In this paper, we present a comprehensive mathematical analysis of the hallucination phenomenon in generative pretrained transformer (GPT) models. We rigorously define and measure hallucination and creativity using concepts from probability theory an...
This study systematically evaluated the performance of three advanced large language models (LLMs)—GPT-4.0, ERNIE Bot 4.0, and GPT-4o—in the 2023 Chinese Medical Licensing Examination. Employing a dataset of 600 standardized questions, we...
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in professional examinations, but their relative performance on dental board-style questions remains unclear. This study compared two reasoning-optimized models, GPT-o3 and GPT-5T, with a general-pur...
Kinetic modeling is an essential tool in systems biology research, enabling the quantitative analysis of biological systems and predicting their behavior. However, the development of kinetic models is a complex and time-consuming process. In this art...
Recruitment automation increasingly relies on Large Language Models (LLMs) for extracting structured information from unstructured CVs and job postings. However, production data often arrive as heterogeneous, privacy-sensitive PDFs, limiting reproduc...
Background and Purpose: Neurology requires integration of clinical reasoning, imaging interpretation, and current knowledge, making it an ideal field for evaluating large language models (LLMs). Methods: Using 1715 questions from the Taiwan Neurology...
Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with visual foundation models have demonstrated significant advancements, achieving intelligence levels comparable to human capabilities. This study analyzes the latest Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), including Multimod...
Architectural design patterns are essential in software development because they offer proven solutions to large-scale structural problems in software systems and enable developers to create software that is more maintainable, scalable, and comprehen...
Background/Objectives: Interpretation of chest X-rays (CXRs) requires accurate identification of lesion presence, diagnosis, location, size, and number to be considered complete. However, the effectiveness of large language models with vision capabil...
Due to the proliferation of large language models (LLMs) and their widespread use in applications such as ChatGPT, there has been a significant increase in interest in AI over the past year. Multiple researchers have raised the question: how will AI...
User stories are widely used in agile requirements engineering, but their informal, natural language-based structure can introduce ambiguity, incomplete information, excessive scope, and other flaws that affect subsequent development activities. This...
This paper presents a pioneering methodology for refining product recommender systems, introducing a synergistic integration of unsupervised models—K-means clustering, content-based filtering (CBF), and hierarchical clustering—with the cu...
In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, customer reviews play a crucial role in shaping the reputation and success of hotels. Accurately analyzing and classifying the sentiment of these reviews offers valuable insights into customer sati...
Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction is crucial for optimizing predictive maintenance and resource management in industrial machinery. However, existing methods struggle with rigid spatiotemporal feature fusion, difficulty in capturing long-term de...
This study introduces DAVE (Digital Assistant for Virtual Engineering), a Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-powered digital assistant prototype, designed to enable real-time, multimodal interactions within Building Information Modeling (BIM) e...
To obtain a higher accuracy for the real-time Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD), a refined tropospheric delay correction model was constructed by combining the tropospheric delay correction model based on meteorological parameters and the GPT3 model. T...
Background: Large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5-Turbo and GPT-4 show potential to transform medical diagnostics through their linguistic and analytical capabilities. This study evaluates their diagnostic proficiency using English and German med...
This article evaluates the use of probing classifiers to modify the internal hidden state of a chess-playing transformer, which has been trained on sequences of chess moves and can generate new moves with prompted. Probing classifiers are a technique...
Background: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has opened new opportunities, yet the clinical validation of AI tools in dentistry remains limited. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the performance of ChatGPT in g...
Generative artificial intelligence (AI), including ChatGPT4o, is increasingly used across various sectors such as education. In this article, we introduce a new educational model, RoBuCACO, which combines the Butterfly Model for creative problem-solv...
The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has opened new avenues for integrating artificial intelligence into architectural design workflows. This paper explores the feasibility of applying generative AI to solve a classic combinatorial problem:...
This paper introduces WaterGPT, a language model designed for complex multimodal tasks in hydrology. WaterGPT is applied in three main areas: (1) processing and analyzing data such as images and text in water resources, (2) supporting intelligent dec...
“Can ChatGPT become a general purpose technology?” “How does the “privacy paradox” play a role in adopting ubiquitous AI technologies in a humane AI ecosystem?” To answer these research questions, this study examin...
Objectives: Large language models such as ChatGPT have been used to generate text in a conversational manner, and may be of use in providing patient information in a urological setting. This study evaluated the accuracy, presence of omissions, and pr...
