The serological surveillance of bluetongue in bulk tank milk is an efficient and cost-effective method for the early detection of bluetongue virus incursions in unvaccinated free areas of the disease. In addition, the availability of standardized and...
Accurate measurement of angular positions on the sky requires a well-defined system of reference that is realized with accessible objects. The purpose of this study is to review the international standard realization of such a system, the Internation...
The implementation of a standard should be preceded by research work aimed at developing the test method, particularly in validation experiments. Is it actually so? Numerous experiences of producers and labs and an increasing number of scientific wor...
Background: The accuracy of fracture diagnosis through radiographic imaging largely depends on image quality and the interpreter’s experience. In resource-limited settings (minimal-resource settings), imaging quality is often lower than in stan...
Matrix certified reference materials (mCRMs) are materials characterized by suitable homogeneity, stability, and traceability, with certified values, including uncertainties, and a specific matrix. mCRMs constitute a reference for instrumental analyt...
Reasonable fatigue load should be determined before bridge fatigue analysis. However, the design frequency calculation method of the standard vehicle does not always make sense when the standard vehicle load model that is provided by existing standar...
The continuous increase in the demand for electricity makes it necessary to modernize or build new transmission lines. This, in turn, results in research that is still being carried out on the optimal use of power cables. In the paper, an improved an...
Background: Currently, assessing the diagnostic performance of new laboratory tests assumes a perfect reference standard, which is rarely the case. Wrong classifications of the true disease status will inevitably lead to biased estimates of sensitivi...
The quite popular, simple but imperfect method of referencing NMR spectra to residual 1H and 13C signals of TMS-free deuterated organic solvents (referred to as Method A) is critically discussed for six commonly used NMR solvents with respect to thei...
The purpose of this study was to establish a collagen determination method based on an isotope-labeled collagen peptide as an internal reference via high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS), and using t...
This research aims to design and fabricate a system to measure the capsaicinoid content of red pepper powder in a non-destructive and rapid method using visible and near infrared spectroscopy (VNIR). The developed system scans a well-leveled powder s...
This study selects Hongcun in China and Cinque Terre in Italy as typical cases and employs a mixed-methods approach that combines semistructured interviews, field observations, and systematic document analysis. Guided by the three-dimensional theoret...
Background: Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is widely used as a reference material for protein quantification, assessment of mass spectrometry (MS) system performance, enzymatic digestion control, and numerous biochemical applications. Despite its presume...
Concrete structure joints are filled in mainly in the course of sealing works ensuring protection against the influence of water. This paper presents the methodology of testing the mechanical properties of ESD pseudoplastic resins (E-elastic deformat...
Accurate and appropriate extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) diagnosis remains challenging due to its paucibacillary nature, requirement of invasive collection procedures, and lack of sensitive tests. This study investigated the diagnostic performance...
Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most prevalent chronic bacterial infection globally, acquired mostly during childhood. It is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Due to challenges in culturing H. pylori,...
Neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are indicators of vaccine efficacy that enable immunity surveillance. However, the rapid mutation of SARS-CoV-2 variants prevents the timely establis...
The rotational speed standard device that can carry loads is the key device for calibrating passive rotational speed sensors. The rotor of the passive rotational speed sensor is connected to the rotor of the standard speed device through a coupling,...
During the process of reverse parking, it is difficult to achieve the ideal reference trajectory while avoiding collision. In this study, with the aim of establishing reference trajectory optimization for automatic reverse parking that smooths and sh...
The reference method for cefiderocol antimicrobial susceptibility testing is broth microdilution (BMD) with iron-depleted-Mueller-Hinton (ID-MH) medium, whereas breakpoints recommended for disk diffusion (DD) are based on MH-agar plates. We aimed to...
In recent years, the standard numerical methods for partial differential equations have been extended with variants that address the issue of domain discretisation in complicated domains. Sometimes similar requirements are induced by local parameter-...
This research combines the improved reference point selection strategy and the sparrow search algorithm with an enhanced competition mechanism to create a high-dimensional multi-objective sparrow search algorithm with an incorporated improved referen...
Hop prenylated flavonoids have been investigated for their in vivo activities due to their broad spectrum of positive health effects. Previous studies on the metabolism of xanthohumol using untargeted methods have found that it is first degraded into...
Background/Objectives: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 20776-2:2021, which replaces ISO 20776-2:2007, focuses solely on the performance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) assays, emphasizing the ISO 20776-1 broth m...
