Glaucoma is linked to raised intraocular pressure (IOP). The trabecular meshwork (TM) plays a major role in regulating IOP by enabling outflow of aqueous humor from the eye through its complex 3D structure. A lack of therapies targeting the dysfuncti...
Strangles, a major contagious disease in horses caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (SEE), is difficult to control because of limitations associated with antimicrobial treatment and persistent carrier states. In this study, we characterized the...
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral pathogen and etiologic agent of localized aggressive periodontitis. The bacterium is also a cardiovascular pathogen causing infective endocarditis. A. actinomycetemcomitans produces leukotoxin (LtxA),...
Jumbo phages have DNA genomes larger than 200 kbp in large virions composed of an icosahedral head, tail, and other adsorption structures, and they are known to be abundant biological substances in nature. In this study, phages in leaf litter compost...
Some staphylococcal species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and/or animals with Staphylococcus epidermidis as one of the most important. It causes a broad spectrum of diseases in humans and animals. This species is able to form biofilms and has...
Bacteriophages have been regarded as biocontrol agents that can be used in the food industry. They can be used in various applications, such as pathogen detection and bio-preservation. Their potential to improve the quality of food and prevent foodbo...
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) form a group of novel anticancer therapeutic agents which selectively infect and lyse cancer cells. Members of several viral families, including Picornaviridae, have been shown to have anticancer activity. Picornaviruses are s...
Prorocentrum donghaiense is a harmful-algal-bloom-forming species of planktonic dinoflagellates widely distributed around the world, which threatens the marine environment and human health. Bacteria are promising biological agents to control algal gr...
Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis are important zoonotic agents which can infect both humans and animals. To combat these pathogens, the application of strictly lytic phages may be a promising tool. Since only few Yersinia phages...
Phages, the parasites of bacteria, are considered as a new kind of antimicrobial agent due to their ability to lyse pathogenic bacteria. Due to the increase of available phage isolates, the newly isolated phage showed increasing genomic similarities...
Clostridium perfringens is the third leading cause of human foodborne bacterial disease and is the presumptive etiologic agent of necrotic enteritis among chickens. Treatment of poultry with antibiotics is becoming less acceptable. Endolysin enzyme...
Phages infecting members of the opportunistic human pathogen, Salmonella enterica, are widespread in natural environments and offer a potential source of agents that could be used for controlling populations of this bacterium; yet, relatively little...
Antimicrobial resistance represents a significant world-wide health threat that is looming. To meet this challenge, new classes of antimicrobial agents and the redesign of existing ones will be required. This review summarizes some of the studies tha...
Kosakonia cowanii (syn. Enterobacter cowanii) is a highly competitive bacterium that lives with plant, insect, fish, bird, and human organisms. It is pathogenic on some plants and an opportunistic pathogen of human. Nine novel viruses that lyse plant...
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are common bacteria that colonize the human and animal gastrointestinal tract, where they help maintain a balanced microbiome. However, some E. coli strains are pathogenic and can cause serious infectious diseases and life-...
Background: Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening infection requiring aggressive surgical and medical management. Despite these interventions, tremendous morbidity and mortality occur. Thus, novel agents are needed to...
Phages of phytopathogenic bacteria are considered to be promising agents for the biological control of bacterial diseases in plants. This paper reports on the isolation and characterisation of a new Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris phage, Murka....
Enteric bacterial human pathogens, i.e., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, are the major cause of diarrheal infections in children and adults. Their structure badly affects the human immune system....
The discovery of new classes of antibiotics is slow, and it is being greatly outpaced by the development of bacterial resistance. This disparity places us in an increasingly vulnerable position because we are running out of safe and effective therape...
Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium capable of producing botulinum toxin and responsible for botulism of humans and animals. Phage-encoded enzymes called endolysins, which can lyse bacteria when exposed extern...
Background/Objectives: The significant outbreak of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has emerged as a primary global concern associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Certain strains of K. pneumoniae are highly resistant to most ant...
Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. Despite recent advancements in bladder cancer therapy, new strategies are still required for improving patient outcomes, particularly for those who experienced Bacille Calmette–Guerin failure...
Bacteriophages are increasingly being used as biological control agents against pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, we isolate and characterize bacteriophage Akh-2 from Geoje Island, South Korea, to evaluate its utility in controlling motile A...
In recent years, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as an effective means of treating cancer. OVs have multiple oncotherapeutic functions including specifically infecting and lysing tumor cells, initiating immune cell death, attacking and destroyin...
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen associated with various infection types, which often exhibits multiple antibiotic resistance. Phages, or bacterial viruses, have an ability to specifically target and destroy K. pneumoniae, offering a potential mea...
Severe pneumonia is the main single cause of death worldwide in children under five years of age. The main etiological agent of pneumonia is the G+ bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, which accounts for up to 45% of all cases. Intriguingly, patients...
