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Applied Sciences
Volume 16
Issue 1
10.3390/app16010519
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction

by
Haiping Wu
1,
Jiqing Wang
2,
Changming Wan
2,
Zhijian Wu
2,
Ziquan Hu
2,
Yimin Wu
1,*,
Renjie Song
1 and
Lin Wang
1
1
School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
2
Jiangxi Communications Investment Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330009, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(1), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010519
Submission received: 11 December 2025 / Revised: 31 December 2025 / Accepted: 2 January 2026 / Published: 4 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Safety and Occupational Health Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Drill-and-blast tunnel construction continuously releases high-intensity dust during drilling, blasting, and shotcreting, while conventional forced ventilation is often insufficient to control dust migration and worker exposure. This study develops three-dimensional Euler–Lagrange gas–solid two-phase models for these three typical processes to clarify the spatiotemporal dispersion of polydisperse dust and to explore effective control strategies. The simulations show that all processes generate a persistent high-concentration dust belt near the tunnel face, and a low-velocity recirculation zone at the crown acts as a structural hotspot of dust accumulation that is difficult to purge by longitudinal ventilation. Particle size strongly affects dispersion behaviour: coarse particles rapidly settle near the source under gravity, whereas fine and medium-sized particles remain suspended for long periods and can be transported over long distances, particularly after blasting. Based on these findings, a rail-mounted purification system with a dynamically adjustable position along the tunnel is proposed, and its preferred deployment zones are determined to work synergistically with the main airflow. The system is designed to perform near-source and crown-targeted removal, providing an engineering-oriented “dynamic local purification plus overall ventilation dilution” pathway for improving air quality in drill-and-blast tunnel construction.
Keywords: drill-and-blast tunnel; dust dispersion; press-in longitudinal ventilation; Euler–Lagrange model; rail-mounted purification system drill-and-blast tunnel; dust dispersion; press-in longitudinal ventilation; Euler–Lagrange model; rail-mounted purification system

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, H.; Wang, J.; Wan, C.; Wu, Z.; Hu, Z.; Wu, Y.; Song, R.; Wang, L. Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010519

AMA Style

Wu H, Wang J, Wan C, Wu Z, Hu Z, Wu Y, Song R, Wang L. Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction. Applied Sciences. 2026; 16(1):519. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010519

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Haiping, Jiqing Wang, Changming Wan, Zhijian Wu, Ziquan Hu, Yimin Wu, Renjie Song, and Lin Wang. 2026. "Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction" Applied Sciences 16, no. 1: 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010519

APA Style

Wu, H., Wang, J., Wan, C., Wu, Z., Hu, Z., Wu, Y., Song, R., & Wang, L. (2026). Dust Dispersion Mechanisms and Rail-Mounted Local Purification in Drill-and-Blast Tunnel Construction. Applied Sciences, 16(1), 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010519

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