107 Results Found

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an oral function training program and indicators of oral health status on improvements in physical performance induced by physical function training in dependent older adults. The participants were 131 pote...

No specific methods have been officially proposed for the prevention and improvement of oral hypofunction. Therefore, in this randomized controlled trial, we aimed to develop a gum-chewing training program and determine its effects in older adults. A...

Background: Patients with severe dysphagia are usually fed using a nasogastric tube (NGT). Many patients who receive long-term NGT feeding are unable to obtain sufficient nutrients orally immediately after NGT removal. Thus, a transitional period inv...

Athletes’ oral health appears to be poor in numerous sport activities and different diseases can limit athletic skills, both during training and during competitions. Sport activities can be considered a risk factor, among athletes from different spor...

The oral mucosa, which is the lining tissue of the oral cavity, is a gateway to the body and it offers first-line protection against potential pathogens, exogenous chemicals, airborne allergens, etc. by means of its physical and microbiological-immun...

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the estimated number of older adults is around 962 million and is projected to increase to 2.1 billion by 2050. The oral frailty concept is associated with gradual oral function loss in relation to ag...

Perioperative oral care management is effective in the prevention of postoperative complications, and dental hygienists play an important role. The aim of this study was to elucidate the practice and substantial role of dental hygienists in periopera...

This study aimed to analyse the association of self-perceived oral health status (OHS) and functions with clinical OHS in Korean adults aged 35–54 years. The study was designed as a cross-sectional study using data from the Fourth Korea Nationa...

Background/Objectives: Children with Down syndrome are predisposed to various oro-dental conditions, which can impact their oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and overall well-being. Given their critical role, parents’ and caregivers&...

Population aging, persistent oral health inequalities, and growing reliance on informal caregiving are creating new challenges for oral healthcare systems worldwide. Mobile health technologies (mHealth) are increasingly being used to support oral hea...

Exercise is a powerful tool for improving health in older adults, but the minimum frequency required is not known. This study sought to determine the effect of training frequency of sprint interval training (SIT) on health and physical function in ol...

Subjective cognitive decline is a symptom that may appear in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. This study examined the effects of smartphone-based calendar training and walking exercise regimen on postmenopausal women experiencing subjective c...

The management of frontal sinus fractures has evolved in the endoscopic era. The development of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has been incorporated into management algorithms proposed by otolaryngologists, but the extent of its influence...

Background/Objectives: Older adults residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are at increased risk of poor oral health because of functional dependence and limited access to professional oral healthcare. Although oral healthcare education progra...

Background: Considerable inter-individual variability exists in exercise-induced adaptations among older adults. Although microbial ecosystems have been linked to muscle function and physical performance, the role of the oral microbiota in exercise r...

Research with people with dementia is a great challenge in terms of recruitment, study participation and adherence to interventions resulting in less research activity and higher financial, organizational and personnel efforts. As dementia progresses...

Image distillation is becoming a hot area of machine learning (ML) research because it minimizes the computer resources used for training of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In this paper, we propose a novel method for image distillation that le...

High intensity training (HIT) is effective at improving health; however, it is unknown whether HIT also improves physical function. This study aimed to determine whether HIT improves metabolic health and physical function in untrained middle aged ind...

Introduction: Some proposals of myofunctional therapy directed to individuals undergoing orthognathic surgery have been presented which promote the orofacial myofunctional balance, enhancing the treatment stability. Objective: To verify the effect of...

Background: Oral health (OH) is integral to general health, well-being, and quality of life; however, in long-term care (LTC) settings, it is often neglected due to residents’ functional limitations, high care dependency, and the prioritization...

Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a popular “Qi-tonifying” herb with a long history of use as a Traditional Chinese Medicine with multiple biological functions. However, evidence for the effects of AM on exercise performance and physical fatigue is lim...

High-throughput metagenomic sequencing and advances in mucosal immunology have refuted the traditional physiological concept of a sterile respiratory tract. The oral cavity has been recognized as a dynamic determinant of systemic health. As in other...

Background: Special needs schools (SNS) educate children and young people with major neurological disabilities who are at high risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN). We aimed to assess the prevalence of OD, MN, dehydration (DH),...

Background/Objectives: Cognitive impairment can compromise toothbrushing and other oral self-care functions, increasing the risk of oral diseases and related complications. However, how toothbrushing ability declines across stages of cognitive impair...

While appropriate nutrient intake is important for older adults, various oral problems cause decreased masticatory function. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the factors associated with decreased masticatory performance in older adults. O...

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) is a surgical specialty with a distinctive position at the intersection of medicine and dentistry. This unique expertise enables reliable reconstructions of complex head and neck defects, with a focus on function...

