910 Results Found

Fuzzy Topological Topographic Mapping (FTTM) is a mathematical model that consists of a set of homeomorphic topological spaces designed to solve the neuro magnetic inverse problem. A sequence of FTTM, denoted as $FTT{M}_n$, is an extension of FTTM that is...

The medical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered much attention. However, evaluating the safety of CNTs remains difficult, and no consensus has been reached. Moreover, assessing the biosafety of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), which can...

Doubly periodic tangles, or DP tangles, are embeddings of curves in the thickened plane that are periodically repeated in two directions. They are defined as universal covers of their generating cells, the flat motifs, which represent knots and links...

In this paper, we define novel topological invariants of doubly periodic tangles (DP tangles). DP tangles are embeddings of curves in the thickened plane with translational symmetries in two independent directions. We first organize the components of...

IOTA Tangle offers a promising approach for distributed ledger technology with the capability to compete with the traditional blockchain. To enable microtransactions the Internet of things (IoT) environment, IOTA employs a direct acrylic graph that e...

Symmetric, elegantly entangled structures are a curious mathematical construction that has found their way into the heart of the chemistry lab and the toolbox of constructive geometry. Of particular interest are those structures—knots, links an...

This work addresses the question of explaining changes in the desired timescales of the stock market. Tangled string is a sequence visualization tool wherein a sequence is compared to a string and trends in the sequence are compared to the appearance...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of many wireless sensor nodes for collecting and sensing information. Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) such as Blockchain allow organizations to store and share data in a decentralized, immutable, and sec...

We present a quantum circuit that transforms an unknown three-qubit state into its canonical form, up to relative phases, given many copies of the original state. The circuit is made of three single-qubit parametrized quantum gates, and the optimal v...

Applications of entropy principles to evolution and ecology are of tantamount importance given the central role spatiotemporal structuring plays in both evolution and ecological succession. We obtain here a qualitative interpretation of the role of e...

Internet-of-Things (IoT) and sensor technologies have enabled the collection of data in a distributed fashion for analysis and evidence-based decision making. However, security concerns regarding the source, confidentiality and integrity of the data...

Exploration and remote sensing with mobile robots is a well known field of research, but current solutions cannot be directly applied for tethered robots. In some applications, tethers may be very important to provide power or allow communication wit...

Addressing the critical challenges of resource inefficiency and environmental impact in the agrifood sector, this study explores the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies with IOTA’s Tangle, a Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)....

IOTA is a new public chain system specifically designed for the Internet of Things (IoT), which provides strong support for the high concurrency, scalability, and zero handling fees of the IoT. The distributed ledger of IOTA, called the tangle, adopt...

The fairness problem in the IOTA (Internet of Things Application) Tangle network has significant implications for transaction efficiency, scalability, and security, particularly concerning orphan transactions and lazy tips. Traditional tip selection...

Recent evidence indicates that experimental brain ischemia leads to dementia with an Alzheimer’s disease-like type phenotype and genotype. Based on the above evidence, it was hypothesized that brain ischemia may contribute to the development of...

Sea tangle (Laminaria japonica Aresch), a brown alga, has been used for many years as a functional food ingredient in the Asia-Pacific region. In the present study, we investigated the effects of fermented sea tangle extract (FST) on receptor activat...

In this review, we describe the methods used for the extraction and mass spectrometry proteomics analysis of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), the two primary pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We also provide...

Astrocytes play a major role in the pathogenesis of a range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), undergoing dramatic morphological and molecular changes that can cause potentially both beneficial and detrimental ef...

Many food safety incidents have occurred in the world in the past 20 years, causing major threats and harm to human life and health. Each country or region has established different food safety management systems (FSMSs) in response, to increase food...

Current treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) focus on slowing memory and cognitive decline, but none offer curative outcomes. This study aims to explore and curate the common properties of active, drug-like molecules that modulate glycogen s...

The mechanized resource utilization of domestic waste is the development trend in the field of waste treatment. The difficulty of bag breaking and the easy entanglement of domestic waste are the factors restricting the mechanization of waste separati...

Electroceuticals refer to various forms of electronic neurostimulators used for therapy. Interdisciplinary advances in medical engineering and science have led to the development of the electroceutical approach, which involves therapeutic agents that...

Asthma is a major driver of health care costs across ages. Despite widely disseminated asthma-treatment guidelines and a growing variety of effective therapeutic options, most patients still experience symptoms and/or refractoriness to standard of ca...

The identification of protein aggregates as biomarkers for neurodegeneration is an area of interest for disease diagnosis and treatment development. In this work, we present novel super luminescent conjugated polyelectrolyte molecules as ex vivo sens...

