3,177 Results Found

The carrying capacity of the environment for a population is one of the key concepts in ecology and it is incorporated in the growth term of reaction-diffusion equations describing populations in space. Analysis of reaction-diffusion models of popula...

The carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) is among others dependent of the hemoglobin value. The result of DLCO test in patients with anemia change when we adjust DLCO for hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. The aim of the study was to estimate if the...

Background: The diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a key measure of alveolar–capillary gas exchange, but its clinical significance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains incompletely defined. This stud...

The protective mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during one-lung ventilation (OLV) is impaired in patients with a low diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL_CO). We hypothesized that iloprost inhalation would improve oxygenation and...

Lung involvement is the most common extraglandular manifestation of primary Sjögren’s Disease (pSjD). There is an increasing interest in finding the clinical/serological risk predictors of this feature. A cross-sectional study evaluating a...

Introduction: Curatively intended chemo-radio-immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stage III may lead to post-therapeutic pulmonary function (PF) impairment. We hypothesized that the decrease in global PF corresponds to the increase i...

Background: Dyspnea is a common persistent symptom after acute coronavirus disease 2019 illness (COVID-19). One potential explanation for post-COVID-19 dyspnea is a reduction in diffusion capacity. This longitudinal study investigated diffusion capac...

(1) Background: A reduction in the diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide is a prevalent longer-term consequence of COVID-19 infection. In patients who have zero or minimal residual radiological abnormalities in the lungs, it has been deb...

This paper experimentally studies the effects of fly ash on the diffusion, bonding, and micro-properties of chloride penetration in concrete in a water soaking environment based on the natural diffusion law. Different fly ash replacement ratio of cem...

Due to its unique chemical structure, hydrogen energy inherently has a high calorific value without reinforcing global warming, so it is expected to be a promising alternative energy source in the future. In this work, we focus on nanoconfined hydrog...

Exposure to hyperoxic conditions can induce pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Divers of the Special Operations Forces (SOF) use oxygen rebreather systems during dives, and therefore are frequently exposed to hyperoxic conditions. Few studies have repo...

Carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) is negatively associated with patient survival in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (PH), but is not included in the risk stratification score proposed by the 2015 European guidelines. Since 2015, several new...

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) impairs the respiratory system and increases the morbidity and mortality of respiratory diseases. Even though aerobic exercise is known to improve pulmonary function in diverse populations, it can lead to a...

This study compared the effects of varying aerobic training programs on pulmonary diffusing capacity (TL_CO), pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (TL_NO), lung capillary blood volume (Vc) and alveolar–capillary membrane diffusing capaci...

The European Union aims to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 and reach climate neutrality by 2050, targets that depend on expanding renewable generation in the European energy system. While photovoltaic (PV) capacity has grown quickly in se...

Patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease show higher systemic oxidative stress and exhale more hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) than healthy controls. Kidney transplantation reduces oxidative stress and H₂O₂ production by blood polymorphonuclear leukoc...

Long-term alterations of pulmonary function (mainly decreased airway conductance and capacity of the lungs to diffuse carbon monoxide (DLCO)) have been described after hyperbaric exposures. However, whether these alterations convey a higher risk for...

A large proportion of patients exhibit persistently reduced pulmonary diffusion capacity after COVID-19. It is unknown whether this is due to a post-COVID restrictive lung disease and/or pulmonary vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to...

Red blood cell (RBC) distribution, RBC shape, and flow rate have all been shown to have an effect on the pulmonary diffusing capacity. Through this study, a gas diffusion model and the immersed finite element method were used to simulate the gas diff...

Background and Objectives: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by alveolar-capillary membrane remodeling and impaired gas diffusion. The diffusing capacity of the lung for nitric oxide...

Whether chloride resistance is highly influenced by chloride binding capacity remains unknown. In this study, the chloride resistance of Portland cement-based mortar incorporating aluminate cement and calcium carbonate was investigated considering th...

This letter addresses errors in the statistical analysis found in a paper addressing pulmonary diffusing capacity and decompression sickness. Our re-analysis could not confirm any of the significant statistical contrasts described for the bubble data...

The LiF–BeF₂ system is used as a heat transfer medium in molten salt reactors (MSRs). The thermal diffusivity of Li₂BeF₄ was studied using the laser flash analysis (LFA) method in solid and transition states. While the thermal diffusivity is sh...

Although the thermal conductivity of molten salt mixtures is of interest for many potential technological applications, precise values are often hard to obtain. In this study, the thermal diffusivity of FliNaK was studied in a molten state using the...

Background: In low- and middle-income countries, such as Vietnam, the population is exposed to multiple risks, leading to frequent allergic asthma, COPD and their overlap (ACO). We aimed to differentiate asthma and COPD, so that recommended treatment...

