Engineering Proceedings, Volume 12, 2021

The domestic sector is the leading energy consumer in Pakistan. Due to an increase in population, urbanization, and economic development, energy demand is increasing day by day. To meet this energy demand, net-zero energy buildings provide the optima...

The current study investigates the impact of solar collector array, employing flat plate solar collectors (FPC) and evacuated tube solar collectors (ETC) on the transient performance of a solar-driven single-effect absorption cooling system. The inve...

Industrial Automation has revolutionized the processing industry due to its high accuracy, the time it saves, and its ability to work without tiring. Being the most fundamental part of automation machines, robotic arms are being used as a fundamental...

The ceramic industry is a bit new in Pakistan, and the wastes produced during industrial processes are not properly managed. No effective reusing and recycling schemes have been developed. These wastes are contributing greatly to environmental pollut...

Nowadays, floating point multiplier (FPM) plays an essential role in computers. The IEEE 754 norm for floating point numbers is the most widely recognized portrayal for real numbers on today’s PCs. Addition, multiplication, subtraction, and div...

This paper presents the fabrication and working of a smart solar grass cutter. In this work, we have developed a solar-powered lawn mower and thus saved energy by decreasing air pollution and reducing labor cost. In the old model, cutting iron was us...

To estimate the location of an object in an indoor environment, many indoor positioning techniques have been developed in recent decades. The popularity of indoor positioning systems has increased nowadays to enable the implementation of indoor locat...

To ensure the flexibility and reliability of the power system demand and supply, demand side management with distributed generation is a tool to manage the high demand. In the present work, the demand side residential energy management for household...

Electric vehicles are becoming famous worldwide for having the striking benefits of improved energy efficiency and reduced carbon footprints, etc. Plug-in electrical vehicles (PEVs) are powered by batteries. These batteries need to be recharged after...

Drying is a primary and suitable preservation method before storage for tobacco leaves to minimize mold/mycotoxin development. The drying temperature of leaves and stems of tobacco are 333 K and 348 K, respectively. The current study investigates the...

In this age, the automotive surveillance service is a well-known proven product implemented in conventional transport systems and widely known vehicle entities worldwide. It is a system that can be very robust and reliable. Through this work, GPS (Gl...

Thermal energy storage (TES) system is a technique that stores thermal energy in a storage medium for later use to balance demand and supply in industrial operations. In this study, a sensible thermal energy storage tank composed of concrete block an...

Due to the gradatory reduction and exuberant ingestion of fossil fuels and the subsequent environmental problems, accretive work has been paid to the utilization of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy. Solar Photovoltaic System or Solar Po...

In this model, we used a 50 WP photovoltaic panel to produce electrical energy. This electricity production was used directly and stored in a battery. In this design, we coupled batteries and hydrogen as a means of storing energy. In case of overchar...

At present, decarbonization takes the top spot as a priority in the energy sector. The world has largely polluted its environment because of the use of non-renewable resources for electricity production. Therefore, governments worldwide are trying to...

Excesses and shortages of some metal ions such as Fe³⁺ and Cr₂O₇²⁻ pose a threat to human life. A Zn-based two-dimensional MOF has proven to be sensitive for Fe³⁺ and Cr₂O₇²⁻ in water with Ksv values of 1.8 × 10⁴ and 6.5 × 10⁴...

In this study, a control strategy is presented for multiple quadrotors, inclusive of sliding mode control and proportional derivative (PD) control, with the goal of providing stability, robustness, reduced disturbance, and formation tracking in uncer...

Recent developments based on lead (Pb) halide perovskites have inspired extensive research into low-cost solar cells in attempt to overcome the primary issues such as stability and toxicity that occur in this area. Solar cell simulation of lead-free...

Road accidents are a common occurrence throughout the world. The development of efficient electric vehicle (EVs) with high levels of safety is one of today’s biggest challenges. In this article, a novel modular bike helmet based on an RF transm...

The world is facing an energy crisis due to globalization and the depletion of conventional energy sources. Fossil fuels are the primary energy source used to fulfill the energy demands in industries, transportation, and residential sectors. The indu...

Dirty surroundings impose a detrimental effect on the beauty of our environment. Hiring and paying for a large workforce to clean the debris on the roads, parks, and streets is a costly and tiring job. This project has been carried out to design and...

The particle residence time in a gas–solid fluidized bed is of great interest. In this work, experiments have been carried out to investigate particle transportation, which is a matter of concern especially in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food...

In this paper, a modified variable step Incremental Conductance (VS-InCond) algorithm integrated with modified pq theory and double-band hysteresis current control (PQ-DBHCC) is proposed for the implementation on a single-stage single-phase grid-tied...

In Pakistan, 50.8% of the total population use traditional methods to cook by burning wood, animal manure and agricultural residue, causing enormous greenhouse gas emissions. A new type of improved cooking stove (ICS) for rural populations is propose...

