occlusion of the carotid arterie...
The church of Saint Felix in Girona (Spain) is crowned by an octagonal bell tower with a stone pinnacle at each corner. It was built using dry-joint stone masonry, a technique that involves laying stones in a precise pattern to create a solid and dur...
Decarbonizing aviation, particularly for long-range operations, is critical for meeting international climate targets, yet it remains technically and operationally challenging. Experimental aircraft (EA) serve to enable flying research infrastructure...
A design of methodology for experimental identification of nonlinear dynamical systems using feed-forward MLP neural networks as dynamical neural models is presented in this paper. The proposed methodology consists of four modules and makes use of al...
The article presents experimental and numerical studies of bird models during impacts with rigid and deformable targets. The main aim of the studies is the validation of bird models in order to prepare them for the numerical simulation of bird impact...
Migraine is a disorder affecting an increasing number of subjects. Currently, this disorder is not entirely understood, and limited therapeutic solutions are available. Migraine manifests as a debilitating headache associated with an altered sensory...
Traditional cell culture is experiencing a revolution moving toward physiomimetic approaches aiming to reproduce healthy and pathological cell environments as realistically as possible. There is increasing evidence demonstrating that biophysical and...
Sarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability, falls, hospitalization, and mortality, and is becoming a major geri...
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes, leading to vision loss worldwide. The prevalence of DR has increased in recent decades. To understand the pathophysiology of DR, various experimental models have been developed and used...
Oxidative stress is a major pathological mechanism underlying ischemic stroke and contributes to neuronal injury, neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, and chronic neurological sequelae. Although numerous experimental models of ce...
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, which makes it a very impactful malignancy in the society. Breast cancers can be classified through different systems based on the main tumor features and gene, protein, and cell receptors ex...
The present paper defines and assesses a new simplified method to represent the photovoltaic (PV) modules’ electrical behavior, based on the commonly used one diode and three parameters (1D + 3P) model, addressing two main objectives. The first one i...
Severe and long-term vitamin C deficiency can lead to fatal scurvy, which is fortunately considered rare today. However, a moderate state of vitamin C (vitC) deficiency (hypovitaminosis C)—defined as a plasma concentration below 23 μM—is estimated to...
A significant debate is ongoing on the effectiveness of animal experimentation, due to the increasing reports of failure in the translation of results from preclinical animal experiments to human patients. Scientific, ethical, social and economic con...
Floating offshore wind turbines are complex dynamical systems. The use of numerical models is an essential tool for the prediction of the fatigue life, ultimate loads and controller design. The simultaneous wind and wave loading on a non-stationary f...
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare, aggressive disease with poor overall survival. In advanced cases, surgery is often not possible or fails; in addition, there is a lack of effective and specific therapies. Multidisciplinary approaches and advanced...
Respiratory viral co-infections by viruses such as influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are a significant clinical issue in high-risk populations such as children, elderly patients, and immunocompromised individuals. Seq...
Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between the process of producing and removing reactive oxygen species (ROS). With advancing age or in certain situations where oxidative stress cannot be combated, various pathologies such as inflammatory bowe...
Preclinical biomedical models are a fundamental tool to improve the knowledge and management of diseases, particularly in diabetes mellitus (DM) since, currently, the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms involved in its development are not ful...
Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory multisystem disease of unknown etiology that is characterised by epithelioid cell granulomatous lesions affecting various organs, mainly the lungs. In general, sarcoidosis is asymptomatic, but some cases result i...
Aging is a biological process determined by multiple cellular mechanisms, such as genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, ste...
In this review, we aimed to condense data on mammalian models of experimental infection with species of the genus Sporothrix, the causal agent of sporotrichosis, using the PRISMA methodology to search in three electronic databases: PubMed, Lilacs, an...
As the most common chronic degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of pain and physical disability, affecting millions of people worldwide. Mainly characterized by articular cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation, su...
