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Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition

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A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Physics and Theory".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2025) | Viewed by 13070

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Prof. Dr. Fahmi Zaïri

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Civil Engineering and Geo-Environmental Laboratory (ULR 4515 LGCgE), Lille University, 59000 Lille, France
Interests: annulus fibrosus; intervertebral disc; lumbar spine; hyperelastic material; elastomers; rubber; polyethylenes; tensile deformation; wide-angle X-ray scattering; mechanics of polymers; damage mechanics; fracture mechanics; consti-tutive modelling
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Prof. Dr. Matthias Ballauff

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Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Interests: physics of colloids and macromolecules; chemistry and physics of colloidal systems; scattering methods and structural research on battery systems was done mainly by using small-angle X-ray and neutro
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Dr. Ulrich Maschke

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Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET), UMR 8207, Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, 59000 Lille, France
Interests: photochemistry and radiochemistry of organic materials; polymerization/crosslinking processes; static and dynamical properties of polymers (blends, networks,...); polymer/liquid crystal systems; recycling of materials from WEEE
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Prof. Dr. Rufina G. Alamo

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Department of Chemical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
Interests: polymer crystallization; polymorphism; crystallization and melting of polyethylenes and polypropylenes; morphological and structural studies in polyolefins; blends of polyolefins
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Collection titled "Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition", which will be a collection of papers invited for publication by the Editorial Board Members.

This Special Issue is designed to publish high-quality reviews or article papers dealing with the different issues covered by the journal. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following:

The development of multiscale modeling methodologies, constitutive equations, and new theories;
The implementation of efficient algorithms and machine learning schemes for structure–property relationship quantification;
Experimental studies for the preparation and characterization of new polymeric materials, including instrumentation and the development of new measuring devices;
Developments in view of potential applications in batteries, memory devices, and solar energy;
Sustainability challenges: polymer materials designed for waste management (bio-based, linear, and crosslinked).

Prof. Dr. Fahmi Zaïri
Prof. Dr. Matthias Ballauff
Dr. Ulrich Maschke
Prof. Dr. Rufina G. Alamo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

mechanics of polymers
damage mechanics
physics of colloids and macromolecules
static and dynamical properties of polymers
polymer/liquid crystal systems
polymer crystallization
morphological and structural studies in polyolefin

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Related Special Issue

Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory in Polymers (10 articles)

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 6088 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fabric/Polyetherketoneketone Composites Under Different Environmental Conditions

by Xiangyu Xu, Baoyan Zhang, Fenghui Shi, Kai Liu, Gongqiu Peng and Junpeng Gao

Polymers 2025, 17(9), 1142; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17091142 - 22 Apr 2025

Viewed by 246

Abstract

Carbon fabric reinforced polyetherketoneketone (CFF/PEKK) composites have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their superior properties and have been successfully applied in various engineering fields. Environmental conditions are known to directly influence the mechanical properties and service life of composites; however, limited literature exists on the mechanical behavior of CFF/PEKK composites under different environmental conditions. This study elucidates the correlation between the bending and shear behaviors of CFF/PEKK composites and environmental factors, thereby offering robust data support for engineering applications. In this work, CFF/PEKK composite laminates with a fiber volume fraction of 55 vol% were fabricated and subjected to saturated moisture absorption treatments at 70 °C. The moisture absorption characteristics of the material were investigated. The bending and shear properties of CFF/PEKK composites were characterized under three environmental conditions: −55 °C dry state (CTD), room temperature dry state (RTD), and 70 °C wet state (ETW). Failure modes and mechanisms of composite specimens were also analyzed. The equilibrium moisture absorption rate of CFF/PEKK composites is approximately 0.27%. Hygrothermal aging resulted in noticeable fiber pull-out in mechanical specimens, indicating damage to the interfacial performance of the composites. Furthermore, no cracks or delamination were observed. Results indicate that in the CTD condition, the bending strength and shear strength of CFF/PEKK composites are higher compared to those in the RTD condition, while the modulus remains relatively unaffected. In the ETW condition, both bending and shear properties exhibit a significant decline, with the most pronounced reduction observed in interlaminar shear strength. No significant differences in failure modes were noted across different environmental conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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16 pages, 11023 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multifunctional High-Concentration Polyepoxysuccinic Acid for Water-Based Drilling Fluids: Achieving Ultra-Low Friction and Filtration

by Fuchang You, Yu Wu, Xingguang Gong and Yancheng Zheng

Polymers 2025, 17(6), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17060751 - 12 Mar 2025

