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Ultraviolet radiation, particularly in the UVC sub-band 200–280 nm, is a non-thermal disinfection technology capable of inactivating a broad spectrum of microorganisms primarily through nucleic acid damage and protein oxidation. Its effectivene...

This study introduces a Blasting Safety Index (BSI), a composite analytical framework for quantifying the cumulative mechanical, environmental, and geotechnical effects of quarry blasting operations. The index integrates ground vibration expressed as...

Manual code review is essential for software quality, but often slows down development cycles due to the high time demands on developers. In this study, we propose an automated solution for Python (version 3.13) projects that generates code review co...

With the deployment of Hydrogen-enriched Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG) technology, establishing market mechanisms adapted to its physical characteristics is crucial for renewable energy accommodation. However, existing studies lack HCNG pricing mecha...

Mushroom-related intoxications pose a distinctive challenge for forensic medicine because early manifestations are non-specific, latency may be prolonged, and co-exposures can obscure the mechanism of death. This narrative review summarizes key toxic...

Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) based on low-dimensional materials are of interest for high-speed electronics due to their intrinsic nonlinear transport characteristics. In this work, aligned carbon nanotube Schottky barrier diodes (ACNT-SBDs) were sy...

This study investigates the influence of layer height, infill density, and the number of perimeters on the FDM 3D printing performance of PLA, a biodegradable and renewable biopolymer. The primary objective is to identify parameter settings that simu...

Textile waste management remains a critical environmental challenge. Valorization through thermochemical routes such as pyrolysis offers a sustainable pathway within the circular economy. In this study, carbonaceous materials were obtained from the p...

Plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) are receiving increasing attention as potential substitutes for conventional meat products. This study presents a descriptive evaluation of the functional, physicochemical, and consumer-related characteristics of...

HVDC technologies based on fully controlled devices offer numerous technical advantages, such as flexible active and reactive power control and black-start capability, making them highly promising for large-scale renewable energy integration and long...

Investigating the long-term performance of building materials, such as drying shrinkage, moisture expansion, creep, and others, usually requires long-lasting tests with a high number of specimens. Given the initial costs, required data acquisition sy...

With the rapid advancement in information technology, the digital twin and smart assembly process simulation have become an integral part of the design and manufacturing of high-precision products. However, conventional Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) cu...

The efficient use of resources represents a critical challenge for public healthcare systems facing increasing demand. In this study, an operational analysis was conducted at Hospital del Mar (Barcelona) to demonstrate that persistent bottlenecks and...

With the widespread application of aniline, its improper discharge in industrial production and accidental leaks during production and transportation have led to contamination of soil and groundwater environments. Persulfate advanced oxidation techno...

This study presents Robo-ICARE (Robotics-Inclusive Child-Centered Approach for Robotics in Education), a Child–Robot Interaction (cHRI) framework for designing inclusive educational robotics in under-resourced and multigrade classroom contexts....

This study presents a comprehensive numerical simulation of reservoir dam failure based on the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model MIKE 21. To reproduce the real accident process, a detailed digital elevation model derived from LiDAR survey data was c...

Since the dawn of civilization, humanity has looked to the sky, seeking to expand knowledge beyond Earth’s boundaries. The last eight decades have witnessed remarkable progress in space exploration, paving the way for increasingly longer space...

Urban environments face heightened seismic risks due to dense infrastructure and population concentration. Traditional seismic methods often face significant practical limitations in cities due to space constraints, traffic disruption, and acoustic n...

We report a Fe₃O₄@Pt@poly-LDOPA nanozyme that displays enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity. Polymerisation of levodopa onto the surface of Fe₃O₄@Pt yields a carboxyl-rich poly-LDOPA shell that is available for bioconjugation with antibodies and o...

To address the trade-off between parameter scale and generation quality in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), this study proposes a Multi-Feature Dynamic Instruction Tuning (MFDIT) image captioning model based on LLaMA. By integrating CLIP-based global f...

Mineral oils are increasingly being replaced by plant-based insulating liquids, known as natural esters, because of their biodegradability and high fire safety characteristic. However, their wider use in high-voltage and unsealed transformer applicat...

Considering consumer health, consistency in processes, and developing trust among the public, food manufacturing facilities are expected to adhere to strict regulatory policies. Along with these expectations, machinery capabilities, especially consid...

The bond–slip behavior between I-shaped steel and shotcrete crucially influences the cooperative deformation and overall bearing capacity of tunnel initial support. To clarify the bond–slip mechanism between the steel section and shotcret...

The rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 biomarkers remains a critical requirement for effective outbreak control and decentralized diagnostics. Although RT-PCR is the current gold standard, its reliance on centralized laboratories and long pro...

Foam lightweight soil (FLS) has emerged as a promising material in geotechnical engineering due to its low density, high load-bearing capacity, and ability to incorporate industrial by-products such as fly ash. It offers significant advantages in mit...

