This paper proposes an optimal design of a middle motor integrated into a mid-drive unit for pedal electric cycles. This middle motor is an axial-flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor with a stator plate. Facing this plate is a rotor plate that ac...
The cycloid gear wear of RV reducers leads to the degradation of the industrial robots’ transmission accuracy, but the degradation law with respect to the wear volume is still unclear. In this paper, a method for determining transmission error...
This paper presents the profiling of the hob mill designed to generate the active surface of the cam of a cycloidal reducer. The algorithm allows determining the active surface of the generating rack gear, which is reciprocally enveloping with the ac...
High-precision drives are essential for ensuring accuracy and repeatability in positioning systems within robotics and industrial automation. Among these, cycloidal reducers are widely utilized due to their ability to deliver a high transmission rati...
Modern power transmission systems are required to meet increasingly stringent demands, including a wide range of transmission ratios, compact dimensions, high precision, energy efficiency, reliability, and thermal stability under dynamic operating co...
The design of cycloidal reducers requires a detailed knowledge of the intensity and character of load, as well as the maximum von Mises stresses on critical components. In the available literature, the load distribution and the stress–strain st...
This study establishes the geometric model of cycloid–pin gear meshing transmission based on the multi-tooth meshing characteristics of the cycloid speed reducer. The calculation and analysis of meshing motion parameters of the cycloid speed re...
The tooth profile modification of cycloidal gears is important in the design and manufacture of precision reducers or rotary vector (RV) reducers for robots. The traditional modification design of cycloidal gears is mainly realized by setting various...
Cycloidal reducers are widely used in precision drive systems due to their reduced backlash in meshing and compact design. However, their operational durability is limited by surface wear and lubricant degradation under elevated contact loads and bou...
This paper presents the design process and driving performance test results of a power-assist module to which a cycloidal reducer is applied in order to convert a manual wheelchair into an electric wheelchair. The types of electrification modules cur...
The problem of internal forces that occur on the cycloid disc during the cycloid speed reducer operation so far has not been considered in a way that reflects its actual workloads and stresses in the cycloid disc itself. This paper presents a dynamic...
The rotary vector reducer presents high precision and load capacity characteristics. The shape of the cycloidal gear tooth profile in the rotary vector reducer significantly affects its performance. Meanwhile, the effect of the machining error on the...
This paper describes the results of research in the field of monitoring dynamic characteristics of the TwinSpin cycloid bearing reducer made by SPINEA. The research in this area resulted from the requirement to monitor the condition of high-precision...
Recently, with policies aimed at strengthening domestic manufacturing and technological innovation, the robotics industry has been growing rapidly, and its applications are expanding across various industrial fields. Accordingly, the importance of hi...
RV reducers contain multi-tooth contact characteristics, with high-impact resistance and a small backlash, and are widely used in precision transmissions, such as robot joints. The main parameters affecting the transmission performance include torsio...
The recent advancements in wearable exoskeletons have highlighted their effectiveness in assisting humans for both rehabilitation and augmentation purposes. These devices interact with the user; therefore, their actuators and power transmission mecha...
The present study investigates the influence of low temperatures on the starting torque, viscous friction, and power intensity of a precision cycloidal reducer TwinSpin TS 140-115-E-P19-0583. Two types of plastic greases with differing viscosities we...
This article proposes a new method for optimizing tooth profile modification amounts of cycloidal reducers. By optimizing transmission error and transmission ratio fluctuation, the objective optimization function is determined, and the influence of o...
The article presents a method for diagnosing cycloidal gear damage on a laboratory stand. The damage was simulated by removing the sliding sleeves from two adjacent external pins of the cycloidal gearbox. Damage to the sliding sleeves may occur under...
The paper is devoted to the development of an algorithm for the automated calculation of force characteristics of cycloid toothing when the initial parameters vary widely. The algorithm forms a structured data array that accelerates finding and outpu...
In order to improve the service life of the needle roller bearing used in a precision cycloid reducer, and to reveal the skew and collision phenomenon of the needle roller bearing, based on the force analysis of the transmission mechanism of the cycl...
This paper aims to realize multi-objective optimization of cycloid-pin gears to improve the positioning accuracy and load-carrying capacity of the rotary vector (RV) reducer, via the consideration of backlash, transmission error, and torsional stiffn...
This paper proposes a modified harmonic cam, which is used to design a harmonic drive. Conventional harmonic drives using a sinusoidal cam type pertain to an elastic body concept and are thus difficult to design and evaluate. Unlike the conventional...
This paper describes, in detail, the research of the influence of the trial run of high-precision reducers on the change of their characterizing parameters with the subsequent determination of the methodology for the identification of their critical...
Many studies have been conducted to reduce the cogging torque of electric power steering motors. However, in the mass production of such motors, it is essential to enhance performance robustness in relation to tolerances. For such motors, this work a...