Since sponges, as typical filter-feeders, are exposed to a high load of attacking prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, they are armed with a wide arsenal of antimicrobial/cytostatic low-molecular-weight, non-proteinaceous bioactive compounds. Here w...
There is an urgent and imminent need to develop new agents to fight against cancer. In addition to the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, many antimicrobial peptides can bind to and lyse cancer cells. P-113, a 12-amino acid clinically ac...
Hemolysis is a physiological condition in which red blood cells (RBCs) lyse, releasing their contents into the extracellular environment. Hemolysis can be a manifestation of several diseases and conditions, such as sickle cell disease, hemorrhagic st...
Bacillus cereus, a Gram-positive bacterium, is an agent of food poisoning. B. cereus is closely related to Bacillus anthracis, a deadly pathogen for humans, and Bacillus thuringenesis, an insect pathogen. Due to the growing prevalence of antibiotic r...
The number of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria is growing by the year. The pathogenic bacterial species Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are among the high priority candidate targets for the development of n...
The emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella poses a significant threat to global public health and food safety, necessitating the urgent search for new strategies to replace conventional antibiotics. Phages are viruses that can directly target ba...
Oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) vectors present a new modality to treat cancer. These vectors attack tumors via replicating in and killing cancer cells. Upon completion of the vector replication cycle, the infected tumor cell lyses and releases progeny vir...
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus faecium is a challenging pathogen known to cause biofilm-mediated infections with limited effective therapeutic options. Lytic bacteriophages target, infect, and lyse specific bacterial cells and have anti-biofi...
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen posing an urgent threat to global public health, and the capsule is necessary for K. pneumoniae infection and virulence. Phage-derived capsule depolymerases have shown great potential as antivirulenc...
This study explores alternative methods to combat bacterial infections like fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora (Ea) using bacteriophages as potential antimicrobial agents. Two lytic phages, Ea PF 7 and Ea PF 9, were isolated from apple samples a...
Melittin, as an agent to lyse biological membranes, may be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer. However, because of its nonspecific actions, there is a need to use a delivery method. The conducted research determined whether carb...
Ralstonia solanacearum, a pathogen causing widespread bacterial wilt disease in numerous crops, currently lacks an optimal control agent. Given the limitations of traditional chemical control methods, including the risk of engendering drug-resistant...
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens has severely threatened global health. A phage with the ability to efficiently and specifically lyse bacteria is considered an alternative for controlling multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen...
Several oncolytic viruses (OVs) including various human and canine adenoviruses, canine distemper virus, herpes-simplex virus, reovirus, and members of the poxvirus family, such as vaccinia virus and myxoma virus, have been successfully tested for ca...
Zoonotic diseases are a group of infectious diseases that are transmitted naturally from animals to humans. L. garvieae is a Gram-positive bacterium which is present in the aquaculture of freshwater and marine fish. Some isolated cases of infection h...
Hemolytic–uremic syndrome is a life-threating disease most often associated with Shiga toxin-producing microorganisms like Escherichia coli (STEC), including E. coli O157:H7. Shiga toxin is encoded by resident prophages present within this bact...
Alexandriumpacificum is a typical toxic bloom-forming dinoflagellate, causing serious damage to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Many bacteria have been isolated, having algicidal effects on harmful algal species, while few algicidal bacteria hav...
Salmonella is a widely distributed foodborne pathogen that is a serious threat to human health. The accelerated development of drug resistance and the increased demand for natural foods invoke new biocontrol agents to limit contamination by multidrug...
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect and lyse bacterial cells. Since their discovery 110 years ago, they have held a unique place in microbiology, medicine, and agriculture as both scientific tools and potential therapeutic...
Various viruses have been studied and developed for oncolytic virotherapies. In virotherapy, a relatively small amount of viruses used in an intratumoral injection preferentially replicate in and lyse cancer cells, leading to the release of amplified...
Glutathione is a tripeptide compound with many important physiological functions. A new, two-step reaction system has been developed to efficiently synthesize glutathione. In the first step, glutamate and cysteine are condensed to glutamyl-cysteine b...
Mammalian reovirus is a double-stranded RNA virus that selectively infects and lyses transformed cells, making it an attractive oncolytic agent. Despite clinical evidence for anti-tumor activity, its efficacy as a stand-alone therapy remains to be im...
Fusobacterium necrophorum subspecies necrophorum, a resident of the rumen, is the causative agent of bovine liver abscesses. Currently, tylosin, a macrolide, is used in the feed to reduce liver abscesses. Because macrolides are medically important an...
Aeromonas salmonicida is an important pathogen that causes furunculosis in trout and salmon with high morbidity and mortality, resulting in significant economic losses in aquaculture. Overuse of antibiotics has led to the continuous emergence of drug...
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