The fullerene-82 cavity is selected as a model system in order to test several methods for characterizing inclusion molecules. The methods are based on different technical foundations such as a square and triangular tessellation of the molecular surf...
This study evaluates the reliability of calibration constants for heat flux meters (HFMs) using a secondary standard under controlled thermal conditions provided by an ISO 5660-1 cone heater. Six HFMs (three new and three previously used) were examin...
As the brain standard template for medical image registration has only been constructed with an MRI template, there is no three-dimensional fMRI standard template for use, and when the subject’s brain structure is quite different from the stand...
Background/Objectives: Quantitative bone single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) enables standardized uptake value (SUV)-based assessment of skeletal tracer uptake; however, SUV does not directly indicate the degree...
Cooking fumes are an important source of indoor and outdoor air pollution. Containing potentially carcinogenic particles and toxic chemical components, they pose significant health threats, making precise detection essential for risk prevention and t...
The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of the effectiveness of bonding steel elements with paint coating. The adhesive joints were made using two types of the adhesives: two-component epoxy resin adhesive based on Bisphenol A and polyurethane....
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) incidence in Greenland is lower than in other Nordic countries, yet mortality is disproportionately high, suggesting delayed detection. Cystoscopy is the diagnostic gold standard to detect BC, but access in Greenland i...
With the intense deployment of wireless systems and the widespread use of intelligent equipment, the requirement for indoor positioning services is increasing, and Wi-Fi fingerprinting has emerged as the most often used approach to identifying indoor...
In this paper a non-parametric model based on Wasserstein CNN is proposed for color correction. It is suitable for large-scale remote sensing image preprocessing from multiple sources under various viewing conditions, including illumination variances...
Precision medicine approaches rely on accurate somatic variant detection, where the DNA input into genomic workflows is a key variable. However, there are no gold standard methods for total DNA quantification. In this study, a pentaplex reference gen...
No reference image quality assessment (NR IQA) aims to develop quantitative measures to automatically and accurately estimate perceptual image quality without any prior information about the reference image. In this paper, we introduce two low-level...
(1) Background: Segmented Cartesian Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) often fails to deliver robust assessment of cardiac function in patients with arrhythmia. We aimed to assess the performance of a tiny golden-angle spiral real-time CMR seque...
The widely used low-cost particulate matter (PM) sensors in Thailand, such as the DustBoy, require performance improvements to ensure their data align with the established standards set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). This study e...
Background and Objectives: Given that hormone levels vary with age, the application of age-specific reference intervals in older populations is clinically essential. In this study, we aimed to establish age- and sex-specific reference intervals (RIs)...
This paper proposes a new driving method for switched reluctance motors (SRMs) using the standard full-bridge inverter. In spite of changing the internal structure of an SRM, the proposed method uses an extra ring structure circuit to make it possibl...
Background/Objectives: In current Chinese clinical practice, the reference interval established for serum potassium is routinely applied to both routine biochemical testing conducted with serum separator tubes and emergency biochemical testing using...
The formulation of the current geometric design standard for freeways considers the influence of the “human-vehicles-road-environment” system. In the fully autonomous environment, the driver has been liberated from the system, which means...
Background: Malaria is currently ranked as an important public health issue in Greece despite its initial eradication back in 1974. Given that the clinical picture is often nonspecific, the need for the implementation of targeted laboratory methodolo...
A simple, rapid, accurate, and selective quantitative method based on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) was successfully established and developed for assessing the purity of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (KG). In this study, using potassium hydroge...
A typical assumption when performing analytical, numerical, and experimental studies in wave–structure interaction in multi-body problems such as for wave farms and very large floating structures is the homogeneity of the wave field. Important intera...
Food and diet life cycle assessment (LCA) studies offer insights on the environmental performance and improvement potential of food systems and dietary patterns. However, the influence of ingredient resolution in food-LCAs is often overlooked. To add...
This study focused on the measurement of anthropogenic radionuclides such as americium (Am) and plutonium (Pu) in environmental samples. Plutonium isotopes, particularly
Background: Element-tagged immunoassay coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection has the potential to revolutionize immunoassay analysis for multiplex detection. However, a further study referring to the standard ev...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Assessing the number of these bacteria is important for in vitro and in vivo infection studies. Colony count is used to set re...
Many pathological conditions and certain airway exposures are associated with oxidative stress (OS). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end-product of the oxidation of lipids in our cells and is present in all biological matrices including exhaled breath co...
This paper introduces an innovative differential sampling technique for calibrating AC waveforms, leveraging a commercially available 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) as the reference standard. The novelty of this approach lies in its enhance...
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