The temperature dependent density of Al and Ga droplets deposited on AlGaAs with molecular beam epitaxy is studied theoretically. Such droplets are important for applications in quantum information technology and can be functionalized e.g., by drople...
Martensitic high-strength steels are prone to exhibit premature fatigue failure due to fatigue crack nucleation at non-metallic inclusions and other microstructural defects. This study investigates the fatigue crack nucleation behavior of the martens...
Several classical and non-classical reduced-order nucleation rate models are presented and compared to experimental values for the homogeneous nucleation rate of
The phase-field-crystal (PFC) method is used to investigate migration of grain boundary dislocation and dynamic of strain-driven nucleation and growth of deformed grain in two dimensions. The simulated results show that the deformed grain nucleates t...
When high-amplitude, short-duration electric pulses are applied to cells the permeability of their membranes is increased. From the biological point of view, the phenomenon is quite well understood, however, it is important to develop accurate numeri...
Using a hierarchy of three sigmoid growth models with increasing complexity, i.e., number of parameters, we reanalyzed kinetic data for heterogeneous nucleation—the number of nuclei N(t) vs. time t—from archetypical experiments on the ele...
The transient behavior of an ensemble of ellipsoidal particles in a supercooled binary melt is considered. The model laws, based on the Fokker-Planck type kinetic equation for the particle-volume distribution function, the thermal and mass integral b...
Complex oxide–carbonitrides (MgO-Ti(CN), Al2O3-Ti(CN), and MgO·Al2O3-Ti(CN)) are the most common non-metallic inclusions presented in cast and wrought superalloys. In this work, a coupled kinetics model was proposed to predict the comple...
In recent years, many researchers have attempted to model the solidification process of nano-reinforced materials. In the present document, the effect on the heterogeneous solidification regime of the different sizes, shapes, and chemical composition...
As in any other phase transition, hydrate phase transition kinetics involves an implicit coupling of phase transition thermodynamic control and the associated dynamics of mass and heat transport. This work provides a brief overview of certain selecte...
The cyclic appearance and disappearance of nucleation was observed in the boundary layer of drops of 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, and glycerol, close to the boiling point and exposed to a cooler airflow. Although continuous nucleation has previo...
A model that can be used to quantify silica deposition from superheated depressurized steam is developed. Classical nucleation theory, agglomeration and deposition onto a wall are combined in a numerical model that calculates the concentration profil...
Although the CVD synthesis of graphene on Cu(111) is an industrial process of outstanding importance, its theoretical description and modeling are hampered by its multiscale nature and the large number of elementary reactions involved. In this work,...
The article is a continuation of two previous review papers on the fracture mechanism of structural metals through the nucleation, growth and coalescence of voids. In the present paper, the literature on the numerical modelling of void nucleation and...
The isothermal crystallization properties of polypropylene/graphite nanosheet (PP/GN) nanocomposites under supercritical N2 were systematically studied by a self-made in situ high-pressure microscope system. The results showed that the GN caused irre...
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) from the model crop, Brachypodium distachyon, allow freeze survival and attenuate pathogen-mediated ice nucleation. Intriguingly, Brachypodium AFP genes encode two proteins, an autonomous AFP and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR)...
Recent observational studies suggest that nucleation-scavenging is the principal path to removing black carbon-containing aerosol from the atmosphere, thus affecting black carbon’s lifetime and radiative forcing. Modeling the process of nucleation-sc...
The maximum temperature limit at which liquid boils explosively is referred to as the superheat limit of liquid. Through various experimental studies on the superheating limit of liquids, rapid evaporation of liquids has been observed at the superhea...
By making use of an isothermal crystallization kinetics formulation in which growth and nucleation rates are functions of the degree of crystallization, we describe a process consisting of birth and growth of spherical crystalline domains. It is foun...
To elucidate the relative nucleation rates of different polymorphs, a competitive kinetic model is developed based on classical nucleation theory to describe the time evolution of two different polymorphic cluster size distributions controlled by the...
Potassium carbonate (K
In recent studies, the existence of mesoscale precursors has been confirmed in crystallization. Different from the classical crystallization theory, which only considers the sequential attachment of basic monomers (atoms, ions, or molecules), the non...
26 January 2020
Marine traffic in harbors can be responsible for significant atmospheric concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs), which have widely recognized negative effects on human health. It is therefore essential to model and measure the time evolution of...
In the theoretical treatment of crystallization, it is commonly assumed that the relaxation processes of a liquid proceed quickly as compared to crystal nucleation and growth processes. Actually, it is supposed that a liquid is always located in the...
Lyophilization is a widely used preservation method for thermosensitive products. It consists of three process steps: freezing, primary and secondary drying. One of the major drawbacks is the long processing time. The main optimization effort was put...
