Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem and correlates to varieties of acute or chronic lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. An increase of leptin, a kind of adipoki...
As a regulator of cellular inflammation and proliferation, cytosolic phospholipase A2 α (cPLA2α) is a promising therapeutic target for psoriasis; indeed, the cPLA2α inhibitor AVX001 has shown efficacy against plaque psoriasis in a p...
Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is the rate-limiting enzyme in releasing arachidonic acid and biosynthesis of its derivative eicosanoids. Thus, the catalytic activity of cPLA2α plays an important role in cellular metabolism in...
Calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) had been previously found to be overexpressed by aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) subjected to in vitro calcific induction. Here, cPLA2α expression was immunohistochemica...
The current work was conducted to synthesize several novel anti-inflammatory quinazolines having sulfamerazine moieties as new 3CLpro, cPLA2, and sPLA2 inhibitors. The thioureido derivative 3 was formed when compound 2 was treated with sulfamerazine....
Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is a key enzyme in physiology and pathophysiology because it constitutes a rate-limiting step in the pathway for the generation of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid lipid mediators. cPLA2...
The cytosolic phospholipase A2α(cPLA2α) is one of the potential targets for anti-inflammatory drugs, since this enzyme plays a key role in the inflammation processes seen in health disorders, like asthma, allergic reactions, arthritis and neuronal di...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health burden and a leading cause of death in the United States. Chronic inflammation contributes to fibrosis and CKD progression. Here, we present evidence that a key pro-inflammatory group IVA ph...
Group IV phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) regulates the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes via the formation of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids. The targeting and membrane binding of cPLA2α to the Golgi involves th...
Macrophages are professional antigen presenting cells with intense phagocytic activity, strategically distributed in tissues and cavities. These cells are capable of responding to a wide variety of innate inflammatory stimuli, many of which are signa...
Metastatic disease is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Disrupting the cancer cell’s ability to migrate may be a strategy for hindering metastasis. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 α (cPLA2α), along with downstream pro...
The involvement of calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) in aortic valve calcification is not exhaustively elucidated. Here, cPLA2α expression in aortic valve interstitial cell (AVIC) pro-calcific cultures simulatin...
A key event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and the loss of synapses. In cultured neurons Aβ triggered synapse damage as measured by the loss of synaptic proteins. α-synuclein (αSN), aggregates of which accumu...
The accumulation of aggregated forms of the α-synuclein (αSN) is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. The loss of synapses is an important event in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Here we sho...
2-Oxoesters constitute an important class of potent and selective inhibitors of human cytosolic phospholipase A2 (GIVA cPLA2) combining an aromatic scaffold or a long aliphatic chain with a short aliphatic chain containing a free carboxylic acid. Alt...
Arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide) acts as an endogenous ligand of cannabinoid receptors, while other N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), such as palmitylethanolamide and oleylethanolamide, show analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and appetite-suppressing effect...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the small intestine and colon. Many investigators have reported that l-glutamine (Gln) therapy improves outcomes of exp...
Hyperplasia or hypertrophy of adipose tissues plays a crucial role in obesity, which is accompanied by the release of leptin. Recently, obesity was determined to be associated with various pulmonary diseases including asthma, acute lung injury, and c...
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), belonging to genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae, causes great economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Previous studies demonstrated the lipid composition of intracellular unenveloped viruses, but the change...
Compound 8-C-rhamnosyl apigenin (8CR) induced a moderate reduction in the enzymatic activity of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) from Crotalus durissus terrificus and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), but the compound also significantly inhibited...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and the loss of synapses. Aggregation of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) by Aβ oligomers induced synapse damage in cultured neur...
Hyperglycemia-induced impairment of the blood-retinal barrier represents the main pathological event in diabetic retinopathy that is elicited by a reduced cellular response to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased inflammatio...
Availability of free arachidonic acid (AA) constitutes a rate limiting factor for cellular eicosanoid synthesis. AA distributes differentially across membrane phospholipids, which is largely due to the action of coenzyme A-independent transacylase (C...
Inflammation is a hallmark of many metabolic diseases. We previously showed that ferrocene-appended 1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in in vitro models of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in the BV-2 cell. In the...
Increased activity of secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) type-II was previously observed in ileum of Crohn’s disease (CD). Our aims were to explore the involvement of calcium-independent (i)PLA2β in the release of sPLA2s from the human ma...
Adipose tissue secretes proinflammatory mediators which promote systemic and adipose tissue inflammation seen in obesity. Group IIA (GIIA)-secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes are found to be elevated in plasma and adipose tissue from obese pati...
