It is a well-known fact that the value of the Bond work index (wi) for a given ore varies along with the grinding size. In this study, a variability bysis is carried out with the Bond standard grindability tests on different critical metal ores (W, T...
Comminution is the stage with the largest energy consumption in the mining process. Therefore, several pre-treatments have been proposed to reduce the energy requirements of this stage. This work analyzed the effect of a heating pre-treatment on the...
Mining is a crucial sector in the global economy, providing essential materials for various industries, including construction, electronics, and energy. However, traditional mining practices often have significant negative impacts on the environment....
Determining the Bond grindability test in a ball mill is one of the most commonly used methods in the mining industry for measuring the hardness of ores. The test is an essential part of the Bond work index methodology for designing and calculating t...
Analysis of geometallurgical data is essential to building geometallurgical models that capture physical variability in the orebody and can be used for the optimization of mine planning and the prediction of milling circuit performance. However, mult...
Standard drop weight, SMC, and Bond ball work index tests have been conducted to investigate the comminution circuit of a magnetite ore located in Eastern Hebei, China. In addition, simulations based on JKSimMet and Morrell models have been performed...
As a continuation of a previous research work carried out to estimate the Bond work index (wi) by using a simulator based on the cumulative kinetic model (CKM), a deeper analysis was carried out to determine the link between the kinetic and energy pa...
We consider the subject of approximating tail probabilities in the general compound renewal process framework, where severity data are assumed to follow a heavy-tailed law (in that only the first moment is assumed to exist). By using the weak converg...
This article refers to the aspects of energy consumption and comminution effectiveness in the mineral processing sector through the evaluation of limestone crushing in a high-pressure grinding roll. The investigative program included a series of crus...
Over the years, alternative procedures to the Bond grindability test have been proposed aiming to avoid the need for the standard mill or to reduce and simplify the grinding procedure. Some of them use the standard mill, while others are based on a n...
Oxidised pellets have become an indispensable high-quality charge for blast furnaces. Nevertheless, high-quality pellet feeds are becoming scarcer and scarcer. To broaden the range of sources of pellet feeds and reduce the production cost of pellets,...
To date, the grinding behavior of saprolite and lateritic overburden mixtures remains poorly understood. The Bond Work Index (BWI) is the principal indicator used to determine the specific energy consumption during the grinding process. To establish...
Geometallurgical programmes are crucial for designing mineral processing plants that maximise comminution throughput. However, the variability of complex ore bodies, such as platinum group element (PGE) deposits, poses challenges in developing these...
The feed industry is characterized by high energy consumption during the grinding stage, where hammer mills can account for up to 50% of total electricity usage; furthermore, efficiency analyses are based only on the classical equations reported in t...
The shape of grinding media is considered an important parameter affecting the overall milling efficiency of a tumbling mill, particularly in terms of energy demand and particle comminution. In this regard, media of various shapes have attracted incr...
The reliable bond of steel fibers to concrete matrix is fundamental to ensure they work together under internal and external actions throughout their service life. Due to the lack of research on the long-term bond property, this paper conducted an ex...
There is no doubt about the practical interest of Fred Bond’s methodology in the field of comminution, not only in tumbling mills design and operation but also in mineral raw materials grindability characterization. Increasing energy efficiency in co...
An evaluation of Relo grinding media (RGM, Reuleaux tetrahedron-shaped bodies) performance versus standard grinding media (balls) was made through a series of grinding tests, including a slight modification of the standard Bond test procedure. Standa...
Over the last decades, several reliable mathematical models have been developed for simulating ore comminution processes and determining the Work Index. Since Fred Chester Bond developed the Work Index standard procedure in 1961, numerous attempts ha...
Considering the random orientation and distribution of steel fibers in concrete, the synergistic reinforcement of steel fibers on concrete is much complex than the bond of single fiber. It is meaningful to study the bond behavior of steel fiber durin...
In this work, we obtained new results relating the generalized atom-bond connectivity index with the general Randić index. Some of these inequalities for
This study aims to evaluate the grindability and energy requirements for the liberation of quartz from blast furnace ironmaking slag. Furthermore, the study investigates the efficiency of gravity concentration method by using a shaking table and Falc...
Formaldehyde is a toxic gas commonly found in industrial emissions, and ZnO is widely used for its detection due to its excellent gas-sensing properties. Most studies focus on non-polar or low-index ZnO surfaces, whereas investigations on high-index...
A preliminary beneficiation study of low-grade skarn phosphate rocks from Mactung tungsten deposit, along the Yukon and Northwest Territories border in Canada, was carried out through standard Bond Work Index, grinding test and laboratory batch flota...
In the mining industry, particle size reduction is the most energy-demanding activity. Blasting represents the first stage of comminution. Experimental and field observations have demonstrated that blasting produces two main effects on rock: (i) macr...
The manufacture of components that have specific material properties in subcomponent regions is highly desired in many sectors. However, it is challenging to achieve via conventional ingot-wrought and joining processing routes. Recently, diffusion bo...
