Differential protection normally detects short circuits and ground faults in the windings of a power transformer and its terminals. Inter-turn faults refer to flashovers among the electrodes that arise only in a similar type of physical winding. Inte...
This paper describes a current differential relay for transformer protection that operates in conjunction with a core saturation detection-based blocking algorithm. The differential current for the magnetic inrush or over-excitation has a point of in...
With the rapid development of wind energy, relay protection for large-scale wind farms has been attracting some researchers, due to the absence of standards. Based on the large-scale doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms located in G...
Through the analysis of the recovery inrush current generated by the external fault removal of the converter transformer, it is pointed out that the zero-sequence current caused by the recovery inrush may result in the saturation of the neutral curre...
Transformer operations are susceptible to both internal and external faults. This study primarily employed software to construct a power system simulation model featuring a step-down transformer. The simulation model comprised three single-phase tran...
Geomagnetically induced current (GIC) flowing through power transformers causes core saturation, leading to local hot-spot overheating, abnormal vibration, increased noise, and even irreversible transformer damage and forced outage. To prevent catast...
This paper presents a novel hybrid protection scheme based on Maximal Overlapped Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) energy and a specialized difference function (DF) to accurately detect low-level inter-turn short-circuit faults in power transformers...
In power systems, the programmable numerical differential relays are widely used for the protection of generators, bus bars, transformers, shunt reactors, and transmission lines. Retrofitting of relays is the need of the hour because lack of proper t...
In this paper, the authors have developed a hardware model for blocking even and odd harmonics of a power transformer. In the proposed hardware model, intelligent differential & over-current relays are used for the blocking of harmonics of a powe...
Internal and external faults in a power transformer are discriminated in this paper using an algorithm based on a combination of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and a probabilistic neural network (PNN). DWT decomposes high-frequency fault componen...
This paper presents the results of research related to the issues arising from DC excitation of power transformers due to geomagnetically induced currents (GIC). First, the GIC phenomena and their influence on power system operation are discussed. Th...
The reliable discrimination between magnetizing inrush currents and internal faults is essential for effective power transformer protection and has a direct impact on the security and stability of modern power systems. Although the second-harmonic re...
Accurate classification between magnetizing inrush currents and internal faults is essential for reliable transformer protection and stable power system operation. Because their transient waveforms are so similar, conventional differential protection...
In the early faults of transformer windings, there are obvious variation characteristics of the spatial leakage magnetic field. Taking the leakage magnetic field as the fault characteristic quantity can establish an active defense system for transfor...
This paper presents a systematic approach to the development and validation of a monitoring and protection system based on the IEC 61850 standard, evaluated through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing. The study utilized an already existing model of a...
This study attempts to measure the capacity of the EU geographical certification scheme to positively influence the price of certified products and the incomes of their producers. A comparison of the economic results of two cheese-producing dairy far...
This paper considers a principle for constructing transverse differential protection of two parallel 6–35 kV power transmission lines on the supply side, previously proposed by the authors and protected by a patent. Its implementation makes it...
Residual current devices (RCDs) are devices that can provide very good protection measures against electric shock. Yet, under certain circumstances, they can cause unnecessary and unexpected switching off of power in the protected circuits. The main...
The electrical protection of power networks with fault contribution from inverter-based power sources imposes new application challenges that have to be dealt with by protection engineers. This paper describes the development of a study case model of...
Current differential protection, using either phase currents or negative-sequence components, is commonly applied for the sensitive protection of power transformers. However, this method proves insufficient for autotransformers, particularly when the...
This paper presents a novel Arduino-based fault detection and protection system for power transformers. Power transformers are an integral component of the power system infrastructure. Power transformers are present in such a significant number in th...
Power transformers are vital and costly components in power systems, essential for ensuring a reliable and uninterrupted supply of electrical energy. Their protection is crucial for improving reliability, maintaining network stability, and minimizing...
The differential relay is subject to transient events such as inrush current, which may affect its correct operation. Therefore, evaluating the reliable and accurate operation of differential relays is important, which is only possible by mapping the...
The persistent conflict between strict conservation and community welfare highlights the growing need to address sustainable livelihoods in forest protection programs. The Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) is a comprehensive forest protection...
One of the tasks in the operation of electric power systems is the correct functioning of the protection system and emergency automation algorithms. Instrument voltage and current transformers, operating in accordance with the laws of electromagnetis...
The discrimination of inrush currents and internal fault currents in transformers is an important feature of a transformer protection scheme. The harmonic current restrained feature is used in conventional differential relay protection of transformer...
