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Applied Sciences, Volume 16, Issue 1

2026 January-1 - 561 articles

Cover Story: This study investigates a large language model driven (LLM) framework for intelligent preprocessing and short-term electricity price forecasting in the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM). By integrating unstructured news features, weather signals, and cyclical calendar variables, the model captures both physical and informational drivers of price volatility. A hybrid approach combining quantile regression with conformal calibration achieves statistically significant improvements in accuracy and uncertainty calibration. The framework demonstrates the potential of integrating LLMs into operational forecasting pipelines to support electricity market decision-making and risk management. View this paper
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Articles (561)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,325 Views
31 Pages

Sentiment Analysis of X Users Regarding Bandung Regency Using Support Vector Machine

  • Irlandia Ginanjar,
  • Abdan Mulkan Shabir,
  • Anindya Apriliyanti Pravitasari,
  • Sinta Septi Pangastuti and ,
  • Gumgum Darmawan and
  • Sukono
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Social media has the potential to serve beneficial purposes. The abundance of uploaded content and responses from the public generates various opinions, allowing them to be identified as positive or negative regarding the portrayal of Bandung Regency...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,478 Views
18 Pages

5 January 2026

Hyperspectral images present significant challenges for conventional dimensionality reduction methods due to their high dimensionality, spectral redundancy, and complex spatial–spatial dependencies. While kernel-based sparse representation meth...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
967 Views
12 Pages

5 January 2026

The mammary gland is a valuable model in cancer research and developmental biology. Gene delivery techniques are crucial for mammary tissue research to understand how genes function and study on diseases such as cancer. Viral vector-based approaches...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,917 Views
22 Pages

5 January 2026

Traffic flow prediction is a fundamental component of intelligent transportation systems and plays a critical role in traffic management and autonomous driving. However, accurately modeling highway traffic remains challenging due to dynamic congestio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Intelligent Transportation Systems and Traffic Analysis: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
783 Views
18 Pages

5 January 2026

This paper introduces the composition of the combined heat and power (CHP) generation system with low-temperature return water. Focusing on the Gujiao–Taiyuan heating system, it systematically analyzes the effects of key operational parameters,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,161 Views
25 Pages

5 January 2026

Dynamic stress data are essential for evaluating structural fatigue life. To address the challenges of complex test data formats, low data reading efficiency, and insufficient visualization, this study systematically analyzes the .raw and .sie file f...

(This article belongs to the Section Mechanical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,430 Views
13 Pages

Automating the Evaluation of Artificial Respiration: A Computer Vision Approach

  • Chaofang Wang,
  • Yali Tong,
  • Shuai Ma,
  • Wenlong Dong and
  • Bin Fan

5 January 2026

Traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training faces limitations such as instructor dependency, low efficiency, and subjective assessment. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel computer vision-based method for the automation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,481 Views
20 Pages

5 January 2026

Existing 3D reconstruction algorithms commonly struggle with modeling specific local objects within large-scale scenes, often resulting in a lack of local detail and incomplete geometric structures. While current mainstream point cloud completion met...

(This article belongs to the Topic 3D Computer Vision and Smart Building and City, 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,119 Views
16 Pages

5 January 2026

This study presents the design optimization and semi-active resonance control of a small-scale vortex-induced vibration (VIV) bladeless wind turbine (BWT) equipped with a power efficient binary resonance controller. The proposed system integrates a s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
1,467 Views
16 Pages

5 January 2026

This study presents the development and high-fidelity finite element modelling of an innovative hybrid railway carbody structure, designed to achieve a substantial reduction in mass while maintaining the required mechanical performance under service...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulations and Experiments in the Design of Transport Vehicles: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,036 Views
18 Pages

5 January 2026

The Cerchar Abrasivity Index (CAI) is essential for predicting tool wear in mechanized tunneling and mining, but direct measurement requires time-consuming laboratory procedures. We developed a data-driven framework to estimate CAI from standard geom...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,246 Views
16 Pages

