Face images in the logarithmic space can be considered as a sum of the texture component and lighting map component according to Lambert Reflection. However, it is still not easy to separate these two parts, because face contour boundaries and lighti...
Underwater images often suffer from degradation such as color distortion and blurring due to light absorption and scattering. It is essential to utilize underwater image enhancement (UIE) methods to acquire high-quality images. Convolutional networks...
The separate analysis of images obtained from a single source using different camera settings or spectral bands, whether from one or more than one sensor, is quite difficult. To solve this problem, a single image containing all of the distinctive pie...
Attention mechanisms are widely used for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) when performing various visual tasks. Many methods introduce multi-scale information into attention mechanisms to improve their feature transformation performance; however,...
In multi-modal images (MMI), the differences in their imaging mechanisms lead to large signal-to-noise ratio differences, which means that the matching of geometric invariance and the matching accuracy of the matching algorithms often cannot be balan...
Accurate statistical inference for zero-inflated and highly skewed data requires confidence interval procedures with a strong finite-sample performance. The delta–inverse Gaussian distribution provides a flexible framework for modeling such dat...
The logistic additive regression model has been a standard method in modeling nonlinear effects for multivariate analyses of binary outcomes in the generalized additive model (GAM) framework. However, the resultant nonlinear estimate of the smooth fu...
This paper proposes a new approach to pixel-level fusion using the opposite frequency from the discrete wavelet transform with Gaussian or Difference of Gaussian. The low-frequency from discrete wavelet transform sub-band was fused with the Differenc...
Aiming at a thorny issue, that conventional small target detection algorithm using local contrast method is not sensitive for residual background clutter, robustness of algorithms is not strong. A Gaussian fusion algorithm using multi-scale regional...
Although infrared small target detection has been broadly used in airborne early warning, infrared guidance, surveillance and tracking, it is still an open issue due to the low signal-to-noise ratio, less texture information, background clutters, and...
Compositing of ground penetrating radar (GPR) scans of differing frequencies have been found to produce cleaner images at depth using the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) feature of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. GPR scans at various height...
Poisson’s equation frequently emerges in many fields, yet its exact solution is rarely feasible, making the numerical approach notably valuable. This study aims to provide a tutorial-level guide to numerically solving Poisson’s equation,...
Blood pumps have found applications in heart support devices, oxygenators, and dialysis systems, among others. Often, there is no room for sensors, or the sensors are simply unreliable when long-term operation is required. However, control systems re...
The surface quality of aluminum ingot is crucial for subsequent products, so it is necessary to adaptively detect different types of defects in milled aluminum ingots surfaces. In order to quickly apply the calculations to a real production line, a n...
To address the various challenges in aluminum surface defect detection, such as multiscale intricacies, sensitivity to lighting variations, occlusion, and noise, this study proposes the AluDef-ClassNet model. Firstly, a Gaussian difference pyramid is...
This article investigates the transmission characteristics of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams under cosine modulation, power function modulation and linear modulation based on the variable coefficient fractional Schrödinger equation (FSE), re...
Accurate identification of slope failure mechanisms under shallow foundations is essential for reliable risk assessment and reinforcement design. However, existing studies often neglect the spatial variability of soil properties and the influence of...
In this paper, an innovative home care video monitoring system for detecting abnormal and normal events is proposed by introducing a virtual grounding point (VGP) concept. To be specific, the proposed system is composed of four main image processing...
To realize parameter feedback optimization of tunnel construction in water-rich areas, a feedback analysis method for tunnel parameters under fluid–solid coupling conditions was established based on an intelligent optimization algorithm. Firstl...
Dense disparity map estimation from a high-resolution stereo image is a very difficult problem in terms of both matching accuracy and computation efficiency. Thus, an exhaustive disparity search at full resolution is required. In general, examining m...
Fourth-order cumulants (FOCs) vector-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation methods of non-Gaussian sources may suffer from poor performance for limited snapshots or difficulty in setting parameters. In this paper, a novel FOCs vector-based spar...
Chinese liquor (Baijiu) is one of the four major distilled spirits in the world. At present, liquor products containing impurities still exist on the market, which not only damage corporate image but also endanger consumer health. Due to the producti...
Weather conditions can drastically alter the state of crops and rangelands and, in turn, impact the incomes and food security of individuals worldwide. Satellite-based remote sensing offers an effective way to monitor vegetation and climate variables...
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision impairment globally, underscoring the need for accurate and early diagnosis to prevent disease progression. Although fundus imaging serves as a cornerstone of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) syste...
This study employs Gaussian kernel principal component analysis to construct a composite indicator of environmental behavior willingness from nine dimensions. Using multiple categorical ordered linear regression models and their interaction models, i...