Viewed by 573

Abstract

Water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs) cannot be effectively applied in long horizontal wells, such as shale gas wells, due to their high coefficient of friction (COF) and filtration loss that can strongly limit the efficient and environmentally friendly development of oil and gas resources. The objective of this study is the formulation of a WBDF characterized by ultra-low friction and ultra-low filtration properties, with a high-concentration polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) solution being utilized in the continuous phase. The research aims at the exploration of the feasibility of the method, the validation of the results, and the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed WBDFs have excellent rheological properties, a COF of 0.016 and an API filtration of 0.4 mL. Microscopic analysis confirmed a direct and positive correlation between the macroscopic properties of the drilling fluids and their adsorption behavior at high PESA concentrations. This approach can be used to redesign traditional WBDFs and provide new possibilities to realize super performance in WBDFs that can be used to replace oil-based drilling fluids. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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14 pages, 2062 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hygrothermal Treatment Improves the Dimensional Stability and Visual Appearance of Round Bamboo

by Tong Tang, Changhua Fang, Zhen Sui, Chuanle Fu and Xuelin Li

Polymers 2025, 17(6), 747; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17060747 - 12 Mar 2025

Viewed by 378

Abstract

Green, newly felled bamboo stems are prone to cracking during the drying process due to the growth stress and moisture gradient. To improve the drying quality and dimensional stability of bamboo stems, this study applied hygrothermal treatment under atmospheric pressure to newly felled bamboo stems. The temperature, relative humidity, and duration of the treatment were optimized using an orthogonal L₉ (3⁴) experimental design. The results show that the surface color of round bamboo became more uniform after hygrothermal treatment. Furthermore, hygrothermal treatment could reduce the cuticular wax and silicon layer detachment on the surface of round bamboo after drying. According to the range and variance analysis, the relative humidity had the greatest impact on dimensional stability, followed by treatment duration, whereas the temperature had a limited effect. The swelling rate of round bamboo under a hygrothermal treatment at a relative humidity of 95%, a temperature of 95 °C, and a duration of 3 h was decreased 53.72% and 62.76% compared with untreated round bamboo after moisture or water absorption for 7 d, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed in the color of the round bamboo under different hygrothermal treatment conditions. Overall, this study suggests that hygrothermal treatment could be a highly promising technology for improving the dimensional stability of newly felled bamboo stems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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15 pages, 4700 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vulcanization Characteristics and Static/Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Chlorinated Butyl Rubber Matrix Materials

by Kai Wang, Hengxu Lv and Zhixin Liu

Polymers 2025, 17(6), 708; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17060708 - 7 Mar 2025

Viewed by 595

Abstract

The damping performance of chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) is exceptional; however, its poor processability during vulcanization can lead to numerous defects. Natural rubber (NR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) were selected to blend with CIIR for improving its processing performance. Their effects on the vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, and damping performance were investigated. Blending CIIR with NR can considerably increase the vulcanization speed of the rubber compound and improve production efficiency. The tensile strength of the vulcanizate first increases with an increase in the dosage of NR in NR/CIIR, and subsequently, it decreases before increasing again. The tensile strength first increases and then decreases with an increase in the EPDM dosage in EPDM/CIIR vulcanizate. The tensile strength increases by 15.6%when the EPDM dosage is 60 and 80 phr. EPDM and NR have similar effects on the damping performance of CIIR, which were evaluated by fitting the data of loss factor (∆tanδ) versus NR or EPDM dosage. Therefore, the quantity of NR or EPDM can be conveniently calculated based on performance requirements when designing the formula of the CIIR matrix materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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14 pages, 7708 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Oil Resistance of Hydrogenated-Butadiene-Acrylonitrile-Rubber-Based Composites Across Various Temperatures

by Yu Han, Jingkai Nie, Zhanwei Zhu, Hang Yin, Lei Shi, Shuai Wang, Xiaosheng Liu and Qiang He

Polymers 2024, 16(23), 3294; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233294 - 26 Nov 2024

Viewed by 923

Abstract

The influence of molecular structure (acrylonitrile content) and formulation (carbon black and plasticizer dosage) on the rheological and mechanical properties of HNBR composites was systematically studied, with further discussion on ozone resistance and swelling behavior in transformer oil. The results demonstrated that the curing characteristics and rheological behavior of HNBR composites are closely linked to acrylonitrile content, carbon black, and plasticizer levels. Plasticizers significantly reduced the degree of crosslinking and the Payne effect, while fillers had the opposite impact. Fillers increased the modulus at 100% and 200%, reducing elongation at break, whereas plasticizers enhanced elongation at break while lowering the modulus. The effects of fillers and plasticizers on tensile strength were relatively minor. Both exhibited different influences on mechanical properties at various aging temperatures. Compression set testing revealed that under a 125 °C hot air environment, the compression set was less than 30%, while at −30 °C in cold air, it exceeded 60%. In a 125 °C hot transformer oil environment, the compression set ranged between 30% and 60%. Oil resistance tests indicated that HNBR composites with higher acrylonitrile content showed lower mass change rates in transformer oil, with further reduction achieved by increasing the plasticizer or filler content. Due to their excellent performance and resistance to ozone cracking, HNBR composites have significant potential for applications in high-altitude power grids and military-grade rubber sealing products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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20 pages, 8629 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation of Combined Aging and Mullins Stress Softening of Rubber Nanocomposites

by Mohamed Bakar, Marta Sola-Wdowska, Małgorzata Przybyłek, Anita Białkowska, Iwona Zarzyka, Barbora Hanulikova and Milan Masař