Solar energy is a viable source to fulfill the energy demands of a solar rich country such as Pakistan. Various types of solar thermal technologies are being used around the world, including flat plate, evacuated tube, and compound parabolic trough c...

Butachlor usage is increasing due to the increasing demand for agricultural products. However, it has toxic effects on surface and underground water. The experiment was conducted under visible light and the effects of parameters such as pH, adsorbent...

Solar thermal collectors, such as flat plate and evacuated tube collectors, are used for maximum of 60–80 °C temperature and parabolic trough collectors are used for 700–900 °C temperature ranges. It is needed to develop and analy...

A Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS), consists of two or more types of energy storage technologies, mostly includingbatteries, flywheels, super-capacitors, and fuel cells. The complementary features of HESS make it outperform any single energy stora...

The main focus of this research is on building an economical setup for the packaging of a variety of products using the thermoforming technique. Three different sheets of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were used during experimentation with a vacuum...

The model-based transient system simulation approach is very effective for a performance assessment of solar systems under various climate conditions. In the current study, a hybrid array of flat and evacuated tube collector was analyzed for space he...

Indirect evaporative cooling can meaningfully improve the natural environment. It involves low operating costs for air cooling systems. The dew point indirect evaporative cooler (DP-IEC) is energy-efficient, ecological, and economical. The current st...

The finite nature of fossil fuels and their adverse effects on the environment have forced mankind to look for alternate energy sources. Solar energy is one of them, and Pakistan has immense potential. This paper specifically focuses on achieving the...

The AC power system is leading due to its established standards. The depleting thread of fossil fuels, the significant increase in cost and the alarming environmental situation raises concerns. An Islanded DC microgrid, due to its novel characteristi...

VMD is one of the desalination technologies used for drinking water purification because of it higher permeate flux and lower energy consumption, and it uses low grade energy for operation. However, there are some critical problems related to VMD, on...

In this research, a novel DES (choline chloride + decanoic acid) was synthesized, and SBA-15 was functionalized by the DES to form a DES-SBA filler to fabricate MMMs. DES-SBA-based MMMs at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were synthesized and evaluated. The DES...

Herein, we examine the impact of cations on the structural, morphological, optical properties and degradation of lead perovskite APbI₃ (where A = MA, FA, Cs). Its structure, surface morphology and optical properties have been investigated by X-ray di...

Conversion of electric power from a high voltage to a low voltage causes power losses that also require efficient circuit design techniques to be implemented for durability of a system. Energy harvesting techniques have been implemented to cater to t...

Sound Source Localization (SSL) and gaze shift to the sound source behavior is an integral part of a socially interactive humanoid robot perception system. In noisy and reverberant environments, it is non-trivial to estimate the location of a sound s...

An important part of future global energy depends on the development of the solar industry. To date, we have noticed the shift from fossil fuels energy towards renewable energy. The past decade has shown significant progress in computer science, and...

There is potential for harnessing renewable energy from coastal waves and tides, from the coastal and offshore areas of Pakistan. The Sindh coast is a complex creek network located in the 170 km of the Indus deltaic area. The flood and ebb of tides i...

The biggest problem faced by the world these days is pure drinkable water, and in a few years pure drinkable water will not be easily available, as it is becoming brackish and saline due to pollution. By using solar energy, a solar still can produce...

The world is increasingly experiencing unanticipated catastrophic events because of the impact of greenhouse gasses. The two major issues with the conventional energy system are unsustainability and global warming, which are extremely harmful for the...

This paper proposes a solar-powered resonant inverter fed a high-voltage DC power supply. In this converter, switching loss is controlled through zero-voltage switching and zero-current switching. This converter comprises a solar panel, boost convert...

This paper investigates a nonlinear modeling optimization of 12s/8p surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines (SMPMSM) with a radial magnetization pattern. The modeling is based on subdomain model (SDM) computation, where the analytical m...

This article addresses the issue of power outage while transmitting electric power to consumer’s end. Electricity demand in today’s world has risen sharply where it must be generated not only using conventional fuels, but also from renewa...

Diclofenac sodium (DCF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug mainly used as an analgesic, arthritic and anti-rheumatic. This study deals with the degradation of diclofenac by photo catalytic-based advanced oxidation processes. Artificial UV lamp...

In this paper, a smart and centralized traffic light control and monitoring system is proposed to control the modern transportation systems and make the city safer, using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and programmable electronic microcontroll...

In the last few decades, the main problem which has attracted the attention of researchers in the field of aerial robotics is the position estimation or Simultaneously Localization and Mapping (SLAM) of aerial vehicles where the GPS system does not w...

The energy efficiency of a power plant is largely determined by the vibrations of bearings that hold the shaft rotating at high speed which need to be critically controlled. This study presents the relative vibration modeling of a shaft bearing that...

In this study we report biofuel potential in waste cake obtained from oil refinery. The sample was analyzed for its calorific value using auto bomb calorimeter (LECO AC-500), proximate analysis using Thermogravimetric analyzer (LECO 701) and elementa...