Forecasting post-seismic landslide displacement is challenged by the difficulty in distinguishing short-term acceleration from creep and the risk of spatiotemporal leakage. To address this, an interpretable deep-learning framework is developed, integ...

Volatile Organic Compound emissions from hydrocarbon storage tanks are a key source of industrial air pollution and odour nuisance. This study evaluates odour impact predictions using annual average emissions versus time-resolved emissions from fixed...

Lignin pyrolysis is a pivotal route for biomass valorization, yet the intricate radical reaction network involved results in ambiguous hydrogen/oxygen transfer pathways and product formation mechanisms, severely impeding precise control over directed...

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal therapy exploits concentrated acoustic energy to ablate pathological tissues with millimetric precision deep in the body. Accurate prediction of thermal effects is essential for tuning the treatment sh...

Traditional inspection and diagnosis methods for civil infrastructure operation and maintenance (CI O&M) rely heavily on human efforts. Such efforts are always affected by subjective judgment and human errors due to engineering knowledge and prio...

This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using OpenCap with a lab-based multi-camera motion capture (MOCAP) system and to evaluate the influence of camera configurations on the trunk and lower-limb kinematic accuracy for athletic movements. Six...

Reliable bearing fault diagnosis under complex operating conditions is often hindered by the loss of critical information during feature extraction, particularly for weak fault signatures embedded in vibration signals. To address this challenge, this...

The growing penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)—such as photovoltaic generation, battery energy storage, electric vehicles, hydrogen technologies and flexible loads—requires advanced Energy Management Systems (EMS) capable...

Connecting rod bushing loosening in diesel engines is a critical failure mode that causes accelerated wear and potential catastrophic damage. This study systematically examines the effects of key structural parameters—inner diameter, wall thick...

Urban underground space is increasingly being developed to alleviate surface land constraints and support low-carbon urban development. However, carbon emission reduction (CER) benefits remain inadequately quantified and are not comparable across und...

During the assembly process of the bolter miner cutting drum, the varying installation postures of the cutting picks result in unique and non-repetitive irregular gaps between the tooth seat bottom surface and the cylindrical rotating surface. Such g...

This study investigates seismic loads in single-story masonry buildings with walls of varying heights and thicknesses, and determines optimum wall dimensions for seismic resistance using the Taguchi method. For this purpose, 25 (5 × 5 = 25) dif...

Reliable, real-time river flow monitoring is essential for disaster prevention, but traditional in situ methods are costly and high-risk. Large-scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) offers a non-contact alternative, though its accuracy is often co...

Flavonoids and vitamin C are two of the most extensively studied dietary bioactive compounds, with growing evidence supporting their roles in the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombosis, and cancer progression. Flavonoids, a diverse...

Recently, the progress of foundation models such as CLIP and SAM has shown the great potential of zero-shot anomaly detection tasks. However, existing methods usually rely on general descriptions such as “abnormal”, and the semantic cover...

Background: In soccer, the repeated execution of unilateral actions may lead to uneven limb development, promoting the occurrence of asymmetries. However, there is no consensus on the impact of these asymmetries on sports performance or the influence...

To meet the mechanical property requirements of gray cast iron for the shells of coal mine explosion-proof equipment and investigate the effect of austenitizing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of gray cast iron, isothermal...

The monitoring and conservation of built heritage is a major challenge for the scientific community, given the continuous degradation caused by natural, anthropogenic and climatic factors. The generation of high-resolution 3D documentation is importa...

Industrial robots are a widely used technology in various industries, capable of performing multiple tasks, particularly machining operations. However, compared to CNC machines, industrial robots have certain drawbacks, such as lower rigidity, precis...

Air pollution from industrial point sources remains a major concern in urban environments, highlighting the need for accessible tools that support both education and preliminary environmental assessment. This study presents the development and interc...

LiDAR sensors are becoming more common and are going to be widely adopted in vehicles in the future by reducing the production cost of the time-of-flight units. Manufacturers are uncertain about the placement, cover material, and shape of the assembl...

This study investigates the interaction of commercially available alumina (Al₂O₃) particles with humic acid salt (HA–salt) and the subsequent impact of HA-coating on uranium adsorption. Alumina particles were coated by immersion in HA–sal...

Skeleton-based gait sex classification can reduce reliance on appearance cues, yet its robustness under everyday walking disturbances remains under-quantified. Using PsyMo 2D pose sequences (90° side view), we render Common Objects in Context (CO...

The creation of unified, open, secure, reliable, and agile data spaces is essential for collecting, storing, and sharing data in a standardized and accessible manner, promoting data reuse and addressing current interoperability limitations. In this c...

In the hydraulic hoist design for a water conservancy hub project in western China, the vertically positioned, high-speed, heavy-load hydraulic cylinder is required to achieve closing speeds of up to 16 m/min, which is 4–5 times faster than con...