Polymers 2024, 16(22), 3141; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16223141 - 11 Nov 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1083

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of thermal aging, ultraviolet radiation (UV), and stress softening on the performance properties of rubber modified with Cloisite Na⁺ or Cloisite 20A. Tensile strength (TS), strain at break (SB), modulus, and the retention coefficient were measured before and after aging. Results showed that TS and SB decreased by about 50% after 7 days of aging for all tested samples due to the breakage of the chemical bonds between rubber and nanoparticles. The modulus at 300% elongation increased by 20%, 15%, and 7% after thermal aging for the unmodified sample, nanocomposites with Cloisite Na⁺, and Cloisite 20A, respectively. The shape retention coefficient of all samples was not affected by heat, except for the virgin rubber sample, which exhibited a decrease of about 15% under thermal aging. The virgin matrix and nanocomposites showed different values of aging coefficient during thermal aging and UV radiation. The dissipated energy of samples that were aged after stretching was slightly higher than that of samples that were aged after stretching due to the breakdown of the bonds within the nanocomposites. Loading-reloading energy results showed that the level of stress softening was lower when Mullins was applied after the aging of the samples. Differential scanning calorimetry results indicated a slight decrease in T_g1 in the aged and stretched samples and an increase in the temperature of the first endothermic peak due to the addition of nanofillers in the stretched and aged samples. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that all tested samples exhibited similar thermograms, regardless of their state of stretching or aging. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the fracture surface of the virgin unaged sample was rough with some holes, while it was flatter and less rough after aging. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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10 pages, 5308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mechanism Analysis and Potential Applications of Atomic Oxygen Erosion Protection for Kapton-Type Polyimide Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations

by Shengrui Zhou, Li Zhang, Liang Zou, Bilal Iqbal Ayubi and Yiwei Wang

Polymers 2024, 16(12), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16121687 - 13 Jun 2024

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1397

Abstract

Polyimide (PI) is widely used in aerospace applications due to its excellent properties. However, the high concentration of atomic oxygen (AO) in low-earth orbit (LEO) significantly degrades its performance. This study employs reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze the AO erosion resistance of fluorinated polyimide (FPI) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) composite polyimide models. The 35 ps simulation results indicate that the PI/POSS composite exhibits the best protective performance. The protection mechanism involves the formation of an SiO₂ carbonized layer that prevents the transmission of AO and heat to the polyimide matrix, resulting in a normalized mass of 84.1% after erosion. The FPI model shows the second-best protective effect, where the introduction of -CF₃ groups enhances the thermal stability of the polyimide matrix, resulting in a normalized mass of 80.7% after erosion. This study explores the protective effects and mechanisms of different polyimide protection methods at the molecular level, providing new insights for the design of AO erosion protection systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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24 pages, 12524 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Plasticization/Annealing on Thermal, Dynamic Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)

by Lina Benkraled, Assia Zennaki, Latifa Zair, Khadidja Arabeche, Abdelkader Berrayah, Ana Barrera, Zohra Bouberka and Ulrich Maschke

Polymers 2024, 16(7), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16070974 - 3 Apr 2024

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2716

Abstract

This study investigates the use of low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a plasticizer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PLA/PEG blend films were prepared using the solvent casting method with varying mixing ratios. The films were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and dynamic rheological analysis. The results indicate that the addition of PEG as a plasticizer affects the thermal and mechanical properties of the PLA/PEG blend films. The study found that the glass transition and cold crystallization temperatures decreased with increasing PEG content up to 20 wt%, while the crystallinity and crystallization rate increased. The blends with up to 20 wt% PEG were miscible, but phase separation occurred when the plasticizer content was increased to 30 wt%. Subsequently, amorphous samples of neat PLA and PLA plasticized with 10 wt% of PEG underwent annealing at various temperatures (T_a = 80–120 °C) for durations t_a of 1 and 24 h. The samples were then analyzed using DSC and DMA. The addition of PEG to PLA altered the content of α′ and α crystalline forms compared to neat PLA at a given (T_a; t_a) and favored the formation of a mixture of α′ and α crystals. The crystallinity achieved upon annealing increased with increasing T_a or t_a and with the incorporation of PEG. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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Review

