Background: Obesity is a multifaceted metabolic disorder characterized by systemic disturbances, particularly impaired energy homeostasis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction across the brain, gut, adipose tissue, and liver...
Isocitric acid (ICA) has found wide application in medicine as a promising compound with powerful antioxidant activity to combat oxidative stress. In the known microbiological processes of ICA production by non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica,...
Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a key metabolic enzyme involved in postprandial glucose regulation through incretin hormone modulation, making it an important target in nutrition and metabolic health research. Although dietary and plant-...
Adaptation of metabolism is a response of many eukaryotic cells to nutrient heterogeneity in the cell microenvironment. One of these adaptations is the shift from respiratory to fermentative metabolism, also called the Warburg/Crabtree effect. It is...
In filamentous fungal Aspergillus species, growth, development, and secondary metabolism are genetically programmed biological processes, which require precise coordination of diverse signaling elements, transcription factors (TFs), upstream and down...
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are serious threats to human health and impose a significant burden on individuals and society. As the two critical and complex organs with the highest metabolic demands, the brain and the heart form an int...
New knowledge about the gut microbiota and its interaction with the host’s metabolic regulation has emerged during the last few decades. Several factors may affect the composition of the gut microbiota, including dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is...
Cancer development, growth, and metastasis are highly regulated by several transcription regulators (TRs), namely transcription factors, oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, and protein kinases. Although TR roles in these events have been well characte...
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of tumors. Alterations of cellular metabolism not only contribute to tumor development, but also mediate the resistance of tumor cells to antitumor drugs. The metabolic response of tumor cells to variou...
Background: Light intensity and spectral quality are important abiotic factors that induce metabolic reprogramming in medicinal plants, thereby enabling adaptive responses to diverse radiation environments. This systematic review examines how differe...
Secondary metabolism is one of the important mechanisms by which fungi adapt to their living environment and promote survival and reproduction. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and...
Current findings of neighboring genes involved in plant specialized metabolism provide the genomic signatures of metabolic evolution. Two such genomic features, namely, (i) metabolic gene cluster and (ii) neo-functionalization of tandem gene duplicat...
Stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis through precisely regulated self-renewal and differentiation, processes largely dependent on metabolic control. The Drosophila testis provides an ideal model system to study metabolism regulation of stem cell ho...
Complex feedback regulation patterns shape the cellular metabolic response to external or internal perturbations. We propose here a framework consisting of a sampling-based metabolic control analysis of kinetic models to investigate the modes of regu...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has emerged as a key regulator of metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative homeostasis, extending beyond its traditional function as an incretin hormone. This narrative review summarises the latest evidence from two decad...
There is a wide variety of kinds of lipids, and complex structures which determine the diversity and complexity of their functions. With the basic characteristic of water insolubility, lipid molecules are independent of the genetic information compos...
Metabolism is the central engine of living organisms as it provides energy and building blocks for many essential components of each cell, which are required for specific functions in different tissues. Mitochondria are the main site for energy produ...
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1s (PGC-1s) can induce the expression of several downstream genes that play pivotal roles in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism in the heart. Moreover, PGC-1...
Lipids and carbohydrates regulate gene expression by means of molecules that sense these macronutrients and act as transcription factors. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), activated by some fatty acids or their derivatives, and t...
Based on the known role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic syndrome, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with immunochemical detection of protein carbonyls (2D-Oxyblot) to characterize the carbonylated protei...
Natural killer (NK) cells are the main cytotoxic lymphocytes of the natural immune system, which play an important role in tumor immune surveillance and anti-viral response. The surface receptor NKG2D can recognize NKG2D ligands on the surface of tum...
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a crucial cofactor in metabolic networks. The efficient regeneration of NADPH is one of the limiting factors for productivity in biotransformation processes. To date, many metabolic engin...
Over the past few decades, bioengineered cyanobacteria have become a major focus of research for the production of energy carriers and high value chemical compounds. Besides improvements in cultivation routines and reactor technology, the integral un...
Central nervous system (CNS) insulin signaling is involved in a broad array of cardiometabolic physiology, including glucose and lipid metabolism, feeding, energy expenditure, and blood pressure regulation. A key role for hypothalamic neuroendocrine...
Per-Arnt-Sim Kinase (PASK) is an evolutionarily-conserved nutrient-responsive protein kinase that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, phosphorylation, and gene expression. Recent data suggests that mammalian PAS kinase...
Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are key regulators in a number of cellular functions, including actin cytoskeleton remodeling and vesicle traffic. Traditionally, Rho GTPases are studied because of their function in cell migration and cancer,...
