Array gain (AG) is significant in evaluating the detection performance of the vertical line array, which is directly determined by the correlation of signal and noise, respectively. In this paper, we analyze the vertical correlation for a 16-element...
To solve the problem of array detection performance in environments with mesoscale eddies, this study utilizes the Gaussian eddy model to describe the sound speed structure disturbed by eddies. Through numerical simulations, the corresponding sound f...
The hydrodynamic interference between tidal turbines must be considered when predicting their overall hydrodynamic performance and optimizing the layout of the turbine array. These factors are of great significance to the development and application...
A number of vertical array records during eight destructive earthquakes in Japan are utilized, after discussing criteria for desirable requirements of vertical arrays, to formulate seismic amplification between ground surface and outcrop base for sei...
To address the performance degradation of target elevation estimation for deep-sea vector hydrophone vertical arrays under strong interference, this paper proposes an inverse beamforming (IBF)-based interference suppression method for such vertical a...
We present the design and the performance evaluation of a new interconnect for large-scale densely packed electronically scanned antenna arrays that utilize a high-speed digital board-to-board vertical connector. The application targets microwave tis...
A method is developed in this paper to calculate the spatial gain of a vertical line array when the plane-wave assumption is not applicable and when the oceanic ambient noise is correlated. The proposed optimal array gain (OAG), which can evaluate th...
This paper introduces a method for the range localization of a moving ship based on the vertical hydrophone line array. The main implementation steps of the proposed algorithm are as follows. First, the stable low-frequency line spectrum component of...
Frequency–wavenumber (f–k) analysis can estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of broadband signals received on a vertical array. When the vertical array configuration is sparse, it results in an aliasing error due to spatial sampling; t...
The frequency diverse array (FDA) radar can provide an increased degree of freedom (DOF) in the range domain and offer benefits in range-dependent interference suppression. This paper proposes a vertical frequency diverse array (VFDA)-based approach...
In this paper, a compact 2 × 2 wideband circularly polarized (CP) array antenna is proposed. The antenna element comprises a square ring resonator, a square parasitic patch, and a vertical virtual ground (VVG) structure. To achieve circular pol...
The accurate retrieval of the raindrop size distribution (DSD) is a longstanding objective in meteorology because it underpins reliable quantitative precipitation estimation. Among remote sensors, weather radars are the primary tool for mapping DSD o...
With the increasing demand for wind energy, the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is attracting more and more attention. In order to design the VAWT array for better performance, the VAWT wake model needs to reflect the wake characteristics well. Bas...
An experimental study on natural convection heat transfer from the outer surface of a horizontal array of vertical square tubes in the air is investigated. The array consists of three vertical square tubes at equally different center-to-center distan...
In this paper, based on the CFD software ANSYS-Fluent, two-dimensional numerical models are established to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of a self-starting H-Darrius vertical axis tidal turbine (VATT) array of three turbines in a triangula...
This paper proposes a composite channel virtual time reversal mirror (CCVTRM) for vertical sensor array (VSA) processing and applies it to long-range underwater acoustic (UWA) communication in shallow water. Because of weak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR...
To address the challenge of estimating the depth of a single-frequency (tonal) source using a vertical line array (VLA) without prior knowledge of seabed parameters, a method called OCMS-D (orthogonality-constrained modal search-based depth estimatio...
In earthquake engineering, acceleration has played a major role, while wave energy has rarely been considered as a demand in design. In order to understand earthquake damage mechanism in terms of energy, the demand in terms of wave energy in surface...
This paper presents a joint estimation method of source range and depth using a bottom-deployed vertical line array (VLA). The method utilizes the information on the arrival angle of direct (D) path in space domain and the interference characteristic...
In this paper, we propose a data fusion algorithm based on the weighted histogram statistics (DF-WHS) to improve the performance of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for the vector hydrophone vertical array (VHVA). The processing frequency band i...
Silicon nanowires are widely used for sensing applications due to their outstanding mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. However, one of the major challenges involves introducing silicon-nanowire arrays to a specific layout location with r...
Vertically aligned gold nanorod arrays have attracted much attention for their fascinating optical properties. Different from longitudinal surface plasmon wavelength (LSPW) and edge-to-edge spacing of gold nanorods, the role of gold nanorod diameter...
Arrays of 1D-vertically arranged gallium nitride (GaN) nanorods (NRs) are fabricated on sapphire and connected to both bottom and freestanding top contacts. This shows a fully validated top-down method to obtain ordered arrays of high-surface-to-volu...
We report the facile and low-cost preparation as well as detailed characterization of dense arrays of passivated ferromagnetic nickel (Ni) nanotubes (NTs) vertically-supported onto solid Au-coated Si substrates. The proposed fabrication method relies...