Customers heavily depend on reviews for product information. Fake reviews may influence the perception of product quality, making online reviews less effective. ChatGPT’s (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) ability to generate human-like reviews and responses...
The delays of radio signals transmitted by global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellites and induced by neutral atmosphere, which are usually represented by zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD), are required as critical information both for GNSS po...
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of large language model (LLM)-based chatbot systems in predicting bone age and identifying growth stages, and to explore their potential as practical, infrastructure-independent...
The rapid advancement of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) models has led to their widespread adoption across applied domains such as healthcare, finance, education, and enterprise software engineering. However, the large-scale data requiremen...
Background/Objectives: Despite the growing popularity of large language models (LLMs), there remains a notable lack of research examining their role in workplace management. This study aimed to address this gap by evaluating the performance of ChatGP...
The incorporation of artificial intelligence in educational contexts has significantly transformed the support provided to students facing learning difficulties, facilitating both the management of their educational process and their emotions. Additi...
Tropospheric delay is one of the major error sources in GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) positioning. Over the years, many approaches have been devised which aim at accurately modeling tropospheric delays, so-called troposphere models. Usin...
ChatGPT plays significant roles in the third decade of the 21st Century. Smart cities applications can be integrated with ChatGPT in various fields. This research proposes an approach for developing large language models using generative artificial i...
Recently, the popularity of large language models (LLMs) used as artificial intelligence tools supporting humans has been growing. LLMs are applied in many fields, including increasingly for various sustainability-related issues. One of the most popu...
Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini are being increasingly adopted in medicine; however, their reliability in cardiology remains underexplored. Purpose of the study: To compare the performance of three general...
This article presents the development of a web application for automated translation of TXT, DOCX, and PDF documents, built with Next.js/React and integrated with OpenAI LLM models. The study investigates the influence of the sampling parameters temp...
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This research delves into the factors influencing the adoption of ChatGPT, a sophisticated AI-based chatbot, among Generation Z members in Croatia. Employing an extended UTAUT2 model, the impact of various factors on the behavioral intention to use C...
In this communication we aim to provide an overview of Earth observation and remote sensing in archaeology following a non-traditional literature review approach, that is, investigating recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and language...
Background and Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) are emerging as valuable tools in plastic surgery, potentially reducing surgeons’ cognitive loads and improving patients’ outcomes. This study aimed to assess and compare the current...
The increasing integration of generative artificial intelligence into higher education raises important questions about its role in supporting learning and cognitive processes. This study examines the relationships between ChatGPT use and cognitive l...
The recently released ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence conversational agent, has garnered significant attention in academia and real life. A multitude of early ChatGPT users have eagerly explored its capabilities and shared their opinions on socia...
ChatGPT, a Large Language Model (LLM) utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP), has caused concerns about its impact on job sectors, including cybersecurity. This study assesses ChatGPT’s impacts in non-managerial cybersecurity roles using t...
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) plays a pivotal role in elderly healthcare, serving as a theoretical framework. This study aimed to identify TAM’s core components, practical applications, challenges arising from its applications, and prop...
The public release of ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence language model, caused wide-spread public interest in its abilities but also concern about the implications of the application on academia, depending on whether it was deemed benevol...
The prior zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD) is an essential parameter for the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) high-precision data processing. Meanwhile, the precise ZHD facilitates the separation of...
This study examines the impact of ChatGPT-assisted learning on the academic achievement of hospitality and tourism students in Egyptian public universities, with particular emphasis on the mediating roles of perceived usefulness and self-regulated le...
This study presents the initial validation of the IMPACT model, a psychometric tool developed to evaluate how university faculty adopt ChatGPT in higher education. It specifically addresses the existing gap in validated instruments designed for educa...
SQL injection (SQLI) black-box detection, which simulates external attack scenarios, is crucial for assessing vulnerabilities in real-world web applications. However, existing black-box detection methods rely on predefined rules to cover the most com...
Frequent ambiguities in contract terms often lead to costly legal disputes and project delays in the construction industry. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution, enhancing accuracy and reducing misinterpretations. As studies pointe...
With the development of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reference station networks that provide rich data sources containing atmospheric information, the precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieved from GNSS remote sensing has become one of th...
Using an artificial neural network (ANN) multilayer perceptron (MLP) analysis, this study examined predictors of AI users’ behavioral intention to buy products recommended by ChatGPT-enabled virtual influencers. The findings from an ANN MLP ana...
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