When a wearable gait predictor is personalized to a new user, a short calibration session may contain missing channels, sensor-placement changes, electrode shift, noise, fatigue, or other non-ideal effects. Treating all calibration samples as equally...
Consequences of failure of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) is in general lower than consequences of failure of, e.g., oil & gas platforms. It is reasonable that lower fatigue design factors can be applied for fatigue design of OWTs when compared to oth...
This paper contributes to the definition of design clauses for coarse recycled aggregate concrete. One of the main reasons for scepticism towards recycled aggregate concrete is the perceived notion that the heterogeneity of recycled aggregates may in...
There are many studies in the scientific literature that present predictions from parametric statistical models based on maximum likelihood estimates of the unknown parameters. However, generating predictions from maximum likelihood parameter estimat...
Multi-UAV tracking can extend coverage by combining aerial observations with reports from fixed monitors and mobile sources. Intermittent links and heterogeneous sources nevertheless create delayed, duplicated, and unreliable evidence, while broad sh...
Coaches need reliable methods of quantifying rugby union scrum force performance in order to make data-driven decisions. The purpose of this study is to present the reliability of a replicable instrumented scrum machine. We performed 3 phases of dead...
Accurate and quantitative pain assessment remains a major challenge in clinical medicine, especially for patients unable to verbalize discomfort. Conventional methods based on self-reports or clinician observation are subjective and inconsistent. Thi...
The safety of offshore structures is a key topic in developing offshore oil and gas and offshore wind energy. Due to the harsh offshore environment and costly offshore field tests, offshore field trials to validate the theoretical models for offshore...
Objectives: To evaluate the inter- and intra-observer reliability of three methods for measuring root canal curvature and the reliability of canal visibility ratings on periapical radiographs over repeated calibration rounds. Materials and Methods: A...
This study evaluates the reliability of calibration constants for heat flux meters (HFMs) using a secondary standard under controlled thermal conditions provided by an ISO 5660-1 cone heater. Six HFMs (three new and three previously used) were examin...
A growing number of virtual reality devices now include eye tracking technology, which can facilitate oculomotor and cognitive research in VR and enable use cases like foveated rendering. These applications require different tracking performance, oft...
This paper introduces a reliability-centric stacking framework for smart-grid stability prediction, considered here as the binary classification of stable versus unstable operating conditions in a benchmark smart-grid dataset. A key methodological st...
This paper emphasizes the crucial needs and reasons to ensure the reliability and repeatability of underwater acoustic measurements. As an exemplification of the aforementioned acoustic measurements challenges, the development of metrological infrast...
Recycled aggregate concrete is a solution used to minimize the environmental impact of the concrete industry. Notwithstanding research worldwide validating structural applications of recycled aggregate concrete, specific design guidelines are lacking...
Item facility and item discrimination are two frequently used indices in Classical Test Theory (CTT) for evaluating examination quality. This study evaluates four state-of-the-art LLMs—ChatGPT, Google Gemini, DeepSeek, and Doubao—by compa...
The aim of this paper is to conduct reliability analysis of flexural strength design provisions of FRP-reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) beams in accordance with CSA S806. In particular, different load combinations, including dead, live, wind and snow, ar...
In the Western world, the SO2 concentration in ambient air dropped to low levels, but some emission sources (e.g., merchant ships) and some regions (e.g., low-income countries) still emit substantial amounts of SO2. At those locations, SO2 monitoring...
Bird’s-eye-view (BEV) LiDAR detectors provide an efficient representation for real-time 3D perception, but their confidence scores may be imperfectly aligned with the localization quality of decoded 3D boxes. This score–localization misma...
Reliable clinical decision support systems require not only high predictive accuracy but also trustworthy probability estimates and robust uncertainty quantification. However, most medical artificial intelligence (AI) studies primarily emphasize disc...
Methodological variability remains a major source of uncertainty in environmental microplastics (MPs) analysis, particularly for micro-Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) spectroscopy operated in reflection mode. This study quantitatively evaluate...
This study investigates the system stability of breakwater foundations subjected to earthquakes from a probabilistic point of view. A fully probabilistic approach, i.e., a combination of the Monte Carlo simulation and Bishop’s simplified method, has...
Water level modeling is a critical component of flood warning systems. A high-quality forecast requires the development of a hydraulic model that reliably accounts for the main sources of uncertainty. In this paper, a 1D hydraulic model with adaptive...
Electrocardiographic (ECG) biometric verification can lose reliability over time because ECG morphology changes across longitudinal sessions, which makes enrolled templates increasingly likely to reject genuine users. Most existing methods focus on m...
Quantifying the extent to which historical information can be borrowed remains challenging in the reliability assessment of aeronautical equipment with small-sample right-censored lifetime data. This paper proposes a Bayesian reliability assessment f...
Water quality has become a major concern for public health, agriculture, and industry, necessitating reliable and continuous monitoring. Conventional monitoring methods are often time-consuming, rely on manual sampling, and involve complex equipment...
