This paper details the design of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-shielded waterproof crack-based stretchable strain sensor, in which the electrical characteristics and sensing performance are not influenced by changes in humidity. This results in a h...
Directional force sensing is an intrinsic feature of tactile sensing. As technologies of exploratory robots evolve, with special emphasis on the emergence of soft robotics, it is crucial to equip robotic end-effectors with effective means of characte...
An efficient and inexpensive post-process method to waterproof an electrically actuated microtransducer has been studied. The electrical signals of microtransducers operating in electrically conductive fluids must be effectively isolated from the sur...
Discrete particle dynamics is one of the least understood aspects of river bedload transport, but in situ measurement of stone movement during floods poses a significant technical challenge. A promising approach to address this knowledge gap is to us...
Development of flexible strain sensors that can be attached directly onto the skin, such as skin-mountable or wearable electronic devices, has recently attracted attention. However, such flexible sensors are generally exposed to various harsh environ...
In this work, new highly sensitive graphene-based flexible strain sensors are produced. In particular, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films filled with different amounts of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are produced and their applicatio...
Moisture causes detuning and increased losses in textile antennas, and it affects resonant and wideband textile antennas differently. In this work, we studied the effect of moisture on a resonant textile planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and a wideban...
The demand for waterproofing of polymer (parylene) coating encapsulation has increased in a wide variety of applications, especially in the waterproof protection of electronic devices. However, parylene coatings often produce pinholes and cracks, whi...
In this paper, the calculation of the conductor temperature is related to the temperature sensor position in high-voltage power cables and four thermal circuits—based on the temperatures of insulation shield, the center of waterproof compound, the al...
Cracking in semi-rigid cement-stabilized macadam bases constitutes a prevalent distress in asphalt pavements. While extensive research exists on grouting materials for crack rehabilitation, quantitative assessment methodologies for treatment efficacy...
Freeze-thaw damage is a typical distress incurred in road and railway engineering in cold regions. Concrete waterproofing layer is commonly used in high-speed railway tracks to prevent the penetration of surface water, however, it cracks easily under...
Among many flexible mechanosensors, a crack-based sensor inspired by a spider’s slit organ has received considerable attention due to its great sensitivity compared to previous strain sensors. The sensor’s limitation, however, lies on its...
Low-temperature conditioning is a key procedure in the flexibility evaluation of waterproofing membranes and directly affects the reliability of subsequent performance assessments. However, the internal unsteady-state heat transfer kinetics and the t...
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is an important parameter in the plant photosynthesis process, which can relate to plant growth, crop water use, and leaf gas exchange. Previously, many researchers utilized commercially available sensors to...
The advent of self-powered arrays of tribological nanogenerators (TENGs) that harvest mechanical energy for data collection has ushered in a promising avenue for human motion monitoring. This emerging trend is poised to shape the future landscape of...
This paper presents the development of a real-time microsensor-based monitoring system that can be used to detect and characterize volatile organic compounds in soil and groundwater. The system employs an array of polymer-based microsensors (chemires...
Due to the complex working medium of oil in construction engineering, the waterproof valve in mixing machinery can easily cause different degrees of failure. Moreover, under adverse working conditions and complicated noise backgrounds, it is very dif...
A flexible hot-film sensor array for wall shear stress, flow separation, and transition measurement has been fabricated and implemented in experiments. Parylene C waterproof layer is vapor phase deposited to encapsulate the sensor. Experimental studi...
Temperature, salinity, and pressure (TSP) are essential parameters for the ocean. Optical fiber sensors (OFSs) have rapidly come into focus as an ocean detection technology in recent years due to their advantages of electromagnetic interference, ligh...
In this paper, an acceleration sensing node for pavement vibration was developed to monitor traffic information, including vehicle speed, vehicle types, and traffic flow, where a hardware design with low energy consumption and node encapsulation coul...
A portable environmental sensor for agricultural applications is proposed that addresses key challenges in power supply, data transmission, and monitoring efficiency. The sensor features a photovoltaic power supply and a PID-based dynamic active&ndas...
Open-source devices are nowadays used in a vast number of research fields like medicine, education, agriculture, and sports, among others. In this work, an open-source, portable, low-cost pH logger, appropriate for in situ measurements, was designed...
In flammable or explosive environments, an ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement poses an important engineering safety challenge, because the driving circuit uses an intermediate frequency transformer as an impedance transformation element, in w...
A stretchable optical sensor can quantify the strain generated by human movement, which has been widely studied in the development of health monitoring systems, human–machine interfaces and wearable devices. This paper reports a graphene-added...
Vegetation has become very important decision-making information in promoting tasks such as urban regeneration, urban planning, environment, and landscaping. In the past, the vegetation index was calculated by combining images of various wavelength r...