In bone conduction (BC) hearing, sound is transmitted directly to the cochlea via skull vibrations, bypassing the outer and middle ear. This provides a therapeutic option for patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss and single-sided deafness. A...
Renal disease is a major public health challenge since its prevalence has continuously increased over the last decades. At the end stage, extrarenal replacement therapy and transplantation remain the only treatments currently available. To understand...
Candida biofilms play a critical role in clinical settings, contributing to persistent and device-associated infections and conferring resistance to antifungal agents, particularly in immunocompromised or hospitalized patients. Biofilm formation vari...
This study aimed to adjust the turbulence models to the real behavior of the numerical wave flume (NWF) and the future research that will be carried out on it, according to the turbulence model that best adjusts to each particular case study. The k-&...
This paper presents an experimental investigation of dynamic line rating (DLR) applied to aluminium conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR) overhead line conductors, with a specific focus on wind speed conditions up to 5 m/s. An experimental system was des...
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with traumatic injury. It describes the spectrum of coagulation abnormalities that occur because of the trauma itself and the body’s response to the traum...
Retinal degenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma, represent the main causes of a decreased quality of vision or even blindness worldwide. However, despite considerable eff...
Background and Objectives: Experimental models of diaphragmatic reconstruction vary considerably in defect size, operative access, respiratory management, and repair technique, limiting reproducibility and comparison between studies. This study aimed...
Glaucoma is a common complex disease that leads to irreversible blindness worldwide. Even though preclinical studies showed that lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) could prevent retinal ganglion cells loss, clinical evidence suggests that lessening...
The present work investigates different models of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. More specifically, three models are studied: a nonlinear state-space model, a generic dynamic model integrated into MATLAB/Simulink, and an equivalent RC electr...
In recent decades, cell biology has made rapid progress. Cell isolation and cultivation techniques, supported by modern laboratory procedures and experimental capabilities, provide a wide range of opportunities for in vitro research to study physiolo...
Electric ducted fans (EDFs) have emerged as promising propulsion systems due to their compact design, high thrust density, and enhanced operational safety. Accurate prediction of aerodynamic thrust is essential for EDF design and performance evaluati...
Oral cancer, predominantly represented by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), remains a major global health burden due to its aggressive clinical behavior, high recurrence rates, and limited improvement in survival over recent decades. Despite advan...
Reliable experimental platforms are essential for lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery characterization, equivalent circuit model (ECM) identification, and state-of-charge (SOC) estimator validation. However, access to commercial battery cyclers and high-end...
Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods are broadly used for detection and characterization/imaging of cracks. Simulation is of great interest for designing such NDT methods. To model the ultrasonic 3D response of a crack, ultrasonic high fr...
Since the establishment of a clear link between maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and certain birth defects, the research into the treatment of FASD has become increasingly sophisticated. The field has begun to explore the possibility of...
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of glucose-lowering agents widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A number of clinical trials in type 2 diabetic patients with different degrees of renal impairment hav...
Wildland fire behaviour is strongly governed by the coupled effects of wind and terrain slope, yet the literature remains fragmented across experimental, empirical, mathematical, and physics-based modelling traditions. A systematic scoping review wit...
Ground blast-furnace slag is one of the waste products available in Ukraine and other countries. It is obtained at metallurgical enterprises in huge quantities and can be efficiently used for concrete production. The article is devoted to obtaining e...
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a multifactorial, chronic bladder disorder with limited therapeutic options currently available. The present review provides an extensive overview of therapeutic approaches used in in vitro, ex...
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of tamoxifen and N-desmethyltamoxifen metabolites as therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii, using a repurposing approach to shorten the time required to...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by deficits in social interactions, communication, language, and in a limited repertoire of activities and interests. The etiology of ASD is very complex. Genetic, ep...
Proliferative vitreoretinal diseases (PVDs) encompass proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), epiretinal membranes, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. These vision-threatening diseases are characterized by the development of proliferative membran...
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