Molecular mechanisms and pathological features of p-Cresyl sulfate (PCS)-induced uremic lung injury (ULI) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unclear. We analyzed pleural effusions (PE) from CKD and non-CKD patients for uremic toxins, reactive oxy...
Asthma is characterized by aberrant airways including epithelial thickening, goblet cell hyperplasia, and smooth muscle hypertrophy within the airway wall. The current study examined whether kaempferol inhibited mast cell degranulation and prostaglan...
R-flurbiprofen is the non-COX-inhibiting enantiomer of flurbiprofen and is not converted to S-flurbiprofen in human cells. Nevertheless, it reduces extracellular prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in cancer or immune cell cultures and human extracellular fluid....
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that have been associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and obesity. Adipose tissue in turn is an active endocrine organ capable of secreting a range of proinflammatory mediato...
In Taiwan, the root extract of Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. (Vitaceae, VT) is rich in stilbenes, with resveratrol (Res) and its derivatives being the most abundant. Previously, we showed that the effect of Res derivatives against tumor necrosis fa...
Platelets play crucial roles in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by regulating hemostasis and blood coagulation at sites of blood vessel damage. Accumulating evidence indicates daidzein inhibits platelet activation, but the mechanism involved has not b...
Platelets play a very significant role in hemostasis while simultaneously posing a risk for the development of various cardiovascular diseases. Platelet-mediated issues can occur in blood vessels and trigger various medical problems. Therefore, contr...
Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effects of two high-resistance training (RT) protocols combined with curcumin supplementation on antioxidant capacity, systemic inflammation, bone and muscle health, and body composition. Methods: Eighty-one app...
Allergy and asthma pathogenesis are associated with the dysregulation of metabolic pathways. To understand the effects of allergen sensitization on metabolic pathways, we conducted a multi-omics study using BALB/cJ mice sensitized to house dust mite...
This study examines the temperature-resolved, polymorph-specific crystallinity of poly(lactic acid), PLA, during cooling and heating at 10 °C/min, with a focus on the effects of N, N-bis(benzoyl) hexanedioic acid dihydrazide (BHAD, commercially k...
Corneal alkali burns represent one of the most severe forms of ocular surface injury and frequently result in persistent inflammation, corneal neovascularization, stromal remodeling, and permanent visual impairment. Current therapeutic approaches inc...
This study aimed to discuss the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) regulation involved in diabetes cognitive dysfunction. First, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test was used to evaluate cognitive ability in diabetic patients and normal cont...
Old world alphaviruses (e.g., chikungunya) are known to cause severe acute and chronic debilitating arthralgia/arthritis. However, atypical neurological manifestations and, in particular, unexpected cases of acute inflammatory Guillain–Barre sy...
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a versatile and sustainable polymer used in various applications. This research explores the use of orotic acid (OA) and ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS) as nucleating agents to enhance the quiescent crystallization of PLA withi...
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) of polylactic acid (PLA) produces parts whose weak interlayer bonding and low as-printed crystallinity limit their tensile performance. This work used a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array with five replicates per cell (n = 5;...
This study investigates the use of low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a plasticizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PLA/PEG blend films were prepared using the solvent casting method with varying mixing ratios. The films were analyzed u...
The aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocyte with the circulating inflammatory biomarkers and parameters of extracellular matrix remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)....
Snakes contain three types of phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-inhibitory proteins in their blood, PLIα, β, and γ, which protect them from their own venom, PLA2. PLIβ is the snake ortholog of leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG). Sin...
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a promising biodegradable polymer whose widespread application is hindered by inherent brittleness. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a common plasticizer, but the effects of intermediate molecular weights, such as 4000 g/mol, on...
This study reports on using reactive extrusion (REX) modified thermoplastic starch particles as a bio-based and biodegradable nucleating agent to increase the rate of crystallization, percent crystallinity and improve oxygen barrier properties while...
Lactosylceramide (LacCer), also known as CD17/CDw17, is a member of a large family of small molecular weight compounds known as glycosphingolipids. It plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids, primarily by way of serving as a pr...
Recent evidence suggests that C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) heteromerizes with α1A/B-adrenoceptors (AR) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) and that CXCR4:α1A/B-AR heteromers are important for α1-AR function in vascular smooth muscle...
Ononis spinosa L. (Fabaceae), commonly known as spiny restharrow, is a widely distributed medicinal plant traditionally used in European and Middle Eastern phytotherapy, particularly for the management of urological and inflammatory conditions. Despi...
Phospholipases (PLs) are key enzymes involved in membrane remodeling, structure, and signaling during plant stress responses. This study analyzed early and long-term transcriptional regulation of PL isoforms—PLD (CsPLDα,β,δ,&ga...
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