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81 pages, 17721 KiB

Open AccessReview

Interactive Coupling Relaxation of Dipoles and Wagner Charges in the Amorphous State of Polymers Induced by Thermal and Electrical Stimulations: A Dual-Phase Open Dissipative System Perspective

by Jean Pierre Ibar

Polymers 2025, 17(2), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17020239 - 19 Jan 2025

Viewed by 708

Abstract

This paper addresses the author’s current understanding of the physics of interactions in polymers under a voltage field excitation. The effect of a voltage field coupled with temperature to induce space charges and dipolar activity in dielectric materials can be measured by very sensitive electrometers. The resulting characterization methods, thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD) and thermal-windowing deconvolution (TWD), provide a powerful way to study local and cooperative relaxations in the amorphous state of matter that are, arguably, essential to understanding the glass transition, molecular motions in the rubbery and molten states and even the processes leading to crystallization. Specifically, this paper describes and tries to explain ‘interactive coupling’ between molecular motions in polymers by their dielectric relaxation characteristics when polymeric samples have been submitted to thermally induced polarization by a voltage field followed by depolarization at a constant heating rate. Interactive coupling results from the modulation of the local interactions by the collective aspect of those interactions, a recursive process pursuant to the dynamics of the interplay between the free volume and the conformation of dual-conformers, two fundamental basic units of the macromolecules introduced by this author in the “dual-phase” model of interactions. This model reconsiders the fundamentals of the TSD and TWD results in a different way: the origin of the dipoles formation, induced or permanent dipoles; the origin of the Wagner space charges and the T_g,ρ transition; the origin of the T_LL manifestation; the origin of the Debye elementary relaxations’ compensation or parallelism in a relaxation map; and finally, the dual-phase origin of their super-compensations. In other words, this paper is an attempt to link the fundamentals of TSD and TWD activation and deactivation of dipoles that produce a current signal with the statistical parameters of the “dual-phase” model of interactions underlying the Grain-Field Statistics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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21 pages, 5013 KiB

Open AccessReview

Study on Structure–Function Integrated Polymer-Based Microwave-Absorption Composites

by Jiaqu Zhang, Zexu Fan, Bo Li, Dengxun Ren and Mingzhen Xu

Polymers 2024, 16(17), 2472; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16172472 - 30 Aug 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1641

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth exploration of the current state of research in microwave-absorbing composite materials, juxtaposing the status quo of coating type and structurally reinforced resin-based composites, with a particular emphasis on the latter’s structural and performance superiority. It succinctly elucidates the mechanisms of electromagnetic shielding, as well as the conditions and underlying principles that govern the absorption of microwaves by composite materials. The review continues by dissecting the strategies for enhancing the microwave-absorption capabilities of resin-based composites, including the classification of absorbents, absorbent selection, and an overview of structural design innovations in microwave-absorbing materials. Structural wave-absorbing composites are manufactured by combining different types of resin matrices, absorbers, reinforcing fibers and construction methods. The interactions between these components are scrutinized to reveal how each contributes to the overall performance of the composite. We spotlight the unique construction methods and the intricate relationship between structure and performance in structurally reinforced composites, offering insights into the optimization strategies for composite-material absorption characteristics. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the article contemplates the burgeoning potential and future applications of fiber-reinforced resin-based microwave-absorbing composites, setting the stage for a new era in material science and technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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25 pages, 5956 KiB

Open AccessReview

Methods of Manipulation of Acoustic Radiation Using Metamaterials with a Focus on Polymers: Design and Mechanism Insights

by Qibo Deng, Tianying Du, Hassanien Gomaa, Yong Cheng and Cuihua An

Polymers 2024, 16(17), 2405; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16172405 - 24 Aug 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1331

Abstract

The manipulation of acoustic waves is becoming increasingly crucial in research and practical applications. The coordinate transformation methods and acoustic metamaterials represent two significant areas of study that offer innovative strategies for precise acoustic wave control. This review highlights the applications of these methods in acoustic wave manipulation and examines their synergistic effects. We present the fundamental concepts of the coordinate transformation methods and their primary techniques for modulating electromagnetic and acoustic waves. Following this, we deeply study the principle of acoustic metamaterials, with particular emphasis on the superior acoustic properties of polymers. Moreover, the polymers have the characteristics of design flexibility and a light weight, which shows significant advantages in the preparation of acoustic metamaterials. The current research on the manipulation of various acoustic characteristics is reviewed. Furthermore, the paper discusses the combined use of the coordinate transformation methods and polymer acoustic metamaterials, emphasizing their complementary nature. Finally, this article envisions future research directions and challenges in acoustic wave manipulation, considering further technological progress and polymers’ application potential. These efforts aim to unlock new possibilities and foster innovative ideas in the field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Polymer Physics and Theory—2nd Edition)

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