Hyperechoic vertical artifacts are an essential feature of lung ultrasound (LUS) arising from various pathological states. Those that meet the criteria for B-lines have the most significant diagnostic value and should be differentiated from other hyp...
The present study explores the performance of an array of cylindrical oscillating water column (OWC) devices, having a vertical symmetry axis, placed in front of a bottom seated, surface piercing, vertical breakwater. The main goal of this study is t...
A uniform magnetic field distribution is a critical aspect in the transmitter array coil design process for achieving a homogenous vertical magnetic field distribution. The free position and orientation features can thus be implemented in the wireles...
The present paper focuses on investigating the cost-effective configuration of an array of wave energy converters (WECs) composed of vertical cylinders situated in front of a vertical seawall in irregular waves. First, the hydrodynamic calculations a...
There is growing interest for water-wave flows through arrangements of cylinders with application to the performance of porous marine structures and environmental flows in coastal vegetation. For specific few cases experimental data are available in...
Increasing array gains is one of the keys to improving underwater targets’ detection capabilities. This paper presents a high-gain approach for a vector hydrophone vertical array (VHVA) that combines white noise gain constraint (WNGC) with vect...
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plates are widely used in buildings or factories for natural lighting. Commonly PMMA plates are installed as a discrete array. However, PMMA plates are very susceptible to fire. Therefore, experimental study on flammabi...
This paper studied a multi-channel self-mixing interferometric vibration measurement system based on a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser array. A 1 × 8 laser array was utilized to irradiate multiple positions of a vibrating target to estab...
With the increasing development of underground spaces adjacent to urban levees, contact seepage frequently occurs at the interface between the soil and underground structures. However, traditional geophysical detection methods are often rendered inef...
The performance characteristics of wind-induced energy harvesting were experimentally investigated using a flexible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) energy harvester with a two-stage, parallel, and vertically aligned configuration. Ten PVDF film module...
Three-dimensional vertical resistive random access memory (VRRAM) is proposed as a promising candidate for increasing resistive memory storage density, but the performance evaluation mechanism of 3-D VRRAM arrays is still not mature enough. The previ...
Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) are a source of renewable energy and are used for both industrial and domestic purposes. The study of noise characteristics of a VAWT is an important performance parameter for the turbine. This study focuses on the...
Semiconductor nanowires have great application prospects in field effect transistors and sensors. In this study, the process and challenges of manufacturing vertical SiGe/Si nanowire array by using the conventional lithography and novel dry atomic la...
The integration level is a significant index that can be used to characterize the performance of non-volatile memory devices. This paper proposes innovative design schemes for high-density integrated phase change memory (PCM). In these schemes, diplo...
This paper proposes an underwater broadband target depth estimation method based on the multipath arrival structure in medium and short-range deep-sea environments. The proposed approach involves separating the multipath rays arriving at the vertical...
Long-range propagation of sound pulses in the deep ocean is considered. A new method for the estimation of the pulse angular spectrum is presented. The method is based on the Husimi transform of a wave field and can be realized with a short vertical...
In this paper, we investigate the performance of a linear array of five semi-immersed, oblate spheroidal heaving Wave Energy Converters (WECs) in front of a bottom-mounted, finite-length, vertical wall under perpendicular to the wall regular waves. T...
To scan the horizontal range of the deep-sea shadow zone with high accuracy and efficiency, enabling active target detection, a horizontal detection range estimation method based on phased sound focusing technology is presented. The model of the phas...
In this paper, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of a high-power, high-speed flip-chip vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. The optoelectronic characteristics and modulation speeds of...
Peptide microarrays are a fast-developing field enabling the mapping of linear epitopes in the immune response to vaccinations or diseases and high throughput studying of protein-protein interactions. In this respect, a rapid label-free measurement o...
Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays are promising candidates for advanced thermal interface materials (TIMs) since they possess high mechanical compliance and high intrinsic thermal conductivity. Some of the previous works indicate that t...
As with wind turbines, marine tidal turbines are expected to be deployed in arrays of multiple turbines. To optimize these arrays, a more profound understanding of the interactions between turbines is necessary. This paper employs the Actuator Line M...
In shallow-water environments, source localization often suffers from reduced performance in conventional array signal processing techniques for frequency bands above 1 kHz due to environmental mismatch. A recently proposed technique, called the stee...
Suppression of secondary electron emission (SEE) from metal surfaces is crucial for enhancing the performance of particle accelerators, spacecraft, and vacuum electronic devices. Earlier research has demonstrated that either etching the metal surface...
Many micro-scraps are generated when a micro-triangular pyramid array (MTPA) is machined by the fly-cutting method. Micro-scraps are generally not removed quickly enough; therefore, these residual micro-scraps participate in the cutting process again...
Arrays of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are anisotropic nanomaterials possessing a high length-to-diameter aspect ratio, channels passing through the array, and mechanical strength along with flexibility. The arrays are produced in one step using a...
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