5 January 2026

Building height is an important indicator for describing the three-dimensional structure of cities. However, monitoring its changes is still difficult due to high labor costs, low efficiency, and the limited resolution and viewing angles of remote se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
867 Views
14 Pages

Comparative Biofilm Profiling of Healthy and Cavitated Root Surfaces Across Age Groups Using 16S rRNA Sequencing

  • Darianna Mashi,
  • Lamia Sami Mokeem,
  • Qoot Alkhubaizi,
  • Guilherme Arossi and
  • Mary Anne S. Melo

5 January 2026

This preliminary clinical study investigated the microbial composition of dental biofilms on healthy root surfaces and cavitated root caries lesions in two age cohorts: adults under 65 years and those aged 65 and older. The goal was to assess how agi...

(This article belongs to the Section Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,331 Views
28 Pages

5 January 2026

Tropical buildings face the coupled effects of four-high environmental factors, which accelerate thermal–humidity degradation, increase operational energy demands, and diminish building health attributes. This paper systematically integrates gl...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,867 Views
23 Pages

5 January 2026

To overcome the limitation of the Paris law in capturing stress-ratio (R) effects, a modification of the Goodman model is introduced to account for the nonlinear variation of the fatigue limit with mean stress in this study. Based on the modified for...

(This article belongs to the Section Mechanical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
726 Views
23 Pages

Shape-Constrained ResU-Net for Old Landslides Detection in the Loess Plateau

  • Lulu Peng,
  • Mingtao Ding,
  • Qiang Xue,
  • Ying Dong and ,
  • Yunlong Li,
  • Pengxiang Zhou and
  • Zhenhong Li
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

The Loess Plateau is highly susceptible to landslides due to its fragile geological structure and frequent human activities, particularly old landslides with historical structural damage. The features of these landslides in remote sensing images beco...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
898 Views
21 Pages

Influence of Structural Parameters on Thermal Stress and Performance of High-Temperature SiGe Thermoelectric Modules

  • Zhenghao Liu,
  • Heng Yan,
  • Jing Li,
  • Xiaoxi Chen and ,
  • Hang Jing,
  • Yingzeng Zhang,
  • Qingpei Xiang and
  • Mingyang Ma
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Mechanical and thermoelectric performance of a SiGe thermoelectric module were investigated through finite element analysis. N-type and P-type SiGe thermoelectric materials were synthesized, and their mechanical and thermoelectric properties were exp...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Science and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,892 Views
16 Pages

5 January 2026

Telecom network fraud continues to evolve, and its textual expressions have become increasingly concealed, making automated detection more challenging. When combined with mainstream prompting strategies, large language models (LLMs) often exhibit uns...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,606 Views
35 Pages

5 January 2026

Cross-domain building segmentation in high-resolution remote sensing imagery underpins urban change monitoring, disaster assessment, and exposure mapping. However, differences in sensors, regions, and imaging conditions create structural and radiomet...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Applications in Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,017 Views
15 Pages

5 January 2026

Timely adjustment of belt conveyor speed according to the conveyed load is a key approach to achieving energy-efficient operation. Line laser-assisted vision has been widely adopted for load measurement, in which image processing techniques are emplo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Measurement Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,206 Views
20 Pages

An Improved Damage–Plasticity Constitutive Model Capturing Rock Softening Behavior Under Various Confining Pressures

  • Wei Huang,
  • Juntao Ren,
  • Peiyong Wang,
  • Bingxiang Yuan and ,
  • Junxuan Long,
  • Haiqing Zhou,
  • Rui Chen and
  • Hao Li
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

With the gradual depletion of shallow high-grade mineral resources, global mining activities are shifting toward deeper regions with more complex geological conditions. Rocks exhibit significantly different mechanical responses under high confining p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights into Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,592 Views
25 Pages

5 January 2026

In medical diagnostics and decision-making, particularly in dentistry where structural interpretation of radiographs plays a crucial role, accurate image segmentation is a fundamental step. One established approach to segmentation is the use of clust...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,743 Views
11 Pages