The electrical power system is susceptible to several faults, which can cause the system to malfunction. Among these, the ones that occur in the busbars of substations stand out. The main bus of a substation can concentrate a large amount of power an...
The publication of trajectory data provides critical information for various location-based services, and it is critical to publish trajectory data safely while ensuring its availability. Differential privacy is a promising privacy protection technol...
Although the epidemiologic evidence that adequate vitamin D nutrition protects against non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is limited, recent evidence that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is protective is compelling. The role of vitamin D signaling in limit...
When electric multiple units (EMU) pass the neutral zone, the traction transformer may generate sympathetic inrush, which will cause a malfunction in the transformer differential protection. In order to study the mechanism of the sympathetic inrush o...
In view of the difficulties in coordination between reliability and sensitivity of conventional generator differential protection, this paper presents a novel generator differential protection scheme based on a new braking method. On the basis of the...
Fiber differential protection (FDP) is the primary protection scheme in power systems. However, with the increasing proportion of photovoltaic (PV) grids connected in the power system, the controllability and weak power supply characteristics of phot...
Transformer architectures, originally developed for language modeling, have been increasingly applied to time-series forecasting, but deploying them on sensitive data such as patient vital signs, financial records, or energy use raises privacy risks...
Location privacy preserving for location-based social networks (LBSNs) has been attracting a great deal of attention. Existing location privacy protection methods are disadvantaged by issues such as information leakage and low data availability, whic...
In this work, a mathematical model of a three-phase nonlinear transformer is suggested. The model enables simulating the transformer operation with allowance for its nonlinearity and covers needs of the relay protection. Our model has been developed...
The integration of large-scale offshore wind power, facilitated by Flexible Fractional Frequency Transmission Systems (FFFTS), presents significant challenges for traditional transmission line protection. The fault current fed by the Modular Multilev...
As a complex heritage site embodying maritime defense civilization, the Ming Dynasty Coastal Defense Garrisons face a profound contradiction between protection and development. Current research has failed to effectively explain the spatial mechanism...
Conventional transformer protection schemes are limited by the difficulty in distinguishing inrush currents from internal and external faults, which restricts operational accuracy to below 70%. Existing solutions are constrained by a trade-off: sensi...
This paper presents a low-power 60 GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) designed for Gbit/s applications using 28 nm CMOS technology. The LNA exploits a single-stage pseudo-differential architecture with integrated input transformer for both electrostatic d...
The integumentary tissues of plant seeds protect the embryo (new sporophyte) forming in them from unfavorable external conditions; therefore, comprehensive knowledge about the structural and functional specificity of seed covers in various plants may...
Glycerol is the main side product in the biodiesel manufacturing process, and the development of glycerol valorization methods would indirectly contribute the sustainable biodiesel production and decarbonization. Transformation of glycerol to optical...
As an effective method for image security protection, image encryption is widely used in data hiding and content protection. This paper proposes an image encryption algorithm based on an improved Hilbert curve with DNA coding. Firstly, the discrete w...
Protection schemes are usually implemented in the planning of transmission line operations. These schemes are expected to protect not only the network of transmission lines but also the entire power systems network during fault conditions. However, i...
The reliability and stability of differential protection in power transformers could be threatened by several types of inferences, including magnetizing inrush currents, current transformer saturation, and overexcitation from external faults. The rob...
Medium-voltage (MV) networks are increasingly relying on grid-forming inverter-based resources (IBRs) due to the worldwide transition towards renewable energy sources. This transformation poses considerable challenges for traditional protection schem...
We propose Phase-Adaptive Federated Learning (PAFL), a novel framework for privacy-preserving personalized travel itinerary generation that dynamically balances privacy and utility through a phase-dependent aggregation mechanism inspired by phase-cha...
To monitor temperature as a function of varying inductance and resistance, we propose a data-driven digital twin approach for the rapid and efficient real-time estimation of the rotor temperature in an induction motor. By integrating differential equ...
The epidermis serves many vital roles, including protecting the body from external influences and healing eventual injuries. It is maintained by an incredibly complex and perfectly coordinated keratinization process. In this process, desquamation is...
According to historical information, more than 300 metal smelting enterprises have been in the southwest of Xiongan for 300 years; however, these polluting enterprises have been gradually closed with the increased intensity of environmental protectio...
Activating transcription factor-6 α (ATF6) is one of the three main sensors and effectors of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and, as such, it is critical for protecting the heart and other tissues from a variety of environmental...
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