Nanoplastics (NPs) are considered emerging pollutants, namely unregulated contaminants whose toxic effect on humans and the environment has been demonstrated or suspected. They are the result of the physical fragmentation of the plastics that over ti...
Finger vein recognition is considered to be a very promising biometric identification technology due to its excellent recognition performance. However, in the real world, the finger vein recognition system inevitably suffers from the single-sample pr...
The Mars Sample Return campaign is an endeavor of unprecedented technological complexity and coordination that attempts to answer fundamental questions about the habitability of Mars by returning the first samples of Martian material to Earth for ana...
Importance sampling is used to approximate Bayes’ rule in many computational approaches to Bayesian inverse problems, data assimilation and machine learning. This paper reviews and further investigates the required sample size for importance sa...
Although automatic target recognition (ATR) models based on data-driven algorithms have achieved excellent performance in recent years, the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ATR model often suffered from performance degradation when it encountered a sma...
This study addresses the instability of statistical modeling for small-sample maximum friction torque data under multiple temperature conditions. Within the Weibull distribution framework, a sample-aggregation method is proposed, and a unified modeli...
The lack of reliable negative samples is an important factor limiting the quality of machine learning-based debris flow susceptibility mapping (DFSM). The purpose of this paper is to propose multiple negative-sample acquisition strategies for DFSM co...
Deep neural networks are successful learning tools for building nonlinear models. However, a robust deep learning-based classification model needs a large dataset. Indeed, these models are often unstable when they use small datasets. To solve this is...
Credible Granger-causality analysis appears to require post-sample inference, as it is well-known that in-sample fit can be a poor guide to actual forecasting effectiveness. However, post-sample model testing requires an often-consequential a priori...
Surface roughness is one of the main bases for measuring the surface quality of machined parts. A large amount of training data can effectively improve model prediction accuracy. However, obtaining a large and complete surface roughness sample datase...
The continuous growth in the production, unsustainable use, and disposal of plastics in recent decades has led to the emergence of a new type of pollutant, microplastics (MPs). In this article, the focus is on the form of MPs, which are produced by t...
Oxylipins are potent lipid mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids, which play important roles in various biological processes. Being important regulators and/or markers of a wide range of normal and pathological processes, oxylipins are b...
Planetary sample return missions can impose extreme mechanical forces on both spacecraft and the returned samples collected from a planetary surface that they contain. The chain of custody phases from entry/descent/landing to curation each present di...
In this paper, a pawl composite linkage transfer mechanism is designed for the automatic in-orbit sample transfer mission of Chang’E-5 lunar sample return mission, which can realize the sample container in-orbit transfer under various critical...
The calculation of hydrologic frequency is an important basic step in the planning and design stage of any water conservancy project. The purpose of the frequency analysis is to deduce the hydrologic variables under different guarantee rates, and to...
In this paper, we develop and study a novel testing procedure that has more a powerful ability to detect mean difference for functional data. In general, it includes two stages: first, splitting the sample into two parts and selecting principle compo...
The mission objective of the Phobos Sample Return is to collect and return 100 g of Phobos’ surface material to Earth inside a tight enclosure composed of a Vault, a Sample Container and sealing elements. One important aspect of the project was the d...
This paper presents work on the development of a microfluidic device using super-paramagnetic beads for sampling and mixing. The beads are manipulated via an external rotating permanent magnet in a microfluidic channel. Efficient mixing is achieved i...
It is well known that gas sensor responses are affected by the presence of humidity in the analyzed gas. This is particularly true when dealing with biological fluid samples, whose high moisture content interferes with the adsorption of the trace vol...
This paper proposes an optimization model for selecting a larger subsample that improves the representativeness of a simple random sample previously obtained from a population larger than the population of interest. The problem formulation involves c...
Background/Objectives: Centralizing genetic sequencing in specialized facilities is pivotal for reducing the costs associated with diagnostic testing. These centers must be able to verify data quality and ensure sample integrity. This study aims at d...
Clinical analyses benefit world-wide from rapid and reliable diagnostics tests. New tests are sought with greatest demand not only for new analytes, but also to reduce costs, complexity and lengthy analysis times of current techniques. Among the myri...
This paper investigates a two-sample belief reliability sampling problem with three quality levels, where the sampling involves both aleatory uncertainty in drawing samples and epistemic uncertainty regarding quality distributions of some population....
In the evolving field of digital soil mapping (DSM), the determination of sample size remains a pivotal challenge, particularly for large-scale regional projects. We introduced the Jensen-Shannon Divergence (DJS), a novel tool recently applied to DSM...