5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a common form of DNA methylation, essentially acting as an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression by affecting the binding of transcription factors to DNA or by recruiting proteins that make it difficult to r...
Beyond its role on the conversion of nutrients into energy and biomass, cellular metabolism is actively involved in the control of many physiological processes. Among these, it is becoming increasingly evident that specific metabolic pathways are ass...
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites, vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and repair of adult tissues. Abnormal tissue levels of the vitamin...
9 September 2022
Polyphenols and representative small phenolic acids and molecules derived from larger constituents are dietary antioxidants from fruits, vegetables and largely other plant-based sources that have ability to scavenge free radicals. What is often negle...
Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for plant development. Plants synthesize sucrose in source organs and transport them to sink organs during plant growth. This metabolism is sensitive to environmental changes in light quantity, quality, and...
Iron is essential for vital biological processes, with its metabolism closely linked to host–pathogen interactions. Pseudomonas donghuensis HYS, with its superior iron uptake capacity, demonstrates pronounced virulence toward Caenorhabditis ele...
Early obesity predicts initial modifications in cardiac and vascular autonomic regulation. The aim of this study was to assess the possible interaction between non-invasive measures of autonomic cardiovascular control and peripheral endothelium regul...
Polyamines play a pivotal role in regulating the growth and metabolic adaptation of microalgae, yet their integrative regulatory roles remain underexplored. This review advances a comprehensive perspective of microalgae growth, integrating polyamine...
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are G protein-coupled receptors that are widely expressed across tissues, traditionally associated with cardiovascular, neurological, and immune regulation. Recent studies, however, have highlighted their non-canonical funct...
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a primary cause of visual impairment and blindness in premature newborns, characterized by vascular abnormalities in the developing retina, with microvascular alteration, neovascularization, and in the most severe...
Background/Objectives: Intermittent fasting (IF) has been widely investigated for its metabolic effects, including improvements in insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory markers. However, its psychological and experiential dimensions...
Sebacic acid (SA), a ten-carbon medium-chain dicarboxylic acid, has emerged as a multifunctional bioactive metabolite with potential applications in metabolic regulation and regenerative medicine. Evidence indicates that SA exerts anti-inflammatory e...
Fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7) is a multifunctional lipid chaperone that is enriched in radial glia and astrocytes within the central nervous system (CNS) and is frequently upregulated in glioma. Beyond its established roles in glial developmen...
Postnatal development in developing beef bulls is regulated through coordinated interactions among nutritional, metabolic, endocrine, and physiological processes that collectively determine structural maturation, reproductive competence, and breeding...
Legume medicinal plants Astragalus membranaceus are widely used in the world and have very important economic value, ecological value, medicinal value, and ornamental value. The bioengineering technology of medicinal plants is used in the protec...
The hypothalamic peptide oxytocin and its receptor are involved in a range of physiological processes, including parturition, lactation, cell growth, wound healing, and social behavior. More recently, increasing evidence has established the effects o...
This review focuses on a rare group of steroids and triterpenoids that share common properties as regulators of lipid metabolism. This group of compounds is divided by the type of chemical structure, and they represent: aromatic steroids, steroid pho...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa encodes a large set of transcriptional regulators (TRs) that modulate and manage cellular metabolism to survive in variable environmental conditions including that of the human body. The AraC family regulators are an abundant g...
Cys is one of the least abundant amino acids in proteins. However, it is often highly conserved and is usually found in important structural and functional regions of proteins. Its unique chemical properties allow it to undergo several post-translati...
As bulk chemicals, diols have wide applications in many fields, such as clothing, biofuels, food, surfactant and cosmetics. The traditional chemical synthesis of diols consumes numerous non-renewable energy resources and leads to environmental pollut...
Androstenedione (AD) is an important intermediate for the production of steroidal drugs. The process of transforming phytosterols into AD by Mycolicibacterium is mainly the degradation process of the phytosterol side chain, and the excessive accumula...
Background and Objectives: Orofacial pain corresponds to pain sensitization originating from the facial and oral regions, often accompanied by diagnostic complexity due to a multitude of contributory factors, leading to significant patient distress a...
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with meta-inflammation related to obesity but the role of adipose tissue in PH pathogenesis is unknown. We hypothesized that adipose tissue-derived metabolic regulators are altered in human and experimental P...
Salt stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that restrict crop production. Melatonin (MT), a signal molecule widely present in plants, plays an important role in regulating abiotic stress response. In this study, celery seedlings were used as exp...
of 522