Tree heights are the principal variables for forest plantation inventory. The increasing availability of high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) point clouds derived from low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and modern photogrammetry offers an oppor...
Electrohydrodynamic emission from a sessile droplet depends on a coupled balance among electric traction, capillarity, gravity, charge transport and liquid motion. The present work addresses only the electrostatic-loading part of that problem. Verifi...
Background: Mathematical models inspired by the Human Visual System (HVS) bridge the gap between biological perception and computer vision, by offering powerful frameworks for representing, enhancing, and analyzing digital images. From their initial...
Lightning-induced voltages (LIVs) computation is crucial for lightning protection of power systems and equipment, yet the effect of complex terrain on LIVs remains not fully evaluated. This study establishes a three-dimensional finite-difference time...
Volatile organic compounds, such as formaldehyde, can be used as biomarkers in human exhaled breath in order to non-invasively detect various diseases, and the same compounds are of much interest also in the context of environmental monitoring and pr...
This paper presents a novel auto-focusing system based on a CMOS sensor containing pixels with different phases. Robust extraction of features in a severely defocused image is the fundamental problem of a phase-difference auto-focusing system. In ord...
Polymer nanodielectrics present a particularly challenging materials design problem for capacitive energy storage applications like polymer film capacitors. High permittivity and breakdown strength are needed to achieve high energy density and loss m...
The purpose of this paper is to review some of the key literature on response time as it has played a role in cognitive ability measurement, providing a historical perspective as well as covering current research. We discuss the speed-level distincti...
The multi-symplectic integrator, as a numerical integration approach with symmetry, is known to have the characteristic of preserving the qualitative features and geometric properties of certain systems. Using the multi-symplectic integrator, the num...
This study develops and evaluates simultaneous confidence interval procedures for all pairwise differences of coefficients of variation under delta-inverse Gaussian distributions. The objective is to provide reliable comparative inference for relativ...
The non-Gaussian feature of seismic ground motion has been reported in some works. However, there remains a lack of research on the influence of the ground motion non-Gaussianity on the seismic performance of buildings, which motivates this study. By...
Multi-scale rendering exposes scale-dependent reconstruction errors in 3D Gaussian splatting (3DGS) when the rendering resolution differs from the training resolution. Existing anti-aliasing and multi-scale optimization methods reduce these artifacts...
The performance of many speech processing algorithms depends on modeling speech signals using appropriate probability distributions. Various distributions such as the Gamma distribution, Gaussian distribution, Generalized Gaussian distribution, Lapla...
Gaussian and Laplacian pyramids have long been important for image analysis and compression. More recently, multiresolution pyramids have become an important component of machine learning and deep learning for image analysis and image recognition. Co...
The objective of this paper is to prove that the sea wave height is not a Gaussian process. This is contrary to the common belief, as the height of a sea wave is generally considered a Gaussian process. With this aim in mind, an empirical study of th...
Traditional 4-dimensional variational data assimilation methods have limitations due to the Gaussian distribution assumption of observation errors, and the gradient of the objective functional is vulnerable to observation noise and outliers. To addre...
In passive microwave remote sensing of the Earth’s surface, it is essential to relate the emission to geophysical parameters. The emissivity ranges between 0 and 1. Hence, a slight emissivity variation leads to a significant change in brightnes...
The sea surface elevations are generally stated as non-Gaussian processes in the current literature, being considered Gaussian for short periods of relatively low wave heights. The objective here is to study the evolution of the distribution of the s...
Phytoplankton pigments absorb sunlight for photosynthesis, protect the chloroplast from damage caused by excess light energy, and influence the color of the water. Some pigments act as bio-markers and are important for separation of phytoplankton fun...
In the context of simulating precision laser interferometers, we use several examples to compare two wavefront decomposition methods—the Mode Expansion Method (MEM) and the Gaussian Beam Decomposition (GBD) method—for their precision and...
The output response of any intact oscillatory system subjected to a Gaussian excitation is also Gaussian in nature. On the contrary, when the system contains any type of underlying nonlinearity, the output signal is definitely non-Gaussian. In beam s...
Ince–Gaussian beams, defined as a solution to a wave equation in elliptical coordinates, have shown great advantages in applications such as optical communication, optical trapping and optical computation. However, to ingress these applications...
Hierarchical Bayesian models (HBM) are powerful tools that can be used for spatiotemporal analysis. The hierarchy feature associated with Bayesian modeling enhances the accuracy and precision of spatiotemporal predictions. This paper leverages the hi...
We study two families of four-photon superpositions of the Fock states: even vacuum squeezed states (EVSS) and orthogonal-even coherent states (OECS). These families are distinguished due to several properties: for certain values of parameters, they...
To quantitatively evaluate the effect of the process parameters and the material properties on the temperature in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), this paper proposed a sensitivity analysis of the temperature based on the validated prediction model. F...
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