Hybrid inorganic perovskites (HIPs) have been developed in recent years as new high-efficiency semiconductors with a wide range of uses in various optoelectronic applications such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this work, we used...
A guided-mode resonance (GMR) sensor with multiple resonant modes is used to measure the collection of biomolecules on the sensor surface and the index of refraction of the sensor environment (bulk). The number of sensor variables that can be monitor...
Hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskites (HOIPs) have recently represented a material breakthrough for optoelectronic applications. Obviously, studying the interactions between the central organic cation and the Pb-X inorganic octahedral could pro...
This study evaluated the effects of three polysaccharides, xanthan gum (XG), kappa-carrageenan (CA), and guar gum (GG), on the foaming and emulsifying properties of egg white liquid (EWL) and explored the intermolecular interactions and aggregation s...
Inspired by the distinguished regulated photochemical and photophysical properties of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole derivatives, in this work, the novel bis(2′-benzothiazolyl)hydroquinone (BBTHQ) fluorophore is explored, looking at its ph...
Nowadays, the application of protective multicomponent coatings based on hard metal nitrides is increasingly used to increase the resistance of structures and tools to wear, corrosion, and oxidation. In the present work, the multicomponent system Ti-...
The bonding strength of a Gr/Mg2Si interface was calculated by first principles. Graphene can form a stable, completely coherent interface with Mg2Si. When the (0001) Gr/(001) Mg2Si crystal plane is combined, the mismatch degree is 5.394%, which conf...
Calcium sulfate whiskers (CSWs) are fibrous crystals with uniform cross-section, well-defined morphology, and dense structure. Due to their low toxicity and low cost, CSWs have wide applications as additives in composite materials. In this work, CSWs...
This review places deep eutectic solvent (DES) degumming of the five bast fibre crops—ramie, hemp, kenaf, flax and Apocynum venetum—on a common basis, covering systems, conditions, outcomes, mechanisms and reuse records. It draws on eight...
The impact of the chalcogen atomic electronegativity (O, S, and Se atoms) of new organic molecules on excited-state dynamical reactions is self-evident. Inspired by this kind of distinguished photochemical characteristic, in this work, we performed a...
Systematic scrutiny is carried out of the ability of multicentre bond indices and the NOEL-based similarity index dAB to serve as excited-state aromaticity criteria. These indices were calculated using state-optimized complete active-space self-consi...
Nano chitin is a promising biocompatible material with wide applications. In this work, a fungal-derived nano chitin was prepared from Hericium erinaceus residue via mineral/protein purification and subsequent TEMPO-mediated oxidation. The structure,...
Entropy is essential. Entropy is a measure of a system’s molecular disorder or unpredictability, since work is produced by organized molecular motion. Entropy theory offers a profound understanding of the direction of spontaneous change for man...
Surface chemical modification of carbon nanotubes can enhance the compatibility with polymers and improve flame retardancy performances. In this work, the double bond active sites were constructed on the surface of carbon nanotubes modified by the &g...
Ternary and quaternary compounds offer vast potential for tailoring material properties through compositional adjustments and complex interactions among their constituent elements. However, many of their compositional possibilities still need to be i...
In lead concentrate cleaning, achieving efficient separation of galena from realgar—both significant naturally floatable minerals-relies critically on selective galena depression. This study introduces dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) as a novel...
Inspired by biological channels, the electric signal-based artificial nanochannel system exhibits high sensitivity in various analyses. However, ion current may be affected by many other factors, leading to false-positive signals. For reliable detect...
Comminution is the most power-demanding stage, and the lack of geometallurgical testing, often for financial reasons, may result in an inefficient operation. The Geopyörä rock breakage test was developed with the objective of making mineral...
A novel choline-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) with low halogen content—namely choline lactate-lactic acid (CLL)—was synthesized by replacing the chloride anion with lactate anion in choline chloride-lactic acid (CCL). CLL and CCL trea...
Drugs with poor biopharmaceutical performance are the main obstacle to the development and design of medicinal preparations. The anisotropic surface chemistry of different surfaces on the crystal influences its physical and chemical properties, such...
The geometric, electronic, spectroscopic, adsorption, and reactive properties of C12-(CO)n (n = 2, 4, 6) were systematically investigated using density functional theory at the ωB97XD/def2-TZVP level. All three molecules adopt planar structures...
The possibility of carbon tetravalence in geometries other than tetrahedral and of carbon hypervalence has been taken seriously since the 1970s. Computational modeling and subsequent experimental validation have established the existence of molecules...
A Gas–solid two-phase flow coupling simulation is widely used to study the working process of pneumatic seed dischargers. Due to the demand for deterministic particle orbit numerical calculation models, seeds are mostly modeled using the partic...
In low-income populations, neglected diseases are the principal cause of mortality. Of these, leishmaniasis and malaria, being parasitic, protozoan infections, affect millions of people worldwide and are creating a public health problem. The present...
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