Although speech-based depression assessment has received considerable attention, achieving reliable confidence and cross-corpus applicability with explanation of prediction still remains challenging. This study presents a reliability-aware framework...
Custom-made dynamometry was shown to objectively analyze human muscle strength around the ankle joint with accuracy, easy portability and low costs. This paper describes the full method of calibration and measurement setup and the measurement procedu...
Ceramic additive manufacturing offers strong potential for fabricating geometrically complex and application-specific components, yet achieving reliable dimensional fidelity remains challenging because dimensional deviation is governed by highly coup...
Precipitation occurs in two basic forms defined as liquid state and solid state. Different from rain-fed watershed, modeling snow processes is of vital importance in snow-dominated watersheds. The seasonal snowpack is a natural water reservoir, which...
Monocular 3D human pose estimation is sensitive to depth ambiguity and upstream 2D-detector error. We investigate a detector-conditioned virtual 2D pose as an auxiliary hypothesis rather than an independent physical measurement. Joint reliability com...
Validation-based machine-learning selection can name a numerical winner in temporally dependent weak-signal data without establishing that the decision will remain reliable in a later period. We present PC-Audit (Prequential-Calibration Audit) as a d...
Indoor positioning using commodity Wi-Fi infrastructure is attractive for smart buildings and Internet of Things applications, but the practical accuracy of Wi-Fi Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) remains limited by non-line-of-sight propagation, multipa...
Wearable sensors are widely used in activity recognition (AR) tasks with broad applicability in health and well-being, sports, geriatric care, etc. Deep learning (DL) has been at the forefront of progress in activity classification with wearable sens...
Open-vocabulary text-based person retrieval must match natural-language descriptions containing concepts that may be absent from task-specific training data while controlling unreliable generated evidence and inference cost. This paper formulates het...
Multi-modal sentiment analysis integrates linguistic, acoustic, and visual evidence, yet the reliability of these streams varies across samples because of missing observations, masking, measurement noise, and feature corruption. This paper presents a...
The Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is the component with the highest failure rate in power converters, and its reliability is a critical issue in power electronics. IGBT module failure is largely caused by solder layer fatigue or bond wires...
Trust in embodied intelligence is dynamic, contextual, and interaction-dependent, but many existing computational approaches still model trust using static similarity structures. This study proposes and evaluates a compositional trust modeling approa...
Tidal energy is nowadays one of the fastest growing types of marine renewable energy. In particular, Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbines (HATTs) are the most advanced designs and the most appropriate for standardization. This paper presents a review of ac...
Background: Accurate differentiation of kidney diseases such as cysts, tumors, stones, and normal tissue from computed tomography (CT) images remains challenging due to overlapping visual characteristics and variability in data distributions. While d...
Crack width governs how inspectors rate and prioritize concrete deterioration, yet automated pipelines are still judged by pixel-overlap scores (IoU, Dice) that do not explicitly target width measurement. We show geometrically that high pixel overlap...
In structural and bridge engineering, the axle weights and interaxle spacings of heavy trucks are useful for assessing the capacity of existing bridges, developing live load models, and other issues. Weigh-in-motion data have become the most common s...
Automated concrete-surface classification increasingly employs multimodal sensing, although a wide range of systems assume that all sensors remain continuously available, reliable, and suitable for fusion. This study presents Reliability-Aware Select...
Binary code similarity detection (BCSD) ranks candidates but does not quantify the reliability of an already selected Top-1 match. We study this post-retrieval problem in a known-source, closed-set protocol: the target Top-1 is frozen before same-sou...
Buried steel pipelines are susceptible to external pitting corrosion whose spatially heterogeneous and time-dependent nature makes probabilistic remaining useful life (RUL) estimation both necessary and difficult. This study develops a three-stage fr...
Semantic segmentation in foggy scenes is crucial for autonomous driving systems, yet acquiring annotated real-world foggy data is highly costly. Existing unsupervised domain adaptation methods typically adopt a self-training strategy, adapting models...
Forecasting species distributions under future climate scenarios has become a standard application of Species Distribution Models (SDMs), yet their temporal transferability is rarely evaluated. We assessed the reliability of future projections using...
The process of examiner calibration is an essential step in all epidemiological research, as it aims to ensure uniform interpretation, understanding, and application of the instrument to be used. This ensures that the data collected will be valid and...
Digital twin systems are becoming an important tool in intelligent transportation management, as they provide simulation-based environments for monitoring, analyzing, and predicting traffic behavior. However, the predictive performance of traffic dig...
The current paper presents a comparative analysis between a high-fidelity simulation tool and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in evaluating the behavior of a fully coupled floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) system subjected to three distinct de...
Vision–Language–Action (VLA) policies promise flexible long-horizon manipulation, but deployment under domain shift requires both reliable uncertainty estimates and a workable runtime-assurance policy. We study a model-agnostic uncertaint...
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