To study the applicability of the new geopolymer grouting material for super-long and large-diameter post-grouting bored piles in silty fine sand geology, this paper compares the bearing capacity of two grouting materials, geopolymer and normal Portl...

The aim of this paper was to investigate the repeatability of sorption processes occurring in the coal-methane system during multiple measurement series. For research purposes, three granular samples of coal sorbent were used. The samples were subjec...

In this study, we proposed a non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) method for assessing the micro-scale fatigue damage of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) structures. The process involves evaluating the thermophysical properties of...

This paper presents a new algorithm that predicts the service life of concrete contains supplementary cementitious materials, SCMs, and determines time of corrosion initiation. The algorithm drives effective diffusivity from an apparent diffusion mod...

This article presents research results into the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) to determine coal’s sorption parameters, such as the maximal sorption capacity and effective diffusion coefficient. Determining these parameters i...

Tuberculosis-related lung damage is very different. Lung ventilation disorders have been studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) during the active process and after treatment, but the main causes of gas exchange changes have not been suf...

In this work, measurements of thermal diffusivity, heat capacity and thermal expansion of 40HM (42CrMo4, 1.7225, AISI 4140) steel manufactured conventionally and via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) were carried out in the temperature range from room...

The gravimetric method for determining coal gas sorption has many advantages and limitations. The article presents the influence of various factors on the results of methane sorption on coal. In mining practice, in addition to sorption properties of...

The roasting process of Gari (Gelatinized cassava mash), a shelf-stable cassava product, is energy-intensive. Due to a lack of information on thermal characteristics and scarcity/rising energy costs, heat and mass transfer calculations are essential...

LiNO₃-NaNO₃-KNO₃-NaNO₂ has a relatively low phase-change temperature, making it suitable for low-temperature heat utilization systems. This study focuses on the performance optimization of the quaternary molten salt to advance its applicability. A se...

Measurements of transmission as well as thermophysical properties have been carried out for different concentrations of SiO₂ nanoparticles (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 wt.%) in pure water (W) and ethylene glycol–water mixture (EG/W) in a weight rati...

The article presents comparative characteristics of the pore structure and sorption properties of raw halloysite (R-HAL) and after calcination (C-HAL) at the temperature of 873 K. Structural parameters were determined by optical scanning and transmis...

Recycling of acid from aqueous waste streams is crucial not only from the environmental point of view but also for maturing the feasible method (diffusion dialysis). Anion exchange membrane (AEM)–based diffusion dialysis process is one of the benefic...

Introduction: Decreased diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is observed in some idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, but its clinical significance is uncertain. We aimed to assess clinical correlates and p...

Introduction: Decreased diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is observed in some idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, but its clinical significance is uncertain. We aimed to assess clinical correlates and p...

Li-Nb-O-based insertion layers between electrodes and electrolytes of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are known to protect the electrodes and electrolytes from unwanted reactions and to enhance Li transport across interfaces. An improved operation of LIBs, i...

This study evaluates nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pollution in the Ankara River Sub-basin, Türkiye, using the grey water footprint (GWF) approach. A Tier-1 GWF approach was applied, complemented by a sensitivity analysis to assess the influen...

In this study, the thermophysical properties such as the thermal expansion, thermal diffusivity and conductivity, and specific heat capacity of ceramic samples made from kaolin and natural zeolite are investigated up to 1100 °C. The samples were prep...

Measurements of thermal diffusivity, heat capacity and thermal expansion of X37CrMoV5-1 (1.2343) hot-work tool steel and Maraging 350 (1.6355) steel in the temperature range from −50 °C to 1000 °C were carried out in this paper. Both X3...

This paper models innovation diffusion trajectories within capacity-limited market niches. To overcome the structural limitations of classical phenomenological frameworks (Bass, Gompertz, and Mansfield models)—namely, rigidly fixed trajectory a...

The inevitable diffusion of vanadium ions across the membrane can cause considerable capacity loss and temperature increase in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) over long term operation. Reliable experimental data of the permeability rates of van...

Introduction: The Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) system is a tool for predicting prognosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Yet, to date, the GAP system has not been evaluated in patients with IPF who received nintedanib. Material ...

Swimming exercise at sea level causes a transient decrease in lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL_CO). The exposure to hypobaric hypoxia can affect lung gas exchange, and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction may elicit pulmonary oedema. The...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by immune system dysregulation with frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including airway involvement. A reduction in CO diffusing capacity and functional alterations in small airways have been described....

The aim of this article was to improve the solid-phase synthesis of Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C composite for sodium-ion battery cathode materials using an innovative technique for creating a protective reducing atmosphere, which is formed by incomplete oxidation...