Digital Surgical Guides in Bone Regeneration: Literature Review and Clinical Case Report

  • Óscar Iglesias-Velázquez,
  • Baoluo Xing Gao,
  • Francisco G. F. Tresguerres,
  • Luis Miguel Sáez Alcaide and ,
  • Isabel Leco Berrocal and
  • Jesús Torres García-Denche
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 January 2026

The present study describes a digitally guided workflow for the Split Bone Block Technique (SBBT) using standardized cortical and particulate allogeneic grafts in combination with custom-designed, 3D-printed surgical guides. The aim was to illustrate...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements and Updates in Digital Dentistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,672 Views
17 Pages

Studies of Akt/mTOR–Autophagy–Apoptosis Crosstalk in Human Gingival Fibroblasts Around New Digital Processed Dental Composites

  • Florentina Rus,
  • Radu Radulescu,
  • Alexandra Popa,
  • Monica Musteanu and ,
  • Melis Izet,
  • Corina Muscurel,
  • Lucian Toma Ciocan,
  • Sebastian-Andrei Bancu,
  • Marina Imre and
  • Alexandra Ripszky
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Introduction: Incomplete polymerization of in vivo composite resins (CR) poses a significant problem, with monomer-to-polymer conversion rates ranging from around 60 to 75%. Furthermore, oxygen exposure hampers polymerization in the surface layers. T...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials: Characterization and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,959 Views
20 Pages

A Comparative Evaluation of Greek Fig Cultivars Utilizing Instrumental Analytical Methodologies, In Silico Studies and Machine Learning Prediction

  • Paris Christodoulou,
  • Ioanna Stefanaki,
  • Konstantinos Aouant,
  • Georgia Ladika and ,
  • Marina Tsiokou,
  • Dionisis Cavouras,
  • Eftichia Kritsi and
  • Vassilia J. Sinanoglou
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

The present study provides a comprehensive comparative evaluation of three Greek fig cultivars through integrated instrumental, computational, and chemometric approaches. Fresh fig peel and flesh samples were analyzed to determine total soluble solid...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Natural Phenolic Compounds Derived from Plant Extracts)
  • Article
  • Open Access
824 Views
26 Pages

5 January 2026

Structural health monitoring (SHM) increasingly contributes to the safety and durability of key infrastructure, especially bridges. This research introduces a rotation-based approach for damage detection and quantification using a damage candidate gr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Structural Health Monitoring in Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,251 Views
19 Pages

5 January 2026

Cathinone and its synthetic derivatives are among the most popular classes of narcotics worldwide. Experimental studies have demonstrated variable cytotoxic activity among these substances. Until now, the research on cathinones has been limited to th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,356 Views
20 Pages

Investigation of Axial–Torsional Vibration Characteristics and Vibration Mitigation Mechanism in Compound Percussive Drilling

  • Wei Wang,
  • Boyu Guo,
  • Gonghui Liu,
  • Chunqing Zha and ,
  • Tian Chen and
  • Jun Li
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Severe drill string vibrations, particularly stick–slip, significantly compromise drilling efficiency and tool longevity in deep hard formations. Compound percussive drilling (CPD) has emerged as a promising technique to mitigate these vibratio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Intelligent Software in Geotechnical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,323 Views
20 Pages

The Influence of One-Time Physical Activity at a Temperature of −10 °C on Erythrocyte Deformability in Young Men

  • Aneta Teległów,
  • Konrad Rembiasz,
  • Janusz Pobędza,
  • Iga Wilczyńska and ,
  • Zygmunt Dziechciowski,
  • Andrzej Czerwiński,
  • Jakub Leśniowski,
  • Jakub Marchewka and
  • Piotr Mika
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

The study aimed to determine the effect of acute, one-time physical effort performed under different environmental temperature conditions on erythrocyte deformability in healthy young men. This exploratory randomized parallel-group study involved 30...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise Physiology and Rheology—New Experience)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,934 Views
13 Pages

