A Flexible Hot-Film Sensor Array for Underwater Shear Stress and Transition Measurement
1
Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
2
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2018, 18(10), 3469; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103469
Received: 5 September 2018
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Revised: 2 October 2018
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Accepted: 11 October 2018
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Published: 15 October 2018
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
A flexible hot-film sensor array for wall shear stress, flow separation, and transition measurement has been fabricated and implemented in experiments. Parylene C waterproof layer is vapor phase deposited to encapsulate the sensor. Experimental studies of shear stress and flow transition on a flat plate have been undertaken in a water tunnel with the sensor array. Compared with the shear stress derived from velocity profile and empirical formulas, the measuring errors of the hot-film sensors are less than 5%. In addition, boundary layer transition of the flat plate has also been detected successfully. Ensemble-averaged mean, normalized root mean square, and power spectra of the sensor output voltage indicate that the Reynolds number when transition begins at where the sensor array located is 1.82 × 105, 50% intermittency transition is 2.52 × 105, and transition finishes is 3.96 × 105. These results have a good agreement with the transition Reynolds numbers, as measured by the Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) system.
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Keywords:
flexible; hot-film sensor; shear stress; transition; underwater
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MDPI and ACS Style
Sun, B.; Wang, P.; Luo, J.; Deng, J.; Guo, S.; Ma, B. A Flexible Hot-Film Sensor Array for Underwater Shear Stress and Transition Measurement. Sensors 2018, 18, 3469. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103469
AMA Style
Sun B, Wang P, Luo J, Deng J, Guo S, Ma B. A Flexible Hot-Film Sensor Array for Underwater Shear Stress and Transition Measurement. Sensors. 2018; 18(10):3469. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103469
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Baoyun, Pengbin Wang, Jian Luo, Jinjun Deng, Shiqi Guo, and Binghe Ma. 2018. "A Flexible Hot-Film Sensor Array for Underwater Shear Stress and Transition Measurement" Sensors 18, no. 10: 3469. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103469
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