The purpose of the present study was to explore the efficacy of fermented extract of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica Aresch, FST) with Lactobacillus brevis on DNA damage and apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-stimulated osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells...

This study was conducted to objectively evaluate the degree of detangling needed to develop the effectiveness of cosmetic hair ingredients to prevent hair tangles. To evaluate the degree of hair tangling, the frictional force applied when combing the...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the buildup of plaques and tangles in the brain. Tangles are formed when the stabilizing protein, tau, becomes hyperphosphorylated and clumps together. There are limited treatments for AD; therefore,...

As the potential of directed acyclic graph (DAG)-based distributed ledgers in IoT systems unfolds, a need arises to understand their intricate dynamics in real-world scenarios. It is well known that discrete event simulations can provide high-fidelit...

IOTA is an emerging decentralized computing paradigm for developing blockchain-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications. It has the advantages of zero transaction fees, incremental scalability, and high-performance transaction rates. Despite its w...

This article presents a novel hardware-assisted distributed ledger-based solution for simultaneous device and data security in smart healthcare. This article presents a novel architecture that integrates PUF, blockchain, and Tangle for Security-by-De...

Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is known to induce significant grain refinement and formation of tangled dislocations within the grains. These are induced to evolve to form low-angle boundaries (i.e., cell boundaries) and eventually high-angle...

In the pursuit of better treatments, the concept of a chemically-active material, responding to local conditions by causing reactions, or reacting to produce substances that are deemed beneficial, seems laudable. Ultimately, the goal appears to be to...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is widely accepted that AD is mainly caused by the accumulation of extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tau tangles. Aβ begins to accu...

Alzheimer–Perusini’s (AD) disease represents the most spread dementia around the world and constitutes a serious problem for public health. It was first described by the two physicians from whom it took its name. Nowadays, we have extensi...

Technology in the meat industry is advancing to create healthier and more sustainable food. Incorporating micro- and macroalgae into meat products presents an exciting possibility for the meat sector to develop functional food, given that they serve...

We suggest a diagrammatic model of computation based on an axiom of distributivity. A diagram of a decorated colored tangle, similar to those that appear in low dimensional topology, plays the role of a circuit diagram. Equivalent diagrams represent...

Melatonin has been indicated to ameliorate tau hyperphosphorylation in the pathogenesis of tau diseases, but the role of melatonin-receptor signal transduction has not been clearly discovered. In this study, we found intensive tau hyperphosphorylatio...

IOTA is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) platform proposed for the internet of things (IoT) systems in order to tackle the limitations of Blockchain in terms of latency, scalability, and transaction cost. The main concepts used in IOTA to reach...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, presents a significant global health challenge with no known cure to date. Central to our understanding of AD pathogenesis is the β-amyloid cascade hypothesis, which underlies drug r...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. The two cardinal neuropathological hallmarks of AD are the senile plaques, which are extracellular deposits mainly constituted by beta-amyloids, and neurofib...

The demand for the digital monitoring of environmental ecosystems is high and growing rapidly as a means of protecting the public and managing the environment. However, before data, algorithms, and models can be mobilized at scale, there are consider...

The circadian rhythm of the body temperature (CRBT) is a marker of the central biological clock that results from multiple complex biological processes. In mammals, including humans, the body temperature displays a strict circadian rhythm and has to...

Synaptic transmission is essential for nervous system function and the loss of synapses is a known major contributor to dementia. Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD) is characterized by synaptic loss in the mesial temporal lobe and cerebral neoc...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and results in progressive neurodegeneration. The incidence rate of AD is increasing, creating a major public health issue. AD is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) compo...

A well defined global surface of section (SOS) is a necessary first step in many studies of various dynamical systems. Starting with a surface of section, one is able to more easily find periodic orbits as well as other geometric structures that gove...

The majority of neurodegenerative diseases are pathologically associated with protein misfolding and aggregation. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of dementia that slowly affects memory and cognitive function, and is characterized by the aggregatio...

The quantification of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) using specific PET tracers can facilitate the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and allow monitoring of disease progression and treatment efficacy. [¹⁸F]-THK523 has shown high affinity and sele...

We study the entanglement of a pure state of a composite quantum system consisting of several subsystems with d levels each. It can be described by the Rényi–Ingarden–Urbanik entropy S_q of a decomposition of the state in a product basis, minimized ov...

Neurodegeneration is a highly complex process which is associated with a variety of molecular mechanisms related to ageing. Among neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common, affecting more than 45 million individua...