5 January 2026

With the rapid advancement of generative AI (AIGC) technology, synthetic images are increasingly approaching real pictures in terms of resolution and semantic consistency. Traditional detection methods face numerous challenges, such as insufficient c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
801 Views
18 Pages

5 January 2026

The use of waste rubbers and polyurethane has a significant impact on the abrasion resistance of the porous elastic road surface (PERS) mixture. The purpose of this work is to study the anti-abrasion performance of the PERS mixture under different co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials and Technologies in Pavement Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
756 Views
25 Pages

5 January 2026

Efficient soil conditioning is critical for controlling the mechanical behavior of sandy muck in earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling. This study investigates the undrained shear response of sand conditioned with slurry, a newly developed bu...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,523 Views
29 Pages

Data Mining for Early Fault Detection in Artificial Satellites: A Review

  • Victor Manuel Macias Martinez,
  • Ingrid Xiomara Bejarano Cifuentes,
  • Santiago Muñoz Giraldo,
  • Mario Andrés Córdoba Gonzalez and ,
  • Andrés Felipe Solis Pino and
  • Cesar Alberto Collazos Ordónez
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Early detection of faults in artificial satellites is crucial for the success of missions, but it is hindered by the scarcity of data on faults and the limitations of traditional monitoring methods. As an alternative, technological trends such as dat...

(This article belongs to the Section Aerospace Science and Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
851 Views
16 Pages

5 January 2026

This paper proposes a reliable control strategy for dual induction motor drives using a five-leg inverter (FLI). Since the FLI has the structural characteristic where both motors share a common leg, the current of the common leg can flow at twice the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Diagnosis, Analysis, and Control of Stability in Power Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
847 Views
17 Pages

5 January 2026

Wounded with second-generation (2G) high temperature superconductors (HTS) tapes, the conductor on round core (CORC) coil exhibits notable benefits such as low AC loss, powerful current-carrying capability, and great mechanical properties, which make...

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Science and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,130 Views
28 Pages

5 January 2026

In the field of port security, traditional human–vehicle interaction conflict (HVIC) alarm algorithms predominantly rely on the bounding box overlap ratio. This criterion often fails in complex industrial environments, leading to excessive fals...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,925 Views
26 Pages

Molecular Mechanisms of Chemoresistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review with Present and Future Perspectives

  • Everton Freitas de Morais,
  • Lilianny Querino Rocha de Oliveira,
  • Cintia Eliza Marques,
  • Hannah Gil de Farias Morais and ,
  • Déborah Gondim Lambert Moreira,
  • Lucas de Araújo Albuquerque,
  • José Roberto Viana Silva,
  • Roseana de Almeida Freitas and
  • Ricardo D. Coletta
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

5 January 2026

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a highly prevalent and aggressive malignancy with limited improvements in survival rates. One of the major obstacles to successful treatment is the development of chemoresistance, which contributes to recur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,140 Views
17 Pages

4 January 2026

Objective: Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is widely used to treat degenerative spinal disorders; however, both fixation strategies and interbody Cage designs still present biomechanical limitations. This study aimed to develop a posterior lumbar inter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
884 Views
21 Pages

MAK-BRNet: Multi-Scale Adaptive Kernel and Boundary Refinement Network for Remote Sensing Object Detection

  • Ge Niu,
  • Xiaolong Yang,
  • Xinhui Wang,
  • Yong Liu and ,
  • Lu Cao,
  • Erwei Yin and
  • Pengyu Guo
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

4 January 2026

Oriented object detection in remote sensing images rapidly evolves as a pivotal technique, driving transformative advancements across geospatial analytics, intelligent transportation systems, and urban infrastructure planning. However, the inherent c...

