Meta-analysis is a statistical tool commonly used within systematic reviews to synthesize quantitative evidence, but individual studies with atypical results or disproportionate influence can materially affect pooled estimates, heterogeneity estimate...
Quality monitoring in diagnostic-device manufacturing requires datasets that preserve temporal, hierarchical, and calibration-related structure while avoiding information leakage in predictive evaluation. This study presents the Diabetes-QMS Benchmar...
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Decision Support Systems (DSSs) promise improvements in diagnostic accuracy and clinical workflow efficiency, but their adoption is hindered by inadequate confidence calibration, limited transparency, a...
Many calibrated hydrological models are inconsistent with the behavioral functions of catchments and do not fully represent the catchments’ underlying processes despite their seemingly adequate performance, if measured by traditional statistical erro...
sWe evaluated the diagnostic and predictive performance of the coupled General Ocean Turbulence Model–Framework for Aquatic Biogeochemical Models–Water Ecosystems Tool (GOTM–FABM–WET) in shallow Kun Cheng Lake, China. Monthly...
With the Euro 7 pollutant emission legislation currently under discussion, advanced and more efficient exhaust aftertreatment systems are being developed. The technologies required for these are leading to an increase in the number of components and...
A forced fault label does not establish that diagnostic evidence supports an engineering conclusion. This study evaluates a post-prediction D0–D5 layer combining calibrated class probabilities, predicted severity, pressure–torsion feature...
Background: Differentiating Ménière’s disease (MD) from vestibular migraine (VM) remains difficult because current diagnostic frameworks are predominantly clinical and incorporate pure-tone thresholds, risking incorporation bias....
As the conventional voltage and current (VI) probes widely used in plasma diagnostics have separate voltage and current sensors, crosstalk between the sensors leads to degradation of measurement linearity, which is related to practical accuracy. Here...
Satellite biomass products require locally relevant field information, but destructively measured reference data are rare in Mediterranean mountain beech forests. We used 60 felled Fagus sylvatica L. trees sampled in 2023–2024 in the Central Rh...
Wavelength-conditioned remote sensing foundation models accept flexible spectral configurations, but compatibility does not ensure effective spectral utilization. We investigate this issue for hyperspectral remote sensing salient object detection and...
Background/Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to medical image interpretation; however, their diagnostic accuracy and reliability in musculoskeletal radiology remain uncertain. This study evaluates the diagnostic perfor...
Large animals pose unique challenges when collecting diagnostic radiographic images due to the size and power constraints of current human-focused devices. A slit-scan radiographic system mounted on a purpose-built robotic manipulator can provide a s...
Artificial intelligence is widely proposed against antimicrobial resistance, but how much of that literature could support clinical deployment is unclear. We searched PubMed (2016–2026) across four domains, retrieving all 2446 records. Of 725 e...
PARP inhibitor (PARPi) sensitivity is related to tumor-specific defects in homologous recombination (HR). Therefore, there is great clinical interest in tests that can rapidly and reliably identify HR deficiency (HRD). Functional HRD tests determine...
A transparent reduced-order framework is developed for screening hydrogen energy share, H, defined as the fraction of total lower-heating-value fuel energy supplied by hydrogen, and diesel-injection timing in a hydrogen–diesel compression-ignit...
A meaningful characterization of the magnetic configuration of toroidal plasmas requires the identification and estimation of the sources of error on each magnetic measurement of the overall diagnostic system. Thus, the correct characterization of ma...
Diagnostic ultrasound or sonography is an image that can provide valuable information for diagnosing and treating a variety of diseases and conditions. The aim of this research study is to examine the performance and accuracy of the ultrasonic imagin...
This paper presents a broadband near-field probe designed for measuring the normal magnetic field (
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in breast ultrasound image analysis, but most evidence still comes from single-dataset studies. Clinical translation requires evaluation under heterogeneous acquisition and curation condition...
Bilirubin is a toxicological biomarker for hemolysis and liver diseases. The current automated diazo method used in clinical chemistry has limited applicability in rodent models and cannot be used in small animals relevant to toxicology, microphysiol...
The subject of study in this article is a method for industrial equipment vibration diagnostics that uses discrete Fourier transform and Allan variance to increase precision and accuracy of industrial equipment vibration diagnostics processes. We pro...
Food allergy is a common disease worldwide with over 6% of the population (200–250 million people) suffering from any food allergy nowadays. The most dramatic increase seems to be happening in children and young people. Therefore, improvements...
Background/Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in clinical decision-support, yet their sycophantic behavior in response to user-provided misleading contextual cues remains underexplored in image-based disciplines such as or...
Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch), is an economically significant pest of grapevines. Identification of phylloxera genotypes is an important aspect of management as genotypes differ in virulence and susceptibility to control us...
