97 Results Found

An historical overview covering the field of electroanalytical metal cations speciation in freshwaters is presented here, detailing both the notable experimental and theoretical developments. Then, a critical review of the progress in the last five y...

Wood ash, a byproduct of woody biomass power generation, has potential as an alternative K fertilizer due to its high K content and pH-raising properties. However, concerns remain about heavy metal contaminants like Cr and the limited understanding o...

An experimental and computational study on the hydrolysis of Al³⁺ in aqueous solutions is here reported. Speciation model and formation constants were determined by potentiometric titrations at T = 298.15 K, 0.1 ≤ I/mol L⁻¹ ≤ 1 in aqueous...

Evidence suggests that exposure to elevated concentrations of air pollution during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of birth defects and other adverse birth outcomes. While current regulations put limits on total PM2.5 concentrations, the...

The fundamental advances in silicon isotope geochemistry have been systematically demonstrated in this work. Firstly, the continuous modifications in analytical approaches and the silicon isotope variations in major reservoirs and geological processe...

Dissolved organic matter (DOM), primarily in the form of humic acid (HA), plays a crucial role in trace metal (TM) speciation and their subsequent adsorption dynamics on microplastics (MP) in aquatic environments. This study evaluates the impact of e...

About 2.5 billion people rely on groundwater as their main drinking water source, and arsenic pollution within the groundwater system can cause serious short- and long-term health issues. Within the natural environment, arsenic generally exists as ox...

Abandoned smelting sites in karst terrain pose a serious environmental problem due to the complex relationship between specific hydrogeological elements and heavy metal contamination. This review combines work from across the globe to consider how ka...

A secondary contact zone (SCZ) is an area where incipient species or divergent populations may meet, mate, and hybridize. Due to the diverse patterns of interspecific hybridization, SCZs function as field labs for illuminating the on-going evolutiona...

Due to urbanisation, there are large amounts of waste concrete, particularly in rapidly industrialising countries. Currently, demolished concrete is mainly recycled as aggregate for reconstruction. This study has shown that larger sizes (2–5 mm) of r...

Metals and metal-based compounds have many implications in biological systems. They are involved in cellular functions, employed in the formation of metal-based drugs and present as pollutants in aqueous systems, with toxic effects for living organis...

The genus Ctenomys comprises a group of rodents with remarkable karyotypic variability linked to the distribution of repetitive sequences and rearrangements. We analyzed the distribution and variation of repetitive DNA in two parapatric Andean specie...

Background: Transition metals play a crucial role in brain metabolism: since they exist in different oxidation states they are involved in ROS generation, but they are also co-factors of enzymes in cellular energy metabolism or oxidative defense. Met...

Speciation, an evolutionary process by which new species form, is ultimately responsible for the incredible biodiversity that we observe on Earth every day. Such biodiversity is one of the critical features which contributes to the survivability of b...

The behaviour and fate of trace elements in surface waters are greatly affected by their chemical form in solution, but the aqueous speciation of dissolved trace elements in the North American Great Lakes has received relatively little attention. Her...

Composting is an effective method for stabilizing and valorizing pig manure, which is rich in nutrients but also contains heavy metals such as chromium (Cr). These heavy metals can promote the development of heavy metal resistance genes (MRGs) during...

Transposable elements (TEs) play an important role in shaping genomic organization and structure, and may cause dramatic changes in phenotypes. Despite the genetic load they may impose on their host and their importance in microevolutionary processes...

Magnaporthe oryzae, one of the most notorious plant pathogens in the agronomic ecosystem, causes a destructive rice blast disease around the world. The blast fungus infects wide arrays of cultivated and non-cultivated plants within the Poaceae. Studi...

Packing material can release certain elements such as As, Cr, or Sb into its content and, thus, contaminate the drinking water. The effect of As, Cr, and Sb on human health depends highly on the chemical species in which these elements are introduced...

Insights into genome size dynamics and its evolutionary impact remain limited by the lack of data for many plant groups. One of these is the genus Iris, of which only 53 out of c. 260 species have available genome sizes. In this study, we estimated t...

Modelling trace metal dynamics is essential in an integrated modelling framework as trace metals have the potential to be fatal, even when present at low concentrations. Since the degree of bioavailability of a metal depends on its presence in the di...

Previous studies have revealed dynamic and complex redox conditions of the late Ediacaran ocean. Integrated analyses of Ediacaran successions on different continents can help to better understand global ocean redox conditions. In this study, we used...

Admixture and hybridization may play a key role in population dynamics and speciation with respect to habitat, demographic history, and adaptive selection. The present study examines the genetic diversity of two congeneric—but in different subg...

Adaptive dynamics is a mathematical framework for studying evolution. It extends evolutionary game theory to account for more realistic ecological dynamics and it can incorporate both frequency- and density-dependent selection. This is a practical gu...

Butterfly chromosomes are holocentric, i.e., lacking a localized centromere. Potentially, this can lead to rapid karyotypic evolution through chromosome fissions and fusions, since fragmented chromosomes retain kinetic activity, while fused chromosom...

