This paper describes the protocol currently used at the Victoria and Albert Museum for the scientific analysis of water, oil and lacquer gilding in cultural heritage objects. The purpose of the protocol is to guide scientists, curators and conservato...
The high parallel computing performance of multicore processors has made them popular for real-time systems. However, compared to single-core processors, the worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis of multicore processors is confronted with challen...
The combination of in-vehicle networks and smart car devices has gradually developed into Intelligent Connected Vehicles (ICVs). Through the vehicle security protocol, ICVs can quickly realize communication transmission. However, with the more freque...
The integration of buses in industrial control systems, fueled by advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT), has led to their widespread adoption, significantly enhancing operational efficiency. However, with the increasing interconnection of...
Miniaturized wearable Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) offer new opportunities for the functional assessment of motor functions for medicine, sport, and ergonomics. Sparse reliability validation studies have been conducted without a common specific a...
23 April 2021
This review was carried out to analyse the functions of three Vector Graphic Editor applications (VGEs) applicable to clinical or research practice, and through this we propose a two-dimensional image analysis protocol in a VGE. We adapted the review...
The hydrological analysis of urban catchments is a critical consideration for all major civil engineering projects. The purpose of this article is to develop a general protocol to enhance the established techniques for estimating runoff from Irish ur...
This study aims to develop and evaluate a cycling-specific marker protocol that minimises the number of markers while accounting for the unique biomechanics of cycling. Although movements in the frontal and transverse planes during cycling are limite...
Introduction: Melanoma is a global disease that is predominant in Western countries. However, reliable data resources and comprehensive studies on the theragnostic efficiency of miRNAs in melanoma are scarce. Hence, a decisive study or comprehensive...
Background/Objectives: MicroRNAs are key post-transcriptional regulators involved in various diseases. Despite its status as the gold standard, real-time RT-PCR faces challenges arising from high sequence homology among closely related microRNAs and...
Background/Objectives: Chronic pain is a prevalent and complex condition associated with substantial physical, psychological, and social burden. Behavioural activation (BA), a structured psychological intervention originally developed for depression,...
Background: Preoperative anxiety causes profound psychological and physiological reactions that may lead to a worse postoperative recovery, higher intensity of acute and persistent postsurgical pain and impaired quality of life in the postoperative p...
The integration of large language models (LLMs) into structural engineering workflows presents both a transformative opportunity and a critical challenge. While LLMs enable intuitive, natural language interactions with complex data, their limited ari...
Self-care plays a critical role in symptom recognition, management, and risk factor modification for patients with chronic illnesses. Despite its significance, self-care levels in this population are generally poor. Health literacy (HL) is pivotal fo...
Internet of Things (IoT) malware and intrusions generate network-observable flow patterns, but high benchmark accuracy does not by itself establish transfer to new environments. This study presents Protocol-conditioned Analysis with Behavioral Threat...
The purpose of this study was to develop a motion analysis protocol that allows the simultaneous assessment of all hand and finger joint movements. The objective was to demonstrate repeatability for future clinical applications in functional assessme...
Applied engineering studies that use evolutionary multi-objective optimisation (MOO) rarely report confidence bounds on the Pareto-optimal solutions they recommend. This paper presents a four-stage sensitivity-analysis protocol that supplies them: cr...
Stroke survivors undertake low levels of physical activity and participation in daily life activities, but the correlation between these two domains still carries some degree of uncertainty. This systematic review and meta-analyses-based data synthes...
Background and Objective: Male stress urinary incontinence (UI), particularly after radical prostatectomy, remains a clinically relevant condition with a detrimental impact on patients’ quality of life. Non-adjustable male slings are widely use...
A rational exchange protocol is a type of e-commerce protocol that aims to maximize the participants’ own interests. The Buttyan model is commonly used to analyze the security of such protocols. However, this model has limitations in dealing wi...
Ratchet protocols are a class of secure protocols based on ratcheting encryption mechanisms, widely employed in instant messaging. Against the backdrop of frequent incidents of communication privacy breaches, ratchet protocols have become a vital tec...
3 February 2022
Background: Migraine is a common and disabling primary headache disorder, associated with many medical comorbidities, highly prevalent, with complex treatment and management. Currently, monoclonal antibodies targeting the trigeminal sensory neuropept...
The mode pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) protocol has attracted considerable attention for its capability to ensure high secure key rates over long distances without requiring global phase locking. However, ensuring symmetric channels for t...
Tsunamis and submarine earthquakes pose severe risks to coastal regions, demanding rapid and reliable monitoring systems. While the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART) system has been globally deployed, its dependence on pressure s...