We construct a point and interval estimation using a Bayesian approach for the difference of two population proportion parameters based on two independent samples of binomial data subject to one type of misclassification. Specifically, we derive an e...
In response to the shortage of theoretical support for negative sample selection and the imbalance between positive and negative samples in landslide susceptibility assessment (LSA), this study presents a dual optimization framework of sampling strat...
The increase in neutron flux at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), currently operating at 2.0 MW proton beam power, has created new opportunities for higher-throughput neutron scattering experiments while also i...
Food samples such as milk, beverages, meat and chicken products, fish, etc. are complex and demanding matrices. Various novel materials such as molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs), carbon-based nanomaterials carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and metal...
The paper deals with the problem of improving the maximum sample rate of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) included in low cost wireless sensing nodes. To this aim, the authors propose an efficient acquisition strategy based on the combined use of...
Mode collapse has always been a fundamental problem in generative adversarial networks. The recently proposed Zero Gradient Penalty (0GP) regularization can alleviate the mode collapse, but it will exacerbate a discriminator’s misjudgment problem, th...
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)-based proteomics is a powerful technique for profiling proteomes of cells, tissues, and body fluids. Typical bottom-up proteomic workflows consist of the following three major step...
Sample return missions are among the most difficult tasks for robotic spacecraft in exploring our solar system. However, the samples they return to Earth have significantly high value for the planetary science community. Thus far, we have only acquir...
Proteins regulate many cellular functions and analyzing the presence and abundance of proteins in biological samples are central focuses in proteomics. The discovery and validation of biomarkers, pathways, and drug targets for various diseases can be...
This paper deals with the stability characteristics of zeros for sampled-data models with a class of triangle sample and hold realized by a traditional zero-order hold. For any controlled models in the modern industrial system, using a digital contro...
Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) aims to automatically identify modulation types based on the features of received signals, and acts as a vital technique for spectrum sensing, cognitive radio and electronic countermeasures. However, existing...
Accurate quantification of Deoxynovalienol (DON) in wheat is critical for food safety, but current methods suffer from poor reproducibility due to inconsistent operational parameters across the sampling and analysis workflow. To address this issue, t...
The design features and applications of button sample holders are described. The similarities and contrasts between the button method and the transmission cell and attenuated total reflection techniques are discussed. Different button sample holder a...
Sample Entropy is the most popular definition of entropy and is widely used as a measure of the regularity/complexity of a time series. On the other hand, it is a computationally expensive method which may require a large amount of time when used in...
In a regression analysis, a sample-selection bias arises when a dependent variable is partially observed as a result of the sample selection. This study introduces a Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) process regression model that assumes a MaxEnt prior distri...
Accurate and timely information on forest disturbance drivers is important for sustainable forest management, global carbon cycle accounting, and climate change response. However, forest disturbance classification is difficult due to two major challe...
In the present paper, we propose a large sample asymptotic approximation for the sampling and posterior distributions of differential entropy when the sample is composed of independent and identically distributed realization of a multivariate normal...
Returning extraterrestrial samples to Earth for analysis is crucial for planetary geological research and resource utilization. However, during their return journey, these samples undergo significant environmental changes, such as varying pressure, t...
Solvent extraction remains one of the fundamental sample preparation techniques in the analysis of environmental solid samples, but organic solvents are toxic and environmentally harmful, therefore one of the possible greening directions is its minia...
Sample selection models attempt to correct for non-randomly selected data in a two-model hierarchy where, on the first level, a binary selection equation determines whether a particular observation will be available for the second level (outcome equa...
In the process of lithology discrimination from a conventional well logging dataset, the imbalance in sample distribution restricts the accuracy of log identification, especially in the fine-scale reservoir intervals. Enhanced sampling balances the d...
Approximate and sample entropies are acclaimed tools for quantifying the regularity and unpredictability of time series. This paper analyses the causes of their inconsistencies. It is shown that the major problem is a coarse quantization of matching...
In gene quantification and expression analysis, issues with sample selection and processing can be serious, as they can easily introduce irrelevant variables and lead to ambiguous results. This study aims to investigate the extent and mechanism of th...
Many popular entropy definitions for signals, including approximate and sample entropy, are based on the idea of embedding the time series into an m-dimensional space, aiming to detect complex, deeper and more informative relationships among samples....
One of the basic criteria for the representativeness of composite material samples is the similarity of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the material in the sample to that of the material it represents. The article presents the results...
Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SFX) at X-ray Free electron Lasers (XFELs) is a relatively new field promising to deliver unparalleled spatial and temporal resolution on biological systems and there dynamics. Over the past decade, though, there h...
of 4,941