Background: Poor oral health is a common condition in patients suffering from dementia. Several aspects of this systemic pathology contribute to causing oral problems: cognitive impairment, behavior disorders, communication and, motor skills deterior...

Pregnant women undergo a myriad of physiological changes, including important hormonal variations. Pregnancy gingivitis is a condition that affects up to 30% to 100% of women, is related to hormonal modifications, and could play an important role in...

Mitochondria regulate cellular energetics, redox balance, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling in oral, airway, and systemic tissues. Hypoxia is a powerful modulator of mitochondrial function, with effects ranging from adaptive hormesis to overt inj...

Since the 1980s the Department of Hygiene and Oral Health at the Showa University School of Dentistry has focused its research efforts on the development of feeding function and disorders. In addition, we have treated dysphagic children and dysphagic...

Angelica sinensis (AS) is a well-known medicinal herb and food material with antioxidative and multifunctional pharmacological activities. However, we lack evidence of the effect of AS on exercise performance and physical fatigue. We aimed to evaluat...

The discovery of trained immunity has challenged the longstanding view that immunological memory is restricted to the adaptive immune system. Trained immunity refers to the capacity of innate immune cells to undergo long-term functional reprogramming...

Background: Congenital absence of teeth is a major dental abnormality in pediatric dentistry and the absence of six or more teeth is defined as oligodontia. Few reports of patients with non-syndromic oligodontia without systemic disease have continue...

Objective: Dysphagia is common among elderly patients after hip fracture surgery and can lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and delayed rehabilitation. This study aims to present current clinical practice patterns of assessment and intervent...

Non-conductive olfactory dysfunction (OD) is an important extra-pulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume loss and olfactory network functional connectivity (FC) defects were identified in two patients...

Background/Objectives: The performance of musical wind instruments imposes significant neuromuscular and biomechanical demands on the stomatognathic system. Depending on the mouthpiece type, wind instruments are divided into four classes, which may h...

Exercise training is an encouraging approach to treat cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but the impact of its intensity is not understood. We aim to investigate whether and, if so, how moderate-intensity training (MIT) and high-intensity...

Background/Objectives: Volleyball training camps are known to reduce salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (s-SIgA); however, when it begins to decrease is unclear. The validity of a simple device for quantifying s-SIgA is lacking; hence, this study ai...

Purpose: Mental practice using motor imagery (MP) improves motor strength and coordination in the upper and lower extremities in clinical patient populations. Its effectiveness as a rehabilitation tool for patients with lingual weakness is not yet we...

(1) Combining aerobic, coordination and cognitive training allows for more improved physical and cognitive performance than when performed separately. A Nordic walking (NW) and two cognitive-motor circuit training programs (CT-c and CT-fit) are compa...

Lip sucking and lip biting in the primary-dentition period can cause the upper incisors to tip labially and the lower incisors to collapse lingually with the lower lip wedged between the upper and lower anterior teeth. The resulting lip incompetence...

High-intensity exercise has been found to positively influence glucose control, however, the effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) for overweight and obese sedentary adults without diabetes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to...

Teeth segmentation plays a pivotal role in dentistry by facilitating accurate diagnoses and aiding the development of effective treatment plans. While traditional methods have primarily focused on teeth segmentation, they often fail to consider the b...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to post-acute physical function deterioration due to intensive-care-unit-acquired weakness-related sarcopenia and dyspnea. Limited reports have examined the effects of rehabilitation and nutritional therap...

Introduction: Exercise can alter gastrointestinal (GI) function, yet its effects on gastric function depend on the type, intensity, and duration of exercise. Despite extensive research on aerobic exercise, the gastric response to resistance exercise...

Spasticity is a very common sign in the neurological field. It can be defined as “a motor disorder marked by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone or tonic stretch reflexes” associated with hypertonia. It leads to a high risk of li...

Background: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common neurosensory manifestation in long COVID. An effective and safe treatment against COVID-19-related OD is needed. Methods: This pilot trial recruited long COVID patients with persistent OD. Participan...

Submandibular gland sialolithiasis can be addressed by gland removal or by stone removal. Intraoral stone removal has now become the go-to technique to minimize aesthetic and functional sequelae (e.g., marginalis mandibulae injury, visible surgery sc...

In this study, we investigated whether treatment with palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin (PEA-LUT) leads to improvement in the quantitative or qualitative measures of olfactory dysfunction or relief from mental clouding in patients affected by long C...

Background: Chronic chlorella intake combined with high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) has been shown to accelerate aerobic and anaerobic capacities in rodents. This study aimed to clarify the effects of combining chlorella intake with short-...