Browsing is a prevalent activity on the World Wide Web, and users usually demonstrate significant expectations for expeditious information retrieval and seamless transactions. This article presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of the most f...
The standard interpretation of cognitive reflection tests assumes that correct responses are reflective and lured responses are unreflective. However, prior process-tracing of mathematical reflection tests has cast doubt on this interpretation. In tw...
Background: Patients with cardiovascular disease and risk factors for cardiovascular illness are more likely to acquire severe 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection (COVID-19). COVID-19 infection is more common in patients with cardiovascular...
Two main types of macrophages (Mφ) include inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. These cells can be obtained in vitro by polarization of monocytic cell lines using various stimuli. Since there is currently no consensus on the...
This meta-analysis investigates the acute (immediate) pre–post changes in the modulation of physiological tremor in healthy adults following physical exercise, including resistance-based protocols. Physiological tremor is characterized by low-a...
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is a network protocol used in IPv6 networks to manage communication between neighboring devices. NDP is responsible for mapping IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses and discovering the availability of neighboring devices...
Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) can act as a scalable backbone by connecting separate sensor networks and even by connecting WMNs to a wired network. The Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) is the default routing protocol for the 802.11s WMN. The rout...
Background/Objectives: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are managed with vertebroplasty (VP) or kyphoplasty (KP). Few studies have separated per-procedure expenditure into individual billing categories. This study examined the cost compon...
Security protocols are integral to the protection of cyberspace against malicious attacks. Therefore, it is important to be confident in the security of a security protocol. In previous years, people have worked on security of security protocol abstr...
Background/Objectives: Rapid DNA systems accelerate STR profiling but often require the consumption of the entire swab, limiting confirmation testing or downstream analyses. We previously validated a simple subsampling protocol for blood swabs on the...
Gene expression and SNPs data hold great potential for a new understanding of disease prognosis, drug sensitivity, and toxicity evaluations. Cluster analysis is used to analyze data that do not contain any specific subgroups. The goal is to use the d...
The Extensible Authentication Protocol–Transport Layer Security (EAP-TLS) is a critical authentication protocol for wireless networks and secure IoT communications. However, it faces significant challenges from man-in-the-middle attacks, includ...
This paper proposes a modular protocol for the designing of experimental studies to analyze exoskeletons used in industrial settings to support manual material handling (MMH). Despite exoskeleton technologies starting to be highly commercialized and...
Security analysis of composite protocols is a critical issue in the field of network security. In complex network environments, the traditional approach of analyzing a single protocol becomes inadequate when dealing with scenarios involving multiple...
Currently, an increasing number of third-party applications exploit the Bitcoin blockchain to store tamper-proof records of their executions, immutably. For this purpose, they leverage the few extra bytes available for encoding custom metadata in Bit...
This paper presents a formal security analysis of the ISA100.11a standard protocol using the Colored Petri Net (CPN) modeling approach. Firstly, we establish a security threat model for the ISA100.11a protocol and provide a detailed description and a...
IEC 61850 is one of the most prominent communication standards adopted by the smart grid community due to its high scalability, multi-vendor interoperability, and support for several input/output devices. Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events (GO...
The interconnection of Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) has created new opportunities for remote management, data storage in the cloud, real-time data transfer over long distances, or integration between different OT and IT...
Mitochondria play a crucial role in adapting to fluctuating energy demands, particularly in various heart diseases. In addition to functional analyses such as the measurement of ROS or ATP, analysis of mitochondrial ultrastructure can be used to draw...
Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBEM) is a powerful technique for three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis of biological samples, though its application to in vitro cultured human cells remains underutilized. In this study, we prese...
27 October 2022
Introduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a well-established treatment for patients with chronic lung disease; however, its role in patients with COVID-19 has not been systematically studied. We provide a protocol outlining the methods and analy...
The 5th generation mobile communication technology (5G) authentication and key management (AKA) protocol specified by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) includes three cases because it introduces synchronization failure and message authent...
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Due to the ageing of society and the extended life of the population, early diagnosis is a great challenge for healthcare. Unfortunately, the currently available diagnostic methods, in w...
The present work analyses the wireless sensor network protocol (DARP) and the impact of different configuration parameter sets on its performance. Different scenarios have been considered, in order to gain a better understanding of the influence of t...
N-glycome analysis of individual proteins and tissues is crucial for fundamental and applied biomedical research and medical diagnosis and plays an important role in the evaluation of the quality of biopharmaceutical and biotechnological products. Th...
Background: About 15 million people suffer a stroke each year, of which 10–15% occur in people under 50 years of age. The clinical management of neurological disorders depends on reliable diagnostic tools to identify impairments and aid in the...
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