Background/Objectives: Multiplex and point-of-care (POC) diagnostics require each probe to detect one intended target while rejecting many closely related sequences under shared room-temperature conditions. The conventional focus on mismatch count is...
Thin sections are fundamental tools in mineralogy, petrography, archaeometry, paleontology, and heritage science, allowing for the microscopic study of mineral assemblages, rock textures, ceramic fabrics, and fossil microstructures. Although thin-sec...
Reliable milling monitoring requires calibrated intervention probabilities and evaluation that respects experimental clustering. This methods-and-evaluation study examines Hierarchical Bayesian Adaptive Fusion (HBAF), combining calibrated TabM and Ga...
Modern intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are often evaluated under matched training and test conditions, whereas deployment environments involve changing traffic distributions, heterogeneous feature-generation pipelines, and shifting attack prevalen...
Exhaled breath analysis for early disease detection may provide a convenient method for painless and non-invasive diagnosis. In this work, a novel, compact and easy-to-use breath analyzer platform with a modular sensing chamber and direct breath samp...
(1) Background: In the pursuit of enhancing diagnostic precision and treatment planning in orthodontics, accurate measurements in dental study casts of the different parameters of the dental arch stands as a critical element. Measurements such as den...
School retrofitting should aim to not only improve its energy performance, but also maintain a good IAQ. An optimal combination of retrofitting measures must be selected by considering the transient state changes of the outdoor and built environments...
Background/Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of Claude Opus 4.7 and Gemini Pro 3 for the differential diagnosis of oral autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) and evaluate their diagnostic reasoning, confidence, and calibration. Mater...
Single-plane fluoroscopy systems with image intensifiers remain commonly employed in a clinical setting. The imagery they capture is vulnerable to several types of geometric distortions introduced by the system’s components and their assembly a...
Nowadays, analytical techniques are moving towards the development of smart biosensing strategies for the point-of-care accurate screening of disease biomarkers, such as human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a recently discovered serum marker for early o...
Background: Schizophrenia is frequently underdiagnosed or diagnosed late due to the lack of objective diagnostic markers. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning model using routine hematological parameters for the auxiliary diagn...
Tropical perennial systems in Southeast Asia, including oil palm, rubber, and cocoa, are established on highly weathered soils under monsoonal climates that differ fundamentally from temperate systems for which most soil health frameworks were develo...
Measurement and diagnostic systems based on electronic sensors have been increasingly essential in the standardization of hospital equipment. The technical standard IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) 60601-2-19 establishes requirements f...
Expected shortfall (ES) is a tail functional whose estimation precision is governed by the effective tail sample size
The simulation of complex engineering components and structures under loads requires the formulation and adequate calibration of appropriate material models. This work introduces an optimisation-based scheme for the calibration of viscoelastic materi...
Knowledge of the time of HIV-1 infection and the multiplicity of viruses that establish HIV-1 infection is crucial for the in-depth analysis of clinical prevention efficacy trial outcomes. Better estimation methods would improve the ability to charac...
The pneumotachograph (PNT), a commonly used flowmeter in pulmonary function diagnostic equipment, is the required frequency calibration to maintain high accuracy. Aiming to simplify calibration steps, we developed a fast calibration system with a com...
Accurate identification of transformer insulation faults is essential for reliable power-system operation, and dissolved gas analysis (DGA) remains an important diagnostic tool. However, conventional Rogers’ Ratio interpretation relies on fixed...
The rapid digital transformation of the retail industry has generated large-scale, high-frequency data; yet many retailers still rely on siloed systems that decouple demand forecasting from operational inventory management. This separation often lead...
Objective. Esophageal dysmotility is a common and neglected complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) associated with poor prognosis, while the assessment remains a challenge. We aimed to develop a diagnostic model for esophageal dysmotility in SSc pa...
Energy reduction can benefit from the improvement of energy efficiency in buildings. For this purpose, simulation models can be used both as diagnostic and prognostic tools, reproducing the behaviour of the real building as accurately as possible. Hi...
Traffic simulation is essential for evaluating transportation policies, infrastructure changes, and mixed traffic scenarios with human-driven and autonomous vehicles, yet its reliability critically depends on accurate calibration of origin–dest...
Background/Objectives: Pulmonary embolism (PE) may represent the first clinical manifestation of a previously unrecognized malignancy. We aimed to develop the OncoScore, a diagnostic prediction score for estimating the probability of previously unrec...
Roll misalignment in roll-to-roll (R2R) processes is a critical cause of lateral displacement and tension imbalance, leading to dimensional instability and surface defects in polymer films. Conventional analyses based on beam or camber models often r...
This paper proposes a sensitive, sample preparation-free, rapid, and low-cost method for the detection of the B-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) gene mutation involving a substitution of valine to glutamic acid at codon 600 (V600E) in colorect...
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