Cycloid drives are generally used in precision machinery requiring high-reduction ratios, such as robot joint (RV) reducers. The contact stress of cycloidal gears greatly affects lifetime and transmission performance. Traditional finite element metho...
The global steel industry is rapidly transitioning towards energy decarbonization to address the climate crisis. Sintering is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions from steel mills. Traditional sintering processes use straight inclined...
The importance of mathematical and numerical simulation in marine engineering is growing together with the complexity of the designed systems. In general, simulation a makes it possible to improve the engineering design, reducing working time and cos...
Airships are a method of transportation with reduced fuel consumption and great potential for different applications. However, these aerial vehicles still present considerable control and maneuverability problems. To overcome these issues, in the cur...
This study considers a robust design methodology to reduce cogging torque in the EPS (Electric Power Steering) of an automotive system. Cogging torque reduction is the key design factor to improve steering feeling and drive stability in an EPS system...
The China Bearing Reducer (CBR) is a single-stage cycloid reducer with a compact structure, primarily used in high-precision fields such as robotic joints and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tool turntables, where strict requirements for tra...
Wear and overheating in cycloidal systems significantly affect motion transmission efficiency, component lifespan, and maintenance costs. Numerous solutions have been proposed in the patent literature to address these issues. This paper identifies, a...
The rotary vector reducer is the core component of industrial robots, and the transmission efficiency is undoubtedly an important indicator of transmission performance. In addition, the assembly dimensional chain leads to clearance between parts, whi...
Wave energy technology needs to be reliable, efficient, and environmentally sustainable. Therefore, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a critical tool in the design of marine renewable energy devices. However, LCA studies of floating type wave cycloidal...
This article proposes an approach to creating an energy-saving system for an industrial enterprise based on the reduction and indirect recovery of electrical and thermal losses through the use of highly efficient synchronous multipole motors with a d...
Active suspension systems are gaining growing attention in the automotive industry. This trend aligns with vehicle electrification and X-by-wire technologies adoption, also answering to the increasingly stringent requirements for passenger comfort an...
This article presents a modified active-disturbance-rejection control (ADRC) combined with a sliding mode control (SMC) regarding the tracking control problems for plants with unmatched uncertainty. The proposed modified active-disturbance-rejection...
To overcome the limitations of single-dimensional data and low efficiency in traditional cycloidal gear inspection, a comprehensive machine vision-based method was proposed. A high-precision vision platform was established, and a Sigmoid surface-base...
Due to their advantages of compact size, high reduction ratio, large stiffness and high load capacity, RV reducers have been widely used in industrial robots. The dynamic characteristics of RV reducers in terms of vibratory response and dynamic trans...
The RV-40E reducer is the representative model of the a typical RV reducer, where transmission accuracy and manufacturing cost are two important optimization indicators, while transmission accuracy depends on both the selection of accuracy levels for...
Purpose: In the present work, different combinations of fits and accuracies, in relation to the profiles of mating parts, have been analysed in order to assess the degree of the engagement of transmissions that contain intermediate rolling elements....
The current loaded tooth contact analysis of cycloid drives based on the assumption of theoretical positions of ring pins ignores the deviations caused by manufacturing errors and elastic deformations, which are not in agreement with reality. To fill...
This study presents a method for tuning input motion to suppress residual vibrations in a flexible link manipulator, with particular relevance to mechatronic positioning systems. The approach is based on a four-segment acceleration profile that combi...
Hexapod robots are attractive for operation in cluttered and uneven environments, but their walking stability is strongly affected by the coupled effects of leg morphology and foot-end trajectory planning. In many existing designs, leg-segment propor...
An elastic transmission error (TE) compensation method for a rotary vector (RV) speed reducer is proposed to improve its transmission accuracy based on error sensitivity analysis. Elastic and geometric TEs of the RV speed reducer can be compensated b...
Recently, cycloidal drives have been increasingly used due to their beneficial features, such as the implementation of a large transmission, efficiency, and high performance density. Production accuracy is inevitable in order to ensure the dynamicall...
The antiferromagnetic phase transition of the heavy-fermion system Ce(Cu
To address technical challenges such as equipment clogging and tuber damage during the mechanized harvesting of Xiangsha taro, this study designed a high-speed sliding-cutting device and conducted preliminary field performance evaluations. Based on t...
Modification of metal surfaces with antimicrobial peptides is a promising approach to reduce bacterial adhesion. Here, cyclic peptides or cycloids, possessing remarkable stability and antimicrobial activities, were extracted and purified from Viola p...
The lubrication of the mechanical components reduces friction, and increases the efficiency and the reliability. However, the interaction of moving components with the lubricant leads to power losses due to viscous and inertial effects. Nowadays, the...
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