Microplastics (MPs) are prevalent emerging pollutants in soil environments, acting as carriers for other contaminants and facilitating combined pollution along with toxic metals like cadmium (Cd). This interaction increases toxic effects and poses su...

We explored the cryptic speciation of the Nannospalax leucodon species complex, characterised by intense karyotype evolution and reduced phenotypic variability that has produced different lineages, out of which 25 are described as chromosomal forms (...

Element analysis in clinical or biological samples is important due to the essential role in clinical diagnostics, drug development, and drug-effect monitoring. Particularly, the specific forms of element binding, actual redox state, or their spatial...

Since 2017, there has been a considerable increase in the recorded sea salt aerosol (SSA) levels across the United States, particularly the economically critical Baltimore–Washington Corridor (BWC). This unexpected escalation, as reported in th...

In this study, air pollution control (APC) residue is conducted with water washing process to reduce its chloride content. A novel electrical conductivily (EC) measurement method is proposed to monitor the dynamic change of chloride concentrations in...

Variation of dynamic viscosity, density and enthalpy as a function of mole fraction of amine (tri-n-octylamine, triisooctylamine, bis(2-ethylhexyl)amine) in bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) or Cyanex 272, (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphin...

Heavy metals in peatland pose significant ecological risks due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and dynamic mobilization under fluctuating environmental conditions. Understanding heavy metal dynamics in subtropical peatlands is critical for add...

n-Pentanol, a promising biofuel, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions while remaining compatible with internal combustion engines. We present a reduced kinetic mechanism comprising 66 species and 292 reactions that captures both high- and low-temperat...

Tea is one of the three most popular nonalcoholic beverages globally and has extremely high economic and cultural value. Currently, the classification, taxonomy, and evolutionary history of the tea family are largely elusive, including phylogeny, div...

Soil selenium (Se) speciation characteristics and their influence on the Se enrichment pattern and physiological characteristics of oilseed rape are poorly understood. We investigated dynamic changes in rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, Se...

Geological processes can strongly affect the distribution and diversification of freshwater-limited species. In particular, a combination of geological and biological data has suggested that Earth history processes can drive vicariant isolation and s...

A review of the known diploid species in Hieracium L. s.s. (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) is presented. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge of the taxa with the basic ploidy level in the genus (2n = 2x = 18), as these entities are supposed...

Speciation of actinides, and more particularly bioligand-binding ability, influences in vivo behavior. Understanding these interactions is essential for estimation of radiological dose and improvement of decorporation strategies for accidentally cont...

To investigate the evolutionary trajectory during the recent speciation of AA-genome Oryza species, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the MADS-box gene family across eight Oryza species. We identified 1093 MADS-box genes in total and systemati...

This study targets on-site/real-time taxonomic identification and metabolic profiling of seven different Candida auris clades/subclades by means of Raman spectroscopy and imaging. Representative Raman spectra from different Candida auris samples were...

Polysulfide plays an essential role in controlling various physiological activities in almost all organisms. We recently investigated the impact of polysulfide metabolic enzymes on the temporal dynamics of cellular polysulfide speciation and transcri...

Syringophilidae is one of the most species-rich families in the superfamily Cheyletoidea, comprising approximately 420 species across 62 genera and two subfamilies. In this paper, we propose a new genus, Corvisyringophilus, and a new species, C. krum...

Mercury, particularly in its methylated form, poses a significant environmental and health risk in aquatic ecosystems. While the toxicity and bioaccumulation of mercury are well documented, there remains a critical gap in our understanding of the mec...

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes play a key role in plant immune responses and have co-evolved with pathogens since the origin of green plants. Comparative genomic studies on the evolution of NLR genes have been carried out in sever...

Centromeric satellite DNA (cen-satDNA) consists of highly divergent repeat monomers, each approximately 171 base pairs in length. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity in the centromeric region of two primate species: long-tailed (Macaca fascic...

Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences able to transpose within the host genome and, consequently, influence the dynamics of evolution in the species. Among the possible effects, TEs insertions may alter the expression and coding patterns of g...

Vibration spectroscopy is routinely used in analytical chemistry for molecular speciation. Less common is its use in studying the dynamics of reaction and transport processes. A shortcoming of vibration spectroscopies is that they are not inherently...

In this work, we trace the dynamics of satellite DNAs (SatDNAs) accumulation and elimination along the pathway of W chromosome differentiation using the well-known Triportheus fish model. Triportheus stands out due to a conserved ZZ/ZW sex chromosome...

The intraspecies and interspecies Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) between the closely related Cebidae species, capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus, Sapajus apella), and the tamarins (Saguinus mystax, Leontocebus fuscicollis) was performed to an...

Species diversity is high in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains, particularly at the edges characterized by deep ravines and “sky islands”. Studies focused on sky-island species are sparse and the patterns observed in response to both geogra...