Real-time monitoring of drug delivery in an intravenous infusion system can prevent injury caused by improper drug doses. As the medicine must be administered into the vein at different rates and doses in different people, an ideal intravenous infusi...
The use of wireless sensors for real-time monitoring of field water level would greatly facilitate the application of alternate wetting and drying (AWD), an irrigation water management technique proven to result to significant water savings and reduc...
Behavioral assessment, such as systematic scoring or biomechanical measurement, is often used to evaluate the extent of the damage and the degree of recovery after spinal cord injury. However, the use of these methods in standardized evaluation is li...
Understanding hand–paddle interaction is essential for optimizing performance and preventing injury in kayaking, yet coaches still lack objective, practical tools. We present a soft, instrumented glove that measures and dynamically maps palmar...
The present paper assesses the performance and characteristics of fiber Bragg grating sensors, with a special interest in their applications in hydraulic machinery and systems. The hydropower industry is turning to this technology with high expectati...
A new nondestructive inspection method, the magnetic hammer test (MHT), which uses a compact and highly sensitive tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor, is proposed. This method complements the magnetic flux leakage method and eliminates the issues o...
This paper presents a novel multi-sensor system for enhanced maneuver analysis in Olympic dinghy sailing. In the ILCA class, there is an increasing demand for precise in-field measurement and analysis of physical properties beyond well-established ve...
The development of capacitive pressure sensors with low cost, high sensitivity and facile fabrication techniques is desirable for flexible electronics and wearable devices. In this project, a highly sensitive and flexible capacitive pressure sensor w...
A wireless flexible air velocity microsensor was developed by using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Polyimide (PI) material was selected for the waterproof and oilproof requirements of the cold air duct environment of heating, ven...
Flexible pressure sensors have drawn growing attention in areas like human physiological signal monitoring and human–computer interaction. Nevertheless, it still remains a significant challenge to guarantee their long-term stability while attai...
This paper introduces a search-and-rescue robot system used for remote sensing of the underground coal mine environment, which is composed of an operating control unit and two mobile robots with explosion-proof and waterproof function. This robot sys...
Impact loads can have major adverse effects on the safety of civil engineering structures, such as concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns. The study of mechanical behavior and stress analysis of CFST columns under impact loads is very important...
Despite the tremendous efforts dedicated to developing various wearable piezoresistive sensors with sufficient stretchability and high sensitivity, challenges remain pertaining to fabrication scalability, cost, and efficiency. In this study, a facile...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) consist of a range of manufactured fluorinated chemicals that are used in a variety of household and waterproofing products, industrial processes, and firefighting foams. In the past few years, there has bee...
High-strength bolts play an essential role in connecting steel structural components across bridges, buildings, and machinery, thanks to their low cost and broad adaptability. However, prolonged exposure to complex loading and harsh environments can...
The increase of source-separation of bio-waste, largely represented by food waste, and their subsequent biological treatment, is essential in waste management strategy. Aerobic and biological composting of bio-waste is a process that requires experie...
Scour around bridge piers remains the leading cause of bridge failure induced in flood. Floods and torrential rains erode riverbeds and damage cross-river structures, causing bridge collapse and a severe threat to property and life. Reductions in bri...
Drowning is considered amongst the top 10 causes of unintentional death, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, anti-drowning systems that can save lives by preventing and detecting drowning are much needed. This paper proposes...
This paper presents the design, development, and testing of an IoT-enabled smart stick for visually impaired people to navigate the outside environment with the ability to detect and warn about obstacles. The proposed design employs ultrasonic sensor...
Inspired by lotus leaves in nature, superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted extensive attention in many fields. However, their complex preparation process, poor durability and high cost seriously restrict their large-scale application in industrial...
The photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal is widely measured by smart watches and fitness bands for heart rate monitoring. New applications of the PPG are also emerging, such as to detect irregular heart rhythms, track infectious diseases, and monitor bloo...
The structural evolution of concrete during different hydration stages critically influences subsequent strength, and continuous monitoring throughout this process has become a research focus in materials science. This study proposes an embedded ultr...
Accurate monitoring of sodium and potassium ions in biological fluids is crucial for diseases related to electrolyte imbalance. Low-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes can be used to construct biochemical sensors based on high-performance...
Spectroscopic technology offers the advantage of rapid online monitoring and has attracted significant attention in molecular detection. However, the complex optical spectroscopic structure results in a relatively complex structure for spectral detec...
Long-term corrosion, construction irregularities, road pressure and other reasons lead to various defects in urban sewer pipelines. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) and quick view (QV) are currently the most commonly used techniques to detect the int...
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