Due to advantages such as larger heat transfer area, higher heat transfer efficiency, and greater thermal expansion stress, helical coiled tubes (HCTs) have been widely adopted in heat exchangers in industry, especially for nuclear power plants. The...
The secondary nucleation process of 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) seeded crystallisation in methanol in a stirred tank reactor was studied at varying initial supersaturation levels, temperatures, crystal seed numbers, and stirrer speeds. The aver...
Li metal has been considered an ideal anode in lithium batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh·g−1 and lowest negative reduction potential of −3.040 V among the standard hydrogen electrodes. However, lithium dend...
Externally applied electric fields are widely employed during thin-film deposition to improve film uniformity, texture and densification. Despite extensive experimental evidence, the physical mechanisms by which such fields influence nucleation, surf...
In this study, a hybrid finite element (FE) and cellular automaton (CA) model is developed to explore crystallization behavior and alloying of Inconel713LC during Laser powder bed fusion. A cellular automaton model is considering the surface nucleati...
Two-step nucleation and subsequent growth processes were investigated in the framework of the single mode phase-field crystal model combined with diffusive dynamics (corresponding to colloid suspensions) and hydrodynamical density relaxation (simple...
In the framework of the Polyakov quark-meson model with two flavors, the bubble dynamics of a first-order phase transition in the region of high density and low temperature are investigated by using the homogeneous thermal nucleation theory. In mean-...
The microstructures of the as-cast and as-extruded Mg–14 wt. % Li–1 wt. % Al (LA141) and Mg–14 wt. % Li–2 wt. % Sn (LT142) were observed by optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry...
This paper studies the properties of the Preisach model and the play model, and compare their similarities. Both are history-dependent hysteresis models that are used to model magnetic hysteresis. They are described as discrete sums of simple hystere...
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations explored the deformation behavior of copper single crystal under various axisymmetric loading paths. The obtained MD dataset was used for the development of a machine-learning-based model of elastic–plastic d...
Droplet nucleation and evaporation are ubiquitous in nature and many technological applications, such as phase-change cooling and boiling heat transfer. So far, the description of these phenomena at the molecular scale has posed challenges for modell...
Pristine specimens yield plastically under high loads by nucleating dislocations. Since dislocation nucleation is a thermally activated process, the so-called nucleation-controlled plasticity is probabilistic rather than deterministic, and the distri...
A void coalescence term was proposed as an addition to the original void nucleation and growth (NAG) model to accurately describe void evolution under dynamic loading. The new model, termed as modified void nucleation and growth model (MNAG model), i...
In this work, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopes and selected experimental conditions were used to screen the colloidal system. The obtained results complement the established knowledge regarding the...
We reconsider model II of Orban et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 1968, 49, 1778–1783), a two-dimensional lattice-gas system featuring a crystalline phase and two distinct fluid phases (liquid and vapor). In this system, a particle prevents other par...
Incipience of plastic flow in nanoporous metals under tension is an important point for the development of mechanical models of dynamic (spall) fracture. Here we study axisymmetric deformation with tension of nanoporous aluminum with different shapes...
Nanostructured WO3 represents a promising material for electrochromic and sensing devices. In this scenario, electrodeposition is a promising low-cost approach for careful production. The electrodeposition of tungsten oxide film from a peroxo-tungsti...
A mathematical model has been developed for heat exchange in nucleate boiling at high flux applying an energy balance on a macrolayer. The wall superheat, macrolayer thickness, and time are the parameters considered for predicting the heat flux. The...
In the realm of cementitious materials, integrating nanoclay shows promise in enhancing properties relevant to additive manufacturing. This paper presents a novel mathematical model that combines simple empirical dissolution/nucleation Avrami-like ki...
Digital twins have emerged as a powerful concept for real-time monitoring and analysis, facilitating Quality by Design integration into biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Traditionally, lyophilization processes are developed through trial-and-error, in...
Two Types of Ice Clouds (TICs) have been characterized in the Arctic during the polar night and early spring. TIC-1 are composed by non-precipitating small ice crystals of less than 30 µm in diameter. The second type, TIC-2, are characterized by a lo...
The understanding and control of protein crystallization are crucial in structural biology, drug development, and biomaterial design. This study introduces a unified framework for modeling and comparing crystallization kinetics using selected growth...
Motivated by an important application in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, we consider the non-stationary growth of a polydisperse ensemble of crystals in a continuous crystallizer. The mathematical model includes the effects of crystal nuc...
Cracks on the surface of cementitious composites represent an entrance gate for harmful substances—particularly water—to devastate the bulk of material, which results in lower durability. Autogenous crack-sealing is a significantly limite...
This work presents a selective overview of natural fogs in terms of fog types, forms and states of occurrence, physical, micro-physical, chemical and dynamic properties, basic characterizing parameters, etc. In focus are related achievements and cont...
of 23