(This article belongs to the Collection Space Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,257 Views
28 Pages

Finite Element Analysis of Tire–Pavement Interaction Effects on Noise Reduction in Porous Asphalt Pavements

  • Miao Yu,
  • Geyun Lv,
  • Anqi Li,
  • Jing Yang and ,
  • Zhexi Zhang,
  • Dongzhao Jin,
  • Rong Zhang and
  • Jiqing Li
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

4 January 2026

This study investigated the noise reduction performance of porous asphalt concrete (PAC) pavement under tire–pavement coupling conditions, addressing the limitations of field measurements and laboratory testing. First, tire excitation amplitude...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,070 Views
16 Pages

4 January 2026

To limit reflective cracking in asphalt pavements with cold-recycled base courses, cold recycling mixtures (CRMs) are designed to provide predominantly bituminous bonding, making their viscoelastic behaviour of paramount importance. This study presen...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
828 Views
27 Pages

4 January 2026

Developing vehicle classification remains a fundamental challenge for intelligent traffic management in the Indian urban environment, where traffic exhibits high heterogeneity, density and unpredictability. In the Indian subcontinent, vehicle movemen...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,375 Views
29 Pages

4 January 2026

Contemporary business process modeling lacks a systematic framework for converting unstructured requirements into structured models. Traditional manual approaches fail to support integrated lifecycle management from requirements elicitation to iterat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
904 Views
27 Pages

Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction

  • Haiping Wu,
  • Jiqing Wang,
  • Changming Wan,
  • Zhijian Wu and ,
  • Ziquan Hu,
  • Yimin Wu,
  • Renjie Song and
  • Lin Wang
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

4 January 2026

Drill-and-blast tunnel construction continuously releases high-intensity dust during drilling, blasting, and shotcreting, while conventional forced ventilation is often insufficient to control dust migration and worker exposure. This study develops t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Safety and Occupational Health Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,304 Views
17 Pages

4 January 2026

With the increasing complexity of software systems, the number of security vulnerabilities contained within software has risen accordingly. The existing shift-left security concept aims to detect and fix vulnerabilities during the software developmen...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Data and Information Security, Fourth Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,232 Views
15 Pages

4 January 2026

While an advanced emergency braking system (AEBS) significantly improves the safety of a heavy goods vehicle (HGV), current implementations face limitations including inadequate scenario coverage for vulnerable road users (VRUs), overriding driver co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
660 Views
15 Pages

4 January 2026

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are acknowledged as an effective and sustainable ecological technology for the treatment of wastewater, especially in the removal of nitrate and phosphate. This study investigated the application of natural siderite as a su...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,457 Views
23 Pages

4 January 2026

The dynamic behavior of a double-beam configuration subjected to a harmonic moving load was studied in this paper. The model was built to represent the wheel–track system that was composed of two infinite Timoshenko beams joined by uniformly sp...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,533 Views
12 Pages

Modulation of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms by a Volatile Phytocomplex from Tetraclinis articulata in an Aβ1–42 Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

  • Paula Alexandra Postu,
  • Marius Mihasan,
  • Dragos Lucian Gorgan,
  • Alexandru Bogdan Stache and ,
  • Fatima Zahra Sadiki,
  • Mostafa El Idrissi and
  • Lucian Hritcu
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

4 January 2026

Tetraclinis articulata volatile phytocomplexes contain numerous bioactive terpenoids with neuroprotective potential; however, their efficacy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related neuropsychiatric symptoms remain insufficiently explored. This stud...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges into Pharmacology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
876 Views
21 Pages

Study on Performance Optimization and Feasibility of No.9 Turnout with 1520 mm Gauge in China

  • Zhiheng Li,
  • Shuguo Wang,
  • Pu Wang,
  • Yuan Gao and ,
  • Qiang Yi,
  • Cuihua Liu and
  • Hao Ren
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

4 January 2026

To address the issues of poor geometric dimension retention, short component lifespan, and heavy maintenance workload of the 1520 mm gauge 50 kg/m rail No.9 turnout, a new design was proposed for the 1520 mm gauge 60 kg/m rail No.9 turnout. Based on